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BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota have been implicated in atherosclerotic disease, but their relation with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis is unclear. This study aimed to identify associations between the gut microbiome and computed tomography-based measures of coronary atherosclerosis and to explore relevant clinical correlates.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 8973 participants (50
Declining birthrates and infertility are now a common problem in the Western World. Due to the tendency to postpone childbearing an increasing age of women who consider motherhood is generally seen. A factor closely related to female fertility is the ovarian reserve, a term used to designate both quantitative as well as qualitative aspects of the remaining gametes in the female gonads. Despite a n
According to article 37(b) of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), a deprivation of liberty of a child must be ''lawful'', ''non-arbitrary'', used as a ''measure of last resort only'' and ''for the shortest appropriate period of time''. Measures that contain deprivations of liberty shall be used in exceptional cases, as sa
The Chernobyl catastrophe is still referred to as the biggest radioactivity fallout problem in the history of the world. The cloud that was released from the broken reactor travelled across larger parts of the European continent and the after-effects of the radiation are said to be felt and faced throughout the impacted regions up to this day – and that this process is far from over. This thesis
Considering the growing importance of environmental issues on the international political scene, the question arises as to how these issues are incorporated into the agenda and procedures of international organizations (IOs) and institutions. The World Trade Organization (WTO) - one of the largest IOs – has to handle a strong mandatory connection to global trade as well as an increasing environmen
Renovating the European building stock has for almost two decades been a matter of importance to the European Union. Reduction of energy use for existing buildings can be achieved through applying energy efficiency renovation measures. Besides this, there is quite a large renovation need in Sweden due to building materials and services reaching (or having passed) the end of their service life.Inco
Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells that might play contradictory roles during HIV-1 infection, contributing not only to antiviral immunity but also to viral dissemination and immune evasion. Although DCs are characterized by enormous functional diversity, it has not been analyzed how differentially programmed DCs interact with HIV-1. We have previously described the reprogra
To elucidate the etiology of type 1 diabetes, the affected pancreas needs to be thoroughly characterized. Pancreatic innervation has been suggested to be involved in the pathology of the disease and a reduction of sympathetic innervation of the islets was recently reported. In the present study, we hypothesized that parasympathetic innervation would be altered in the type 1 diabetes pancreas. Huma
The ego depletion effect has been examined by over 300 independent studies during the past two decades. Despite its pervasive influence, recently this effect has been severely challenged and asserted to be a fake. Based on an up-to-date meta-analysis that examined the effectiveness of each frequently used depleting task, we preregistered the current experiment with the aim to examine whether there
Objective: Previous research has indicated that components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), such as hyperglycemia and hypertension, are negatively associated with cognition. However, evidence that MetS itself is related to cognitive performance has been inconsistent. This longitudinal study investigates whether MetS or its components affect cognitive decline in aging men and whether any interacti
Bibliometric indicators are increasingly used to fund and evaluate scientific research. Since the number of authors in a paper and the number of has increased it is difficult to determine the individual contribution of authors. Suggested approaches include the study of author position or the corresponding author. Our findings show that the corresponding author is most likely to appear first and th
A lasting legacy of the International Polar Year (IPY) 2007-2008 was the promotion of the Permafrost Young Researchers Network (PYRN), initially an IPY outreach and education activity by the International Permafrost Association (IPA). With the momentum of IPY, PYRN developed into a thriving network that still connects young permafrost scientists, engineers, and researchers from other disciplines.
Purpose: According to the 2017 St Gallen surrogate definitions of the intrinsic subtypes, Ki67, progesterone receptor (PR) and Nottingham histological grade (NHG) are used for prognostic classification of estrogen receptor (ER) positive/HER2-negative breast cancer into luminal A- or luminal B-like. The aim of the present study was to investigate if additional biomarkers, related to endocrine signa
The role of chemotherapy (CHX) in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) has been expanding. Although combination chemotherapy regimens regularly produce significantly high response rates, meta-analyses show little benefit regarding final outcome. One way to improve induction CHX is to improve drug combinations and schedules for CHX. Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most active drugs i
This dissertation provides new insights on creativity and the lives of creative people, by availing of unique data-sets covering the lives, works and emotional states of famous music composers. The underlying research documents the long-run persistence of a society’s preference towards cultural goods and shows that the geography of composer births displays remarkable continuity over a period of se
K-pop is one of South Korea’s most famous cultural phenomena, and this thesis will delve into its impact outside of Korea‘s borders. The paper briefly discusses the background of the Korean Wave, and then dives right into the cultural form of K-pop and its connection with cultural diplomacy and soft power. The main focus of the thesis is to discuss the foreign perceptions of K-pop and that is done
Cutting-edge technology needs small, ultrafast devices, operational in a wide range of regimes. This calls for solids with novel, unconventional and tailorable properties. Great progress is expected from materials in which electron-electron and electron-phonon correlations strongly affect the dynamics ( i.e. "unforeseen" useful properties are expected to be most likely found in systems with comple
