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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate the effects of changes in both quantity and quality of use of social networking sites (SNS) on measures of anxiety, depression, stress, self-esteem, loneliness, problematic social media use, and present focused awareness. Method: Participants were randomly assigned to three different conditions: reducing SNS time to 30 minut

Experimental aerosol generation methods aim to represent natural processes; however, the complexity is not always captured and unforeseen variability may be introduced into the data. The current practices for natural and experimental aerosol generation techniques are reviewed here. Recommendations for best practice are presented, and include characterization of starting material and spray fluid, r

Introduction: Fetal growth restriction is a major risk factor for adverse perinatal outcome. As most of the growth-restricted fetuses are small for gestational age (SGA), an efficient antenatal screening method for SGA fetuses would have a major impact on perinatal health. The aim of this study was to compare the SGA prediction rate achieved with third-trimester routine ultrasound estimation of fe

The emergence of fourth-generation synchrotrons is prompting the development of new systems for experimental control and data acquisition. However, as general control systems are designed to cover a wide set of instruments and techniques, they tend to become large and complicated, at the cost of experimental flexibility. Here we present Contrast, a simple Python framework for interacting with beam

Background In cohorts with voluntary participation, participants may not be representative of the underlying population, leading to distorted estimates. If the relevant sources of selective participation are observed, it is however possible to restore the representativeness by reweighting the sample to resemble the target population. So far, few studies in epidemiology have applied reweighting bas

BACKGROUND: Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are of great help when researchers try to understand the nature of causal relationships and the consequences of conditioning on different variables. One fundamental feature of causal relations that has not been incorporated into the standard DAG framework is interaction, i.e. when the effect of one variable (on a chosen scale) depends on the value that an

Exposure to air pollution is associated with adverse health effects in humans, with special concern for exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The physicochemical properties of aerosols impact the health effects. Considering that we spend approximately 90% of our time indoors, it is important to gain increased understanding of indoor aerosol concentrations and properties. The overall aim of

Background: In any study with voluntary participation, self-selection risks leading to invalid conclusions. If the determinants of selection are observed, it is however possible to restore the parameters of interest by reweighting the sample to match the population, but this approach has seldom been applied in epidemiological research. Methods: We reweighted the Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) study b

Aims: To investigate potential differences between participants and dropouts in the 2005 follow-up of the Scania Public Health Cohort Study regarding the prevalence of commonly studied health determinants and whether these factors had differential associations with three health outcomes: all-cause mortality and purchase of prescribed cardiovascular or psychotropic drugs during a 10-year follow-up

Introduction Children with appendicitis often present with complicated disease. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical management of pediatric appendicitis, and to report how disease severity and operative modality are associated with short- and long-term risks of adverse outcome. Materials and Methods A nationwide retrospective cohort study of all Swedish children (<18 years) diagnose

OBJECTIVES: To investigate known and suggested risk factors associated with cerebral palsy in a Swedish birth cohort, stratified by gestational age. SETTING: Information on all births between 1995 and 2014 in Skåne, the southernmost region in Sweden, was extracted from the national birth register. PARTICIPANTS: The cohort comprised a total of 215 217 children. Information on confirmed cerebral pal

When analyzing effect heterogeneity, the researcher commonly opts for stratification or a regression model with interactions. While these methods provide valuable insights, their usefulness can be somewhat limited, since they typically fail to take into account heterogeneity with respect to many dimensions simultaneously, or give rise to models with complex appearances. Based on the potential outc

Background and Objectives: The risk of cerebral palsy (CP) is high in preterm infants and is often accompanied by additional neurodevelopmental comorbidities. The present study describes lifetime prevalence of CP in a population-based prospective cohort of children born extremely preterm, including the type and severity of CP and other comorbidities (ie, developmental delay and/or cognitive impair

Introduction Given that in developed countries we spend about 65% of our time in private homes (Brasche et al. 2005), understanding the exposures in homes is of outmost importance. Airborne particle concentrations indoors can be affected by particles of indoor and outdoor origins, as well as physico-chemical processes indoors, outdoor infiltration affected by tightness of the building envelope and

Particulate air pollution is one of the major causes of premature death in the world, and combustion-derived soot emissions contribute strongly to the particulate pollution to which humans are exposed. Black carbon (BC) is one such emission and denotes soot with strong light absorption in the ultraviolet to infrared spectrum. Combustion can also generate brown carbon (BrC) particles, with absorpti

We present ICARUS, a versatile graphical search tool to query dependency treebanks. Search results can be inspected both quantitatively and qualitatively bymeans of frequency lists, tables, or dependency graphs. ICARUS also ships with plugins that enable it to interface with tool chains running either locally or remotely.