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BACKGROUND: Intestinal inactivity leads to atrophic changes and concomitant alterations in the expression of neurotransmitters in the enteric nervous system. In atrophic rat ileum neurones expressing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) decrease in number while nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expressing neurones increase. Since little is known
BACKGROUND: Exposures to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have shown positive associations with serum lipids in previous studies. While many studies on lipids investigated associations with perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), there are only a few studies regarding other PFAS, such as perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). The purpose of the current study is to i
BACKGROUND: The value of CT at the time of diagnosis for patients with cutaneous head and neck melanoma clinically asymptomatic for metastatic disease is unclear. METHODS: A retrospective medical chart review was performed on 198 consecutive patients identified with primary T1b-T4b head and neck melanoma clinically asymptomatic for metastatic disease referred for sentinel lymph node biopsy proceduBACKGROUND: The value of CT at the time of diagnosis for patients with cutaneous head and neck melanoma clinically asymptomatic for metastatic disease is unclear.METHODS: A retrospective medical chart review was performed on 198 consecutive patients identified with primary T1b-T4b head and neck melanoma clinically asymptomatic for metastatic disease referred for sentinel lymph node biopsy procedur
During 1984–2009, Greylag Geese Anser anser were neck-banded at two lakes six kilometres apart in southwest Scania, southernmost Sweden: 2308 at lake Yddingen and 633 at Klosterviken (part of lake Bör-ringe). Through 2013 we recorded 51 132 and 29 937 re-sightings, respectively. We analyse the distribution patterns within Scania during the post-breeding months July–March. In spite of the short dis
A DNS study of propagation of either an infinitely thin passive interface or a reaction wave of a nonzero thickness in forced, constant-density, statistically stationary, homogeneous, isotropic turbulence was performed by solving Navier-Stokes equations and either level set or reaction-diffusion equation, respectively, with all other things being equal. The simulations covered a wide range of cond
Bats navigate the dark using echolocation. Echolocation is enhanced by external ears, but external ears increase the projected frontal area and reduce the streamlining of the animal. External ears are thus expected to compromise flight efficiency, but research suggests that very large ears may mitigate the cost by producing aerodynamic lift. Here we compare quantitative aerodynamic measures of fli
Preparative liquid chromatography is a separation technique widely used in the manufacturing of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. A major drawback of traditional single-column batch chromatography step is the trade-off between product purity and process performance. Recirculation of impure product can be utilized to make the trade-off more favorable. The aim of the present study was to investiga
Polyamines are cationic molecules synthesized via a highly regulated pathway, obtained from the diet or produced by the gut microbiota. They are involved in general molecular and cellular phenomena that play a role also in vascular disease. Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a congenital malformation associated to a greater risk of thoracic ascending aorta (TAA) aneurysm, whose pathogenesis is not yet
Reconstructions of solar activity prior to AD1600 rely on estimates of the past production rates of cosmogenic radionuclides in the Earth’s atmosphere. These rates are modulated by the strength of the solar magnetic field and the intensity of the Earth’s geomagnetic dipole. One of the largest uncertainties associated with these reconstructions originates from palaeointensity data and to show how e
We describe techniques for identifying functional promoter elements in the 5'-flanking region of the murine cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 3B (mPDE3B) gene. The 5'-flanking region of the mPDE3B gene was cloned and sequenced, and putative transcription factor binding sites were identified with computational tools. A series of reporter plasmids containing the luciferase gene fused to different
The Hieracium flora of westernmost Dalarna, comprising the southern fringe of the Scandes alps (central Scandinavia), is extremely rich in species. The area is dominated by species-poor coniferous sub-alpine and taiga forest, but within this matrix there are small and isolated sites with high species richness of both Hieracium and other plants. Both steep mountain slopes with outcrops of base-rich
In the atmosphere nighttime removal of volatile organic compounds is initiated to a large extent by reaction with the nitrate radical (NO3) forming organic nitrates which partition between gas and particulate phase. Here we show based on particle phase measurements performed at a suburban site in the Netherlands that organic nitrates contribute substantially to particulate nitrate and organic mass
Niche expansion is attained by adaptations in two generalized phenotypical traits - niche position and niche width. This gives room for a wide range of conceptual ways of niche filling. The niche variation hypothesis reduces the range by predicting that expansion occurs by increasing variation in niche position, which has been debated on empirical and theoretical grounds as also other options seem
Accurate estimates of base cation weathering rates in forest soils are crucial for policy decisions on sustainable biomass harvest levels and for calculations of critical loads of acidity. The PROFILE model is one of the most frequently used methods to quantify weathering rates, where the quantitative mineralogical input has often been calc
Background: Family risks for urinary tract cancers (excluding kidney cancers) are known, but less is known about whether rare urinary tract cancer subtypes are also familial and if urinary tract cancers share familial risk for other (discordant) cancers. Objective: To investigate the impact of family history on urinary tract cancers (International Classification of Diseases version 7 code 181) and
Electricity must be produced at the same time as it is used. This necessitates flexibility in the electricity production and electricity networks. Until recently, the increase in electricity demand and peak power demand has been met by expansion of the electricity production. Today, due to the deregulation of the electricity market, the production capacity is decreasing. Therefore, there is a nati
This thesis comprises three different topics within the field of tribology. First, design functions for analyses of slider bearings are developed. Second, a lubricant model applied to elastohydrodynamically lubricated (EHL) line contacts considering wall-slip is presented. Finally, an experimental apparatus for investigations of lubricants at high pressures is presented. The design of hydrodynami
Popular Abstract in Swedish Gipsgjutning är ganska enkelt. Blanda gipset med vatten och rör runt lite. Häll därefter blandningen i en form om du vill ha en gipshund eller så, eller i en tallrik om du vill trycka av en kroppsdel. Om du vill ha en handavgjutning så tryck dit handen en stund och låt gipset stelna. Sedan är det klart. Bara den hand du gjutit av kommer att passa; var det högerhanden såMolecular imprinting is a technique by which polymeric materials selective for a given target molecule can be created through a casting procedure. Functionalised monomers are added to a solution of molecular templates. Monomer-template complexes are formed and subsequently fixed through polymerisation, and following removal of the template species from the resultant molecularly imprinted polymer,
Rapid and cost-effective retrieval of endogenous DNA from ancient specimens remains a limiting factor in palaeogenomic research. Many methods have been developed to increase ancient DNA yield, but modifications to existing protocols are often based on personal experience rather than systematic testing. Here, we present a new silica column-based extraction protocol, where optimizations were tested
Background and objective:This study aims to enhance the performance of a closed-loop anesthetic depth control system by fusing noise-corrupted clinical measurements with a non-perfect pharmacological model.Methods:We implement a Kalman filter to constitute a trade-off between model prediction and measurement signal dependence for depth of hypnosis (DoH) control using a previously evaluated PID con
