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Environmental exposures to a myriad of chemicals are associated with adverse health effects in humans, while good nutrition is associated with improved health. Single chemical in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate causal links between the chemicals and outcomes, but such studies do not represent human exposure to environmental mixtures. One way of summarizing the effect of the joint action of c

Discussions of the cultural economy often focus upon the movement of such things as signs, media images, fashion and their entanglement in economic processes, but less attention has been paid to the concrete ways in which cultural heritage is affected by the processes and conditions of commoditization. This paper focuses upon how two museums of Scandinavian heritage struggle with very different cu

This paper discusses the existence and scope of the morality exception from patentability, in Article 53 (a) of the European Patent Convention. The analysis will look into the history of the provision, debate its rational and interpretation by reference to three examples of technology areas: stem cell research; gene editing and AI/big data analytics.Bioscience innovation has always generated heate

The main objective of this study was to examine the rate of three dimensions of depressive symptoms in medical student population in Serbia, and to find out whether this rate had changed over the period often years. This cross-sectional study included 615 medical students (F = 61% and M = 39%), mean age = 23.60 (SD = 1.541), who were tested in five non-consecutive surveys between 2002 and 2012. De

Background Response to disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is often heterogeneous. We aimed to identify types of disease activity trajectories following the initiation of a new biologic DMARD (bDMARD). Methods Pooled analysis of nine national registries of patients with diagnosis of RA, who initiated Abatacept and had at least two measures of disease activit

Ernst Wigforss (1881−1977) was Minister of Finance in Sweden 1925−26, 1932−36, and 1936−49, and one of the great ideologists of Swedish SocialDemocracy. During 1918−36 he was also a member of the Chapter in the Diocese of Gothenburg, Church of Sweden.Before 1937, lecturers in the old grammar schools were ex officiomembers of the diocesan chapter. The agnostic Wigforss took his seat in the chapter

There are still divergent opinions regarding the pharmacodynamic effects of ketamine on the brain. In this study, the cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) and electroencephalographic (EEG) activity were sequentially assessed over 80 min in 17 normoventilated pigs following rapid i.v. infusions of anaesthetic (10.0 mg.kg-1; n = 7) or subanaesthetic (2.0 mg.kg-1; n =

Background: Retinoids are vital for embryonic development; both excesses and deficiencies of vitamin A are known to give similar patterns of birth defects. Concentrations of retinol in newborns and in pregnant women have been investigated, but concentrations of the biologically active metabolite all-trans retinoic acid and its isomer 13-cis retinoic acid have not. Objective: We measured serum conc

An open European market for goods and services, including transport services, stimulates trade, global competitiveness and economic growth. At the same time, concerns about domestic job security, regulation compliance and the environment have sparked a debate. This report should be considered one of the first modest contributions to the mainly unexplored area of European freight deregulation. Our

The Baltic Sea is one of the largest seas with brackish water and is sensitive ocean partly due to its long retention time and partly due to its high human load or the combination between the two. In Scania there are 33 municipalities where 16 of these are located along the coast. However, due to that the knowledge about coastal management varies between the municipalities Integrated Coastal Zone

Sammanfattning Våldtäkt har sedan länge varit kriminaliserat, men dess innebörd och syftet bakom kriminaliseringen har varierat. Under 1800-talets slut var det främsta syftet att upprätthålla familjens, i synnerhet mannens, ära. Inte förrän 1965 blev våldtäkt inom äktenskap kriminaliserat, då kvinnans sexuella integritet ställdes i fokus. Därefter förstärktes den sexuella integriteten ytterligareSummary Rape has been criminalized for a long time, but the meaning and intention has been shifted. During the end of 1900th century the primary intention was to enforce the honour of the family, particularly that of the man. Not until 1965 rape became criminalized within marriage, as the sexual integrity of women came into focus. Subsequently the sexual integrity was enhanced by expanding 6 chap

Dödsstraff är idag förbjudet i Sverige. Tanken på att samhället utnämner sig själv till härskare över liv och död är både fascinerande och motbjudande, men har varit ett faktum under flera hundra år. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka den argumentation som föregick dels bibehållandet av dödsstraffsregleringen i Sverige, dels avskaffandet av densamma. Debatten kring dödsstraffet kom att präglasDeath penalty is prohibited in Sweden today. The idea of society appointing itself ruler over life and death is both fascinating and disgusting, but has been a fact for several hundred years. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the arguments that preceded both the retention of the death penalty regulation in Sweden and the abolition of the same. The debate surrounding the death penalty was c

Straffreduktioner vid flerfaldig brottslighet och straffskärpningar vid återfall reglerar båda situationen då en person gjort sig skyldig till flera brott. Skillnaden är att vid straffreduktioner behandlas brotten inom ramen för samma rättegång och vid återfallet har ett eller flera brott först behandlats vid en rättegång och efter verkställandet av det straffet begås ett nytt brott som behandlas A ”penal reduction” in the case of multiple criminality and more severe sanctions due to a relapse into crime both regulates the case when a person has committed multiple crimes. The difference between the two regulations is that in the case of ”penal reductions”, the crimes are covered during the same trial, while in the case of a relapse, the convict has first been sentenced during one trial and

Skatteflykt och aggressiv skatteplanering leder årligen till stora inkomstbortfall för staten vilket ger upphov till konsekvenser för välfärden, skattemoralen samt konkurrensen och mindre företags möjligheter att etablera sig på marknaden vilket orsakar urholkning av länders skattebas och orättvisor. Direktiv 2016/1164 utvecklades samt antogs av EU för att kunna kryphål som finns gentemot skatteuTax avoidance and aggressive tax planning annually results in large financial losses för the state, which have consequences for the welfare, tax moral as well as for the competition and the ability for smaller companies to establish themselves on the market which causes erosion of tax bases and injustice. Directive 2016/1164 was developed and adapted by EU in order to cover the loopholes that exi

Samerna har levt i Sverige sedan tiden före kolonisering och landgränser. Trots det erkänner den svenska staten inte någon äganderätt till land och de har enbart vissa rättigheter inom sina traditionella landområden. Sverige har fått internationell kritik upprepade gånger för hur man behandlar samerna. Rätten till land och vatten liksom rätten till självbestämmande är omdiskuterade frågor som ejThe Sami have lived in Sweden since the time before colonization and land borders. Nevertheless, the Swedish state doesn’t recognize any ownership of land and only some rights within their traditional land. Sweden has received international criticism repeatedly for the treatment of the Sami. The right to land and water, as well as the right to self-determination, are debated issues that haven’t b

En konkurs syftar till att fördela gäldenärens tillgångar till borgenärerna. Detta sker utefter fordringarnas storlek och prioritet. I varje konkurs utses en förvaltare som har i uppdrag att avveckla tillgångarna och fördela medlen till borgenärerna. I vissa fall kan detta innebära att gäldenärens verksamhet drivs vidare för att utdelningen till borgenärerna ska bli större. Under 2019 och 2020 förThe aim of the bankruptcy process is to distribute the debtor’s assets to the creditors, with regard to the size and priority of the debts. In every bankruptcy, an administrator is appointed, who’s assignment is to liquidate the assets and distribute them between the creditors. In some cases, this can include running the debtor’s business for a while, and thus creating greater value for the credit

För att kommissionen ska vara behörig att granska ett förvärv krävs det att kontroll har förvärvats i enlighet med koncentrationsförordningen. Således är kommissionen oförmögen att agera vid problematiska icke kontrollerande minoritetsförvärv (så kallade strukturella förbindelser). Det är dock inte bara förvärv av kontroll som kan orsaka betydande konkurrensskada. Liknande skada kan förekomma vid For the Commission to be competent to examine an acquisition, must concern an acquisition of control within the meaning of the Merger Regulation. Therefore the Commission is unable to act upon problematical non-controlling minority shareholdings (also known as structural links). Anticompetitive effects, however, may arise in situations where control has not been acquired. Established economic theo

Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur flöjtpedagoger yrkesverksamma på kulturskolor i Sverige beskriver sin undervisning med fokus på utveckling av det flöjtistiska hantverket hos nybörjare. Forskningsfrågorna som besvaras är: Vilket/vilka mål har flöjtpedagogerna med sin undervisning? Vilka flöjtistiska byggstenar anser flöjtpedagogerna vara nödvändiga att grundlägga hos nybörjarna? Hur arbetar flöThe aim of this study is to examine how flute teachers, working in the municipal Swedish music schools, describe the music education, focusing on the development of the beginner's technical skills of flute playing from a hermeneutic point of view. The research questions are: What are the flute teachers´ aims of their teaching? What basic skills of flute playing do they consider as important in

Efterfrågan efter hushållsarbete har ökat i Europa sedan 1990-talet på grund av minskande välfärdstjänster, ökade krav på prestation på arbetsmarknaden och bättre ekonomiska förutsättningar att betala för hushållsarbete. Dessutom uppfyller det fria flödet av arbetskraft inom EU och EES-området efterfrågan eftersom arbetskraft från fattigare områden blir tillgänglig för hushållen i länder med bättrThe demand for domestic work has increased in Europe since the 1990´s due to decreasing welfare services, increasing demands for performance in the labour market and financial ability to pay for domestic work. In addition, the free flow of labour within the European Union and the EEA-area meets these demands when labour force from the poorer areas become available for households in countries with