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Background: There is an internal belief within Axis that despite their products’ relatively high initial price, the total cost of ownership (TCO) of an Axis camera solution is lower than that of other brands. However, there is no internal research or tools to verify if it is true. Without this, Axis is unable to communicate their belief in an educated and quantifiable way, which is desired in

Purpose The purpose is to increase the IKEA knowledge regarding production of custom made worktops at two German suppliers, providing an action plan for the suppliers of how to increase product quality as well as calculating the potential cost savings and the product cost structure. Methodology The project is performed as two case studies, where both qualitative and quantitative data has been obta

Many cocoa farmers, despite their crucial role for the production of chocolate and other cocoa products that many consumers enjoy, struggle to earn a decent income and improve their livelihoods. This thesis analyses the impact of the Living Income Differential, a fixed 400$ price markup added to the per-tonne cocoa price, on the position of Ghanaian farmers in the global value chain. Based on the

The housing shortage and particularly the lack of rented apartments in Sweden is a well debated and recognized problem. Each year Boverket establishes a housing market survey answered by the Swedish municipalities to get information about the local housing markets in the country. According to the survey of 2011, 80 percent of the municipalities have a shortage of rental properties. Of the total co

Recent studies have uncovered an abundance of non-neutral cytoplasmic genetic variation within species, which suggests that we should no longer consider the cytoplasm an idle intermediary of evolutionary change. Nonneutrality of cytoplasmic genomes is particularly intriguing, given that these genomes are maternally transmitted. This means that the fate of any given cytoplasmic genetic mutation is

This paper focuses on the role of corporate financial strategies to improve their market valuations and lower their cost of capital. The identification of successful strategies is accomplished within an overall strategic framework. The paper is built on 12 longitudinal case studies from the Nordic countries to illustrate the linkages between business strategy, firm motivation, and various financia

BACKGROUND/AIM: High morbidity and mortality rates, chronic course of disease and numerous clinical complications, make diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 bear significant financial burden for healthcare system of Serbia. The aim of this study was to compare true disease-related expenses measured in the random sample of patients originating from the Central Serbia in 2007 and national estimate of total

All modern firms need access to capital markets at the lowest possible cost. Today's investors want to be able to increase or decrease their ownership rapidly, at low transaction costs and they demand return compensation for the trading costs they meet. This means that the price of the firm's security will reflect its share liquidity characteristics. Consequently liquidity-increasing financial inv

Introduction: Life-history theory predicts that organisms trade off survival against reproduction. However, the time scales on which various consequences become evident and the physiology mediating the cost of reproduction remain poorly understood. Yet, explaining not only which mechanisms mediate this trade-off, but also how fast or slow the mechanisms act, is crucial for an improved understandin

Popular Abstract in Swedish Inom en art finns individer av olika kvalitet dvs. med olika förmåga att föra sina gener vidare till nästa generation. Förutom genetiska skillnader, kan sådana kvalitetsskillnader bero på miljömässigt orsakad variation. Av speciellt intresse är effekter som uppstår genom att den tidiga uppväxtmiljön varierar. Dessa effekter har föreslagits vara av vikt för fåglars överlVariation in growth conditions during ontogeny may result in permanent differences in individual quality. This thesis focuses on how starlings are affected by environmental variation during the nestling period. Both landscape differences in food availability and experimental food supplementation affected survival and growth of nestlings. During benign conditions, nestlings reached a larger morphol

Previous studies have presented divergent estimates of the cost of illness of COPD due to differences in methodology. The objective of this study was to examine differences between register-based estimates versus population-based estimates on the burden of COPD. This study therefore examined differences in costs of COPD among physician-diagnosed and un-diagnosed subjects. During a one-year period,

Background: Four principles are used to distribute payments via the Swedish social-insurance system in cases of temporary or permanent illness and death. This paper studies the redistributive effects on income of these four principles. Methods: The analysis is based on aggregate social-insurance data from the 25 municipalities that comprise Stockholm County in Sweden. For nine different types of s

The introduction of biologics has changed treatment patterns as well as costs in patients with psoriasis. This study was performed to estimate direct and indirect costs of the psoriasis population in Sweden, and to analyse changes in costs between 2006 and 2009. The study population was identified in national registers. Direct costs included health care visits with primary psoriasis diagnoses in s

Viable city logistics are built on a sound business model that considers the financial viability and performance, and the role of externalities and stakeholders. To this end, the purpose of this dissertation is to increase understanding of how a business model can contribute to achieving viable city logistics initiatives.The research presented is qualitative and consists of three studies and five

Just nu pågår en omfattande global energiomställning mot en ökad andel förnybar energi för att minska koldioxidutsläppen och motverka de negativa klimatförändringarna. I denna energiomställning har grön vätgas pekats ut som en viktig pusselbit på grund dess potential till att minska koldioxidutsläppen enormt genom att användas i stora mängder inom bland annat stålindustri, jordbruk och transportseThis master's thesis explores the potential of integrating floating wind power into Power-to-X (P2X) megaprojects, with a focus on maximizing the output of chemical energy carriers through optimal energy mix strategies. The study evaluates the economic viability and technological efficiency of combining floating wind turbines with photovoltaic panels and battery energy storage systems (BESS) i

Background: Information about cost of multiple sclerosis (MS) is available from a number of European countries, but no data from the Czech Republic have been published so far. Objective: The objective of this study was to establish the cost of MS in the Czech Republic, overall and by level of disease severity. Methods: Data on demographics, disease history, resource consumption and production loss

Although previously disputed, it is now clear that the demands from avian incubation put parents under considerable energetic stress, sometimes to an extent where the costs of incubation constrain clutch size evolution. However, the behavioural mechanisms involved in manifesting such costs remain largely unknown. We manipulated the demands of incubation by enlarging and reducing clutch size during

The aim of this study was to determine the threshold of fracture probability at which interventions become cost-effective. We modeled the effects of a treatment costing $500/year, given for 5 years, that decreased the risk of all osteoporotic fractures by 35%, followed by a waning of effect for 5 years. Sensitivity analyses included a range of effectiveness (10%-50%) and a range of intervention co