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Sediment records recovered from the Baltic Sea during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 347 provide a unique opportunity to study paleoenvironmental and climate change in central and northern Europe. Such studies contribute to a better understanding of how environmental parameters change in continental shelf seas and enclosed basins. Here we present a multi-proxy-based reconstruction of
The springtime transition to regional-scale onset of photosynthesis and net ecosystem carbon uptake in boreal and tundra ecosystems are linked to the soil freeze-thaw state. We present evidence from diagnostic and inversion models constrained by satellite fluorescence and airborne CO2 from 2012 to 2014 indicating the timing and magnitude of spring carbon uptake in Alaska correlates with landscape
Avhandlingen redovisar en undersökning av samspelet mellan människor i samhällsliv, näringsliv och rättsprocesser, varigenom författaren kartlagt förutsättningarna för enskilda att aktivera civilrättsliga instrument i syfte att främja en utveckling i linje med normer som återspeglas i FNs hållbarhetsmål enligt Agenda 2030.The dissertation is the result of a study of private law viewed as a source This dissertation is the result of a study of private law viewed as a source of power for individuals to enhance values they favour. As an appropriate example of such values, the study has focused on current norms that have been recognized and mirrored as sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the UN Agenda 2030. The research question asks why and under which conditions it is possible for individ
The sector of residential buildings and service organizations uses 36% of the total energy in Sweden. In June 2006, it was decided by the Swedish parliament that the energy use in residential buildings and premises should decrease by 20% per heated unit area before 2020. To reach this goal, more energy efficient buildings must be produced as well as energy efficient improvements must be performed
IMPORTANCE In age-related macular degeneration (AMD), rare variants in the complement system have been described, but their functional consequences remain largely unexplored. OBJECTIVES To identify new rare variants in complement genes and determine the functional effect of identified variants on complement levels and complement regulation in serum samples from carriers and noncarriers. DESIGN, SE
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund Den kroniska ögonsjukdomen grön starr (glaukom) skadar ögats synnerv och påverkar den perifera synen (synfältet) hos de som drabbas. I västvärlden är grön starr den näst vanligaste orsaken till blindhet enligt Världshälsoorganisationen WHO. I Sverige räknar man med att cirka 70 000 personer över 70 år har grön starr, men att endast hälften av dessa är kända föThis thesis addresses several aspects of glaucoma diagnostics from both a clinical and a screening perspective. New instruments for diagnosing glaucoma have been developed over the past years, but little information is available regarding their performance as screening methods and their usefulness in ordinary clinical practice. Purpose of the research underlying this thesis The objectives of th
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a disorder in which, despite the presence of islet antibodies at diagnosis of diabetes, the progression of autoimmune ß-cell failure is slow. LADA patients are therefore not insulin requiring, at least during the first 6 months after diagnosis of diabetes. Among patients with phenotypic type 2 diabetes, LADA occurs in 10% of individuals older than 35
Aims: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) constitute a high-risk with adverse clinical outcomes. We aimed to investigate the cardiovascular outcomes following myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and results: This nationwide, Danish register-based follow-up study includes all patients experiencing an MI between 2000 and 2017. Patients with and without PAD were compared. Multivariable logistic regressio
The 2015 Paris Agreement encourages stakeholders to implement sustainable forest management policies to mitigate anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). The net effects of forest management on the climate and the environment are, however, still not completely understood, partially as a result of a lack of long-term measurements of GHG fluxes in managed forests. During the period 2010–20The 2015 Paris Agreement encourages stakeholders to implement sustainable forest management policies to mitigate anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). The net effects of forest management on the climate and the environment are, however, still not completely understood, partially as a result of a lack of long-term measurements of GHG fluxes in managed forests.During the period 2010–2013,
Background Diabetes has been defined on the basis of different biomarkers, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test (2hOGTT), and HbA(1c). We assessed the effect of different diagnostic definitions on both the population prevalence of diabetes and the classification of previously undiagnosed individuals as having diabetes versus not having diabet
Importance Active perinatal care increases survival of extremely preterm infants; however, improved survival might be associated with increased disability among survivors. Objective To determine neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely preterm children at 2.5 years (corrected age). Design, Setting, and Participants Population-based prospective cohort of consecutive extremely preterm infants born be
In recent years, low-cost flights to smaller cities in Central and Eastern Europe grew fast. This growth offered tourists new possibilities to explore new, lesser-known destinations at a low price. At the same time, urban tourism is a common strategy for urban regeneration and development in Central and Eastern Europe, and therefore, a significant factor of the economic restructuring of Post-Socia
As the interest in greenwashing as a strategy for marketing increases, monitoring institutions in Sweden have not failed to acknowledge the tendency of unwarranted and exaggerated statements that has left the impression of products or services without any legitimate support. Even as institutions have voiced their active engagement in tackling this problem, critique has been raised arguing that gre
At Tampere in 1999, the principle of mutual recognition was declared the cornerstone of criminal law cooperation within the European Union. The idea was that a Member State shall recognise a judicial decision in criminal matters taken by a judicial authority in another Member State as if the decision had been taken by one of its own judicial authorities. The argument put forward was that mutual reÖmsesidigt erkännande utsågs till hörnstenen i det straffrättsliga samarbetet inom the europeiska unionen i Tammerfors (Tampere) 1999. Tanken är att en medlemsstat ska erkänna ett juridiskt beslut fattat av en behörig instans i en annan medlemsstat som om beslutet var fattat av en av statens egna behöriga instanser. Det huvudsakliga argumentet för ömsesidigt erkännande var att det skulle medföra e
Det finansiella systemet spelar en central roll i ekonomin. Särskilt banker innehar en viktig roll i allokeringen av finansiella resurser och intar en central position i betalningsmekanismen för hushåll, företag och myndigheter. Störningar i enskilda finansiella institut kan snabbt spridas till övriga institut och till det finansiella systemet som helhet. En krissituation kan snabbt radera förtroeThe financial system plays a central role in the economy. In particular banks play a key role in the allocation of financial resources and occupies a central position in the payment mechanism for households, businesses and governments. Disruptions in individual financial institutions can quickly spread to other institutions and to the financial system as a whole. A crisis can further quickly erase
Prostitution as a construction - The social worker in the tension between society and the individual Discussions about prostitution seems to be of large interest for different feminist groups. The main discussions are about whether people sell sex as a result of free will, or if prostitution is a part of patriarchal structures, and that people selling sex, have been forced to do so in one way, or
Aim: The aim was to identify the primary drivers of compositional change in breeding bird assemblages over a 40-year period. Location: Britain. Time period: From 1970 to 2010. Major taxa studied: Birds. Methods: Using morphological trait measurements and a dataset of presence–absence data for British breeding birds surveyed in 10 km × 10 km hectads during two time periods, we calculated temporal t
ObjectiveMepolizumab proved to be an efficacious treatment for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) at a dose of 300 mg every 4 weeks in the randomized, controlled MIRRA trial. In a few recently reported studies, successful real-life experiences with the approved dose for treating severe eosinophilic asthma (100 mg every 4 weeks) were observed. We undertook this study to assess the
Background: Multivariable prediction models are used in oral health care to identify individuals with an increased likelihood of caries increment. The outcomes of the models should help to manage individualized interventions and to determine the periodicity of service. The objective was to review and critically appraise studies of multivariable prediction models of caries increment. Methods: Longi
Background: Hypertension is the leading risk factor for cerebral small vessel disease. We aimed to determine whether antihypertensive drug classes differentially affect microvascular function in people with small vessel disease. Methods: We did a multicentre, open-label, randomised crossover trial with blinded endpoint assessment at five specialist centres in Europe. We included participants aged
