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Comparison of ROS production of individual particle components from traffic-related sources can inform new health policies and emissions legislation. This work aims to quantify acellular ROS production and oxidative potential (OP) of such individual particle components from combustion, brake, tire, and road wear. Particle characteristics are probed to identify source-specific markers and improve t
The gut microbiota is associated with human health and disease. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study of host genetic factors influencing gut microbiota composition in 12,652 individuals from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), with replication in Nordic cohorts (n = 16,017–21,976). We identified 12 reproducible SNP–species associations across six genomic loci, including known (LCT, ABO
Urban Living Labs (ULLs) are widely promoted as experimental spaces for urban innovation, particularly in EU policy contexts. Yet their design is often shaped by current institutional logics, EU-funding structures, and sector-specific constraints, especially in transport, a domain marked by technical path dependencies and dominant narratives of efficiency and optimization. These conditions risk na
Background SLE is a systemic autoimmune disease with a large number of common risk gene variants, but several rare gene variants can cause monogenic SLE. The relationship between common and rare variants in SLE is unclear. We therefore investigated the occurrence of rare deleterious variants in patients with childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) and adult-onset SLE (aSLE) and compared the frequency of these
AIMS: A history of preeclampsia is associated with at least a twofold increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), with unclear underlying mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate coronary plaque characteristics in women with a history of preeclampsia compared to women from the general population.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, women with a history of preeclampsia from the Cardiovas
This thesis investigates particle sorting in deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) microfluidic devices, with a focus on how particle size and shape influence sorting behavior. A broad range of synthetic and biological particles were studied, including polystyrene particles, fabricated silicon-based structures, and bacterial samples with diverse physical properties.While DLD has traditionally b
Disruptions in gut microbiome are implicated in cardiometabolic disorders and other health outcomes. Antibiotics are known gut microbiome disruptors, but their long-term consequences remain underexplored. Here we combined individual-level data from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register with fecal metagenomes of 14,979 adults to examine the association between oral antibiotic use over 8 years and gu
Objective To compare longitudinal speech outcomes at ages 5 and 10 years in foreign-born and Swedish-born children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP ± L), and assess impact of cleft type, additional diagnosed conditions, sex, and age at completed primary palatal surgery.DesignLongitudinal, registry-based cohort study.SettingRegional public care university hospitals in Sweden.Particip
The metastatic potential of cancer cells is closely linked to their mechanical properties, and changes in these properties often correspond to the progression of the disease. To study how mechanical factors such as cell size and deformability influence the spread of cancer and the surrounding extracellular matrix, it is crucial that cancer cell populations be sorted in relevant subpopulations with
ObjectiveTo determine whether the genetic disorder severe α1-antitrypsin deficiency, which has a known association with increased risk for development of lung and liver diseases, is also associated with increased risk for development of gastrointestinal diseases.Patients and MethodsWe conducted a national, longitudinal, registry-based study of individuals with severe α1-antitrypsin deficiency (phe
Background: Severe Alpha-1-Antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), phenotype PiZZ, is a leading cause of liver disease in neonates, children, and adults. Nevertheless, the prevalence of liver disease and mortality within PiZZ adults remains unclear. Between 1972 and 1974, a cohort of 129 individuals with severe AATD (PiZZ) was identified through the Swedish national screening of 200,000 newborns. The cohor
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Its association with venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been inconsistently reported. We investigated the association between MetS and VTE, and the influence of sex and abdominal obesity. We included 12,788 middle-aged and older adults from the re-ex
The formation of InSb quantum dots (QDs) embedded in an InAs matrix grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) was studied parametrically. In particular, the effect of the sequence of the change of As2 dimers and Sb2 on the distribution of As and Sb at the InSb-QDs/InAs interface was investigated by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was shown that additional As2 above the InSb
Optimization and electrical control of photovoltaic (PV) and proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer systems are critical for efficient, scalable hydrogen production. Static coupling methods employ fixed electrical interconnections between PV arrays and the PEM stack, which cannot adapt to fluctuating irradiance or temperature. To overcome this, we propose an adaptive reconfiguration optimizat
A high-throughput method for the fabrication of ordered arrays of Au nanoparticles is presented. It is based on pulsed electrodeposition into porous anodic alumina templates. In contrast to many synthesis routes, it is cyanide-free, prior separation of the alumina template from the aluminium substrate is not required, and the use of contaminating surfactants/capping agents often found in colloidal
Introduction: Acute lower limb ischemia (ALI) is a life and limb threatening event often affecting patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Little is known about how T2DM affects the risk of adverse events in patients revascularized for ALI. This study aimed to investigate if there were differences in major outcomes between ALI patients with and without T2DM. Methods: Between 2010 and 2014,
BackgroundMonogenic insulin resistance (IR) includes lipodystrophy and disorders of insulin signalling. We sought to assess the effects of interventions in monogenic IR, stratified by genetic aetiology.MethodsSystematic review using PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase (1 January 1987 to 23 June 2021). Studies reporting individual-level effects of pharmacologic and/or surgical interventions in monogenic IR
Direct reprogramming of somatic cells into neurons offers a promising strategy for studying neurological disorders and developing cell-based therapies. This protocol describes the 3D direct reprogramming of human glial progenitor cells into dopaminergic neurons. It includes spheroid formation, lentiviral transduction, neuronal induction using doxycycline, and validation via gene expression and imm
Black carbon (BC), a major component of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), has been implicated in adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD). While PM2.5 has been associated with increased ASD risk, the specific role of BC remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess prenatal exposure to BC and risk for ASD development in a low exposure setting, using a large, hi
