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Föreskriften om nödvärn finns i 24 kap. 1 § brottsbalken (BrB). Bestämmelsen anger att den som är föremål för ett brottsligt angrepp har rätt att försvara sig. Denna försvarsrätt inträder redan då ett brottsligt angrepp är överhängande. Den angripne är således på ett relativt tidigt stadium berättigad att vidta försvarsåtgärder. För att en gärning som begås i en nödvärnssituation ska vara rättsenlAccording to Chapter 24 paragraph 1 of the Swedish Penal Code a person who is subject to an impending or an embarked criminal attack has a right to protect himself by using self-defence. The fact that this right arises already when a criminal attack is impending means that the person who is subject to the attack has the right to defend himself at a quite early stage. An act committed in a self-def

Fynd vid brottsplatser av vävnadsprov som kan användas för DNA-profilering har fått en ökande betydelse vid såväl utredning av brott som i efterföljande rättsliga processer. Genom en kombination av förfinad genetisk teknologi och förbättrade möjligheter att via datoriserade register jämföra DNA-fynd från brottsplatser med tidigare insamlade DNA-profiler från kända eller misstänkta brottslingar kanThe securing at crime scenes of tissue samples that can be used for DNA-profiling is gaining increasing importance in criminal investigations, as well as in lawsuits. Thanks to the combination of refined genetic technologies and markedly improved means to compare DNA profiles detected at crime scenes with those stored in various forensic registries through computerized database searches, both Swed

Bröstarvingars i princip ovillkorliga rätt till arv regleras genom laglotten, vilken ger barnen rätt till hälften av kvarlåtenskapen. Åsikterna går emellertid isär kring huruvida laglottsrätten står i överensstämmelse med värderingarna i dagens samhälle. Framställningen syftar till, att med en rättsdogmatisk metod, undersöka laglottsinstitutets utveckling genom historien och bakgrunden till lagstiThe statutory share of inheritance gives the direct heirs of a deceased person an almost unconditional right to retain half the property of the inheritance. Although opinions differ regarding whether the statutory share of inheritance complies with the set of values in today’s Swedish society. This essay aims, by using a legal dogmatic method, to examine the development of the statutory share of i

Med 1944 års djurskyddslag införs de första djurförsöksbestämmelserna i svensk rätt. Debatten om djurförsökens reglering hade då under lång tid varit föremål för ett flertal motioner i den svenska riksdagen, utan att resultera i någon lagstiftning. Genom att försöka kontextualisera bestämmelserna söker jag svar på frågan vilka faktorer i den rättsliga utvecklingen som kan bidragit till tidpunkten The scientific use of animals is a complex question, in itself and in law. In this essay the rules regarding animal experimentation are studied through the lens of the legislator’s arguments as well as the historical context in which these rules first came about. Thus, this essay situate the Animal Protection Act of 1944 in its historical context, as well as analyzing the arguments on the use of a

Risk communication is an interactive process which aims to reduce public concerns about health- and environmental risks through gaining trust and confidence. PFASs (Polyfluoroalkyl and perfluoroalkyl substances) is more addressed today amongst Swedish municipalities because there are concern for surface- and groundwater pollution and concern about long-term health risks. This study aims to invest

Titel: Konsumtion i kris: En kvalitativ studie om människors förhållningssätt till konsumtion under coronapandemin Seminariedatum: 2020-06-04 Kurs: FEKH29, Examensarbete i marknadsföring på kandidatnivå, 15 högskolepoäng Författare: Azra Merdanovic, Alexander Mozaffari & Tim Roslund Handledare: Peter Svensson Nyckelord: Coronapandemin, kriskonsumtion, konsumentbeteende, förhållningssätt, Title: Consumption in crisis: A qualitative study about people’s attitudes towards consumption during the corona pandemic Seminar date: 2020-06-04 Course: FEKH29, Degree Project in Marketing, Undergraduate Level, 15 credits Authors: Azra Merdanovic, Alexander Mozaffari & Tim Roslund Advisor: Peter Svensson Key words: Corona pandemic, crisis consumption, consumption behavior, consumption a

A pollen record obtained from a 2.2-m sediment succession deposited in a small lake in the province of Vasterbotten, north-eastern Sweden, reveals the presence of continuous forest cover since 8,500 calendar years before present (cal B.P.). Forest with abundant Pinus (pine) and Betula (birch) initially colonized the area, followed by a dominance of deciduous trees, primarily Betula, from ca. 8,000

Through physiological integration, clonal plants can support ramets in unfavourable patches, exploit heterogeneously distributed resources and distribute resources that are taken up over large areas. Physiological integration generally increases in adverse conditions, but it is not well known which factors determine the evolution of physiological integration. The aim of this study was to investiga

Patch-clamp and capacitance measurements were applied to α-, β- and δ-cells in intact mouse pancreatic islets. The maximum rate of β-cell exocytosis during a depolarization to 0 mV was 14 granules/s, <5% of that observed in isolated β-cells. β-cell exocytosis exhibited bell-shaped voltage dependence and peaked at +20 mV. At physiological membrane potentials (≤-20 mV), the maximum rate of release w

Background: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists have proved effective as treatment against rheumatoid arthritis ( RA), but the unresolved issue of whether the use of anti-TNF therapy increases the already elevated risk of lymphoma in RA remains a concern. Methods: Using the Swedish Biologics Register (ARTIS), the Swedish Cancer Register, pre-existing RA cohorts and cross-linkage with other na

It is hard to defend the view that biotic communities represent a simple and predictable response to the abiotic environment. Biota and the abiotic environment interact, and the environment of an individual certainly includes its neighbors and visitors in the community. The complexity of community assembly calls forth a quest for general principles, yet current results and theories on assembly rul

Commercial banks can play an important role in environmental issues. Having a role of an intermediary in an economy, because of their importance for the business sector, commercial banks can influence and contribute to the healthy environment significantly. Still, the banking sector is slowly responding to environmental challenges in comparison to other sectors: banks’ direct impacts on the enviro

Den 1 januari 2019 infördes omfattande ändringar i det svenska företagsbeskattningssystemet. Från att tidigare endast begränsat avdrag för ränteutgifter hänförliga till interna lån innebär bolagsreformen att alla ränteutgifter begränsas och principiellt omfattas alla svenska aktiebolag av regelverket. Neutralitetsprincipen uttrycken en målsättning om att den skattskyldiges val mellan olika handlinOn January 1 2019, extensive changes were introduced to the Swedish corporate tax system. From previously only limiting deductions for interest expenses related to internal loans, the corporate tax reform entails that all interest expenses are limited and all Swedish companies are subject to the regulations. The principle of neutrality states that taxpayer’s choice between different options should

Predicting potential pollination services of wild bees in crops requires knowledge of their spatial distribution within fields. Field margins can serve as nesting and foraging habitats for wild bees and can be a source of pollinators. Regional differences in pollinator community composition may affect this spill-over of bees. We studied how regional and local differences affect the spatial distrib

Through rapid reactions with ozone, which can initiate the formation of secondary organic aerosols, the emission of sesquiterpenes from vegetation in Amazonia may have significant impacts on tropospheric chemistry and climate. Little is known, however, about sesquiterpene emissions, transport, and chemistry within plant canopies owing to analytical difficulties stemming from very low ambient conce

High latitude wetlands play an important role for the surface-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), but fluxes of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) in these ecosystems have to date not been extensively studied. This is despite BVOC representing a measurable proportion of the total gaseous C fluxes at northern locations and in the face of the high temperature sensi

My thesis consists of three main parts. The first part, Chapter 2, describes the legal framework regulating free movement of goods, with the focus on quantitative restrictions in the EC. The starting point of this chapter is the current approach to harmonization in completing the internal market. This section considers the limits of economic integration prior to 1986 and the important steps taken

Research aim and questions: The aim of this research is to investigate the way Radio Free Europe’s Romanian Language Service presented the events of December 1989 in Romania. Since Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty was one of the most important international broadcasting institutions during the Cold War, it is relevant to see what kind of interpretation was assigned to Romania’s 1989 political and