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A field study was carried out in three small shallow ice-covered lakes to study heat and mass fluxes and their spatial and temporal variability. During the main part of the winter, the heat flux at the ice-water interface, being of the order 0.5-1, W m(-2), was dominated by conduction from water to ice and did not show any significant variations in time or space. The heat flux from sediments to wa
Abstract in UndeterminedWe suggest a method of analyzing the sustainability conditions for forestry from three major realms: environmental, social, and economic. The tools and methods were tested at sites in Sweden. Assessments were made for the long-term sustainability concerning the impact of present management practices on the balances of nutrients in monocultures and mixed-species stands. In t
Sweden is widely considered to have one of the most equal and gender-equal societies in the world. But the Swedish society is also one in which the Labour Court can find discrimination when a 60-year-old ‘Swedish’ ‘white’ woman fails to get a job interview – yet not when workers call a colleague of Gambian background ‘blackie’, ‘big black bastard’, ‘the African’, and ‘svartskalle’, or a man of Nig
The structural properties of a system of ionic microgels under the influence of an alternating electric field are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. This combined investigation aims to shed light on the structural transitions that can be induced by changing either the driving frequency or the strength of the applied field, which range from string-like formation along the field to
Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are natural lipid transporter in human plasma whose chemically modified forms contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases accounting for a vast majority of deaths in westernized civilizations. For the development of new treatment strategies, it is important to have a detailed picture of LDL nanoparticles on a molecular basis. Through
The coordination chemistry of the structural zinc ion in horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase has been examined by quantum chemical geometry optimisations. It is shown that all four cysteine ligands are deprotonated in the enzyme, not only two of them as has been suggested. The Zn-S bond lengths are very sensitive to the theoretical treatment; in vacuum they are predicted to be 15 pm longer than in t
Introduction In the context of public transportation, just as in many parts of society, the level of organizational complexity has increased over the last twenty years. Due to structural reforms and policy adjustments, responsibilities for the public transportation system in Sweden have become increasingly divided between a variety of public and private actors, thus fragmenting the organizational
In this work, a method has been developed to easily determine the effective diffusion coefficient (D-e) of a solute in a permeable membrane using electronic speckle pattern interferometry. Fringes are introduced parallel to the direction of diffusion during the diffusion process and D-e can be calculated by simple measurements on the interference pattern. For a fast and convenient determination of
This report presents the addition of camber to a previously published semi-empirical tire model by the same authors. The model combines empirical models for pure braking, cornering and cambering to a model for simultaneous braking, cornering and cambering. It is based on brush-model tire mechanics and aims to offer an easy-to-use accurate model for vehicle handling-simulations. The proposed model
The integration and synthesis of the data in different areas of science is drastically slowed and hindered by a lack of standards and networking programmes. Long-term studies of individually marked animals are not an exception. These studies are especially important as instrumental for understanding evolutionary and ecological processes in the wild. Furthermore, their number and global distributio
This study attempts to reconcile competing positions in an important debate about the relationship between regime type and human development. We contend that this empirical relationship is contingent upon issues of conceptualization and measurement in democracy. First, the relationship is more likely to be perceived when democracy is measured in a nuanced fashion, taking account of gradations of d
AIM: The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society guidelines aim to standardize perioperative care in colorectal surgery via 25 principles. We aimed to assess the variation in uptake of these principles across an international network of colorectal units.METHOD: An online survey was circulated amongst European Society of Coloproctology members in 2019-2020. For each ERAS principle, responde
The Fukushima nuclear disaster posed food safety risks on an unprecedented scale in Japan. In its immediate aftermath, information on the scale and the extent of the contamination of the food chain was scarce. Facing an anxious public, the government was tasked with defining and ensuring food safety amidst uncertainty. Via three case studies spanning from 2011 to 2020, this article draws on risk c
The higher efficiency and higher availability (fault-tolerant oriented) of RF & Cavity system (with beam loading) to operate at, the more dynamic details needs to be identified, so as to have the abilities (a) to work at nonlinearities, (b) to work close to limitation, and (c) to change operation point quickly and correctly. Dynamic detail identifications rely heavily on high precision measuri
An increasing proportion of penicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (PSSA) has been reported over the last years. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare penicillin G with cloxacillin in the treatment of PSSA bloodstream infections. The primary outcome was the mortality rate after 90 days and the secondary outcome was the development of treatment complications of varying severity.
A previously proposed finite element model that considers geometric and material nonlinearities and the free boundary problems that occur at the catheter tip and in the annular zone around the lateral surface of the catheter was revised and was used to fit a power-law formula to predict backflow length during infusions into brain tissue. Compared to a closed-form solution based on linear elasticit
Purpose: At the inception of the Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management (JHLSCM), logistics coordination was identified as important, both in practice and research, but few studies on the topic had been published. Ten years later, many, if not most, papers in the journal mention the topic. So the picture has changed, but to what extent? This paper discusses how coordination
Background: Correct preoperative estimation of the malignant extent is crucial for optimal planning of breast cancer surgery. The sensitivity of mammography is lower in dense breasts, and additional imaging techniques are sometimes warranted. Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) has shown similar sensitivity and in some cases better specificity, than magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in small, obser
