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The acute effects of recombinant human interleukin-1 beta (rIL-1) on basal and glucose-stimulated insulin release were investigated in the isolated perfused pancreas. At a concentration of 20 μg/l rIL-1 had no effect on basal insulin release, but increased the total amount of insulin released during first and second phase insulin release in response to 20 mmol/l D-glucose in the rat pancreas (P <
BackgroundHospitalization indicates the presence of severe disease and constitutes a leading cost in health care. We aimed to prospectively assess if prevalent diabetes mellitus contributes to excess all-cause and cause-specific hospital admissions and mortality at the population level.MethodsWe used a Swedish prospective population-based cohort, including 25,642 individuals of whom 4.2% had preva
Objective: Vaginal hysterectomy combined with uterosacral suspension (USLS) is a technique for treating pelvic organ prolapse. Vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) has been described as an alternative minimal invasive approachfor treating various gynecological and non-gynecological pathologies. The aim was to compare the surgical time between conventional vaginal hyster
Background: A substantial proportion of individuals with COPD have never smoked, and it is implied to be more common than previously anticipated but poorly studied. Aim: To describe the process of recruitment of never-smokers with COPD from a population-based cohort (n = 30 154). Methods: We recruited never-smokers with COPD, aged 50–75 years, from six University Hospitals, based on: 1) post bronc
Summary: We wanted to determine if there are any associations between birth factors and adult fracture risk. For women only, shorter birth length was associated with lower relative fracture risk. For women and men, individuals who were long at birth as well as tall in adulthood had a substantially higher relative fracture risk. Purpose: We aimed to examine associations between birth anthropometry
Background: There are few large register-based studies on people with intellectual disabilities (ID) that compare outcomes with the general population. Methods: All people in Skåne, the southernmost part of Sweden the 1st of January 2014 was included. Data concerning demographics/vital events, healthcare utilization and service and support for people with ID or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was c
Rationale: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a life-threatening manifestation of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). The PEXIVAS (Plasma Exchange and Glucocorticoids in Severe Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis) (NCT00987389) trial was the largest in AAV and the first to enroll participants with DAH requiring mechanical ventilation. Objectives
Background: The pathological response to preoperative chemotherapy of colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) is predictive of long-term prognosis after liver resection. Accurate preoperative assessment of chemotherapy response could enable treatment optimization. Purpose: To investigate whether changes in lesion-apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measured with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance
Background: Thiopentone elimination has been described using Michaelis-Menten pharmacokinetics in adults after prolonged infusion or overdose, but there are few reports of elimination in neonates. Methods: Time-concentration profiles for neonates (n=37) given single-dose thiopentone were examined using both first-order (constant clearance) and mixed-order (Michaelis-Menten) elimination processes u
Background: Patients with acute respiratory failure caused by cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) may require mechanical ventilation that can cause further lung damage. Our aim was to determine the impact of ventilatory settings on CPE mortality. Methods: Patients from the LUNG SAFE cohort, a multicenter prospective cohort study of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation, were studied. Relationsh
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) patients who have progressed following treatment with both bortezomib and lenalidomide have a poor prognosis. In this late stage, other effective alternatives are limited, and patients in Sweden are often left with best supportive care. Pomalidomide is a new anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory drug for the treatment of MM. Our objective was to evaluate the cost e
OBJECTIVE: This nationwide study aimed to determine whether venous thromboembolism (VTE) shares familial susceptibility with aortic aneurysm (AA), peripheral artery disease (PAD) and arterial thrombosis and embolisation (ATE) in locations other than the heart and brain.METHODS: Nationwide Swedish family study. Data from the Swedish Multi-Generation Register for subjects aged 0-78 years old, coveri
Background: Abiraterone acetate (AA) is an androgen biosynthesis inhibitor shown to prolong life in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) already treated with chemotherapy. AA treatment results in dramatic declines in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in some patients and no declines in others, suggesting the presence of molecular determinants of sensitivity in tumors. Objective:
The emergence of a monkeypox (MPOX) outbreak in 2022 represented the most recent recognizable public health emergency at a global level. Improving knowledge and attitude towards MPOX, particularly among healthcare workers (HCWs), can be a valuable approach in public health preventive efforts aiming to halt MPOX virus spread. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude o
Photosynthesis is the process through which the energy from the sun is converted into chemically bound energy stored in carbohydrates. Due to large variations in light intensities and stress situations, plants must be able to regulate the absorbed energy since excess energy would otherwise damage the plant. One of several photoprotective mechanisms involves the xanthophyll cycle. A copper binding
Background: The existing association between skin disease and psychiatric comorbidity has gained attention during the last decades. Stress and mental illness can directly or indirectly affect skin disease, while dermatological conditions, known to impair life quality and mental well-being, can promote psychiatric conditions. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of developing ps
