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In this paper we empirically test the role of firm-specific financial characteristics as drivers of international investment and production. We hypothesize that financial strength generates advantages that can be exploited through cross-border investment activity. The hypothesis is tested in a series of binary-response models, using a sample of 1379 European non-financial firms' international acqu
This article argues that the body of foreign direct investment (FDI) literature in general and the ownership, location, and internalization (OLI) paradigm in particular would be enriched if finance-specific factors are explicitly incorporated as drivers of FDI. We suggest that financial strategies involving factors such as debt/equity swaps or equity listings in foreign equity markets affect the f
Researchers from Sweden (IIIEE, Lund University) and the US (Enervee) have found that minimum energy per-formance standards (MEPS) for home appliances are an effective alternative to stand-alone carbon pricing. A modest tightening of MEPS is already sufficient to account for climate externalities. For several appliances, carbon prices would have to increase manifold to provide the same incentives
Följderna av narkotikamissbruk kostar samhället stora summor pengar varje år. Att beräkna den exakta storleken på dessa summor är omöjligt, eftersom stora delar av den narkotikarelaterade verksamheten är olaglig. De kostnadsberäkningar man kan göra blir ungefärliga uppskattningar. Ändå är det viktigt att försöka, eftersom den kunskap man har om kostnaderna för narkotikamissbrukets konsekvenser utg
This paper analyzes the impact of variables suggested by the trade-off theory and the pecking order theory, on publicly listed Swedish firms in a sample period of 8 years, ranging from 2003-2010. Also the relationship between leverage and weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is studied for the same set of firms and time periods. The model used is based on panel regression with fixed and random
This paper presents a database with the probably most up-to date and reliable consumer price indices for a large sample of European countries since 1870. The database is a compilation but a contribution by going back to original or ignored works. For some Eastern European countries, where CPIs have been missing, new provisional indices are constructed. It critically examines historical CPIs in oft
Background: There is an internal belief within Axis that despite their products’ relatively high initial price, the total cost of ownership (TCO) of an Axis camera solution is lower than that of other brands. However, there is no internal research or tools to verify if it is true. Without this, Axis is unable to communicate their belief in an educated and quantifiable way, which is desired in
Purpose The purpose is to increase the IKEA knowledge regarding production of custom made worktops at two German suppliers, providing an action plan for the suppliers of how to increase product quality as well as calculating the potential cost savings and the product cost structure. Methodology The project is performed as two case studies, where both qualitative and quantitative data has been obta
Recent studies have uncovered an abundance of non-neutral cytoplasmic genetic variation within species, which suggests that we should no longer consider the cytoplasm an idle intermediary of evolutionary change. Nonneutrality of cytoplasmic genomes is particularly intriguing, given that these genomes are maternally transmitted. This means that the fate of any given cytoplasmic genetic mutation is
This paper focuses on the role of corporate financial strategies to improve their market valuations and lower their cost of capital. The identification of successful strategies is accomplished within an overall strategic framework. The paper is built on 12 longitudinal case studies from the Nordic countries to illustrate the linkages between business strategy, firm motivation, and various financia
Many cocoa farmers, despite their crucial role for the production of chocolate and other cocoa products that many consumers enjoy, struggle to earn a decent income and improve their livelihoods. This thesis analyses the impact of the Living Income Differential, a fixed 400$ price markup added to the per-tonne cocoa price, on the position of Ghanaian farmers in the global value chain. Based on the
The housing shortage and particularly the lack of rented apartments in Sweden is a well debated and recognized problem. Each year Boverket establishes a housing market survey answered by the Swedish municipalities to get information about the local housing markets in the country. According to the survey of 2011, 80 percent of the municipalities have a shortage of rental properties. Of the total co
All modern firms need access to capital markets at the lowest possible cost. Today's investors want to be able to increase or decrease their ownership rapidly, at low transaction costs and they demand return compensation for the trading costs they meet. This means that the price of the firm's security will reflect its share liquidity characteristics. Consequently liquidity-increasing financial inv
BACKGROUND/AIM: High morbidity and mortality rates, chronic course of disease and numerous clinical complications, make diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 bear significant financial burden for healthcare system of Serbia. The aim of this study was to compare true disease-related expenses measured in the random sample of patients originating from the Central Serbia in 2007 and national estimate of total
Introduction: Life-history theory predicts that organisms trade off survival against reproduction. However, the time scales on which various consequences become evident and the physiology mediating the cost of reproduction remain poorly understood. Yet, explaining not only which mechanisms mediate this trade-off, but also how fast or slow the mechanisms act, is crucial for an improved understandin
Popular Abstract in Swedish Inom en art finns individer av olika kvalitet dvs. med olika förmåga att föra sina gener vidare till nästa generation. Förutom genetiska skillnader, kan sådana kvalitetsskillnader bero på miljömässigt orsakad variation. Av speciellt intresse är effekter som uppstår genom att den tidiga uppväxtmiljön varierar. Dessa effekter har föreslagits vara av vikt för fåglars överlVariation in growth conditions during ontogeny may result in permanent differences in individual quality. This thesis focuses on how starlings are affected by environmental variation during the nestling period. Both landscape differences in food availability and experimental food supplementation affected survival and growth of nestlings. During benign conditions, nestlings reached a larger morphol
The introduction of biologics has changed treatment patterns as well as costs in patients with psoriasis. This study was performed to estimate direct and indirect costs of the psoriasis population in Sweden, and to analyse changes in costs between 2006 and 2009. The study population was identified in national registers. Direct costs included health care visits with primary psoriasis diagnoses in s
