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Improvement of road traffic safety is an important policy issue. Various categories of meas-ures are available to effectuate this. The thesis focuses on two categories: road infrastructure and driv-ing assistance systems. A relevant policy question is if certain driving assistance systems may be de-sirable substitutes for infrastructure measures, in terms of traffic safety effects and other releva

Aims: To establish a cardiac cell culture model for simulated ischemia and reperfusion and in this model investigate the impact of simulated ischemia and reperfusion on expression of the calcium handling proteins FKBP12 and FKBP12.6, and intracellular calcium dynamics. Methods: HL-1 cell cultures were exposed to normoxia (as control), hypoxia, simulated ischemia (HEDA) or HEDA + reactive oxygen sp

Oxidative stress is emerging as a key factor underpinning life history and the expression of sexually selected traits. Resolving the role of oxidative stress in life history and sexual selection requires a pluralistic approach, which investigates how age affects the relationship between oxidative status (i.e., antioxidants and oxidative damage) and the multiple traits contributing to variation in

Thirty-two different basidiomycete isolates were inoculated separately into contaminated soil and the soil colonization ability was assessed visually. Large differences in the colonization ability and growth patterns were found between the different fungi. Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) were extracted from the soils of the seven isolates with the best colonizing ability. All PLFAs that were not

Ten rhenium carbonyl complexes-[Re(H)(CO)(3)(1a)], [Re-3(mu-H)(3)(CO)(10) (1a)], [Re-2(CO)(9)(2a)], [Re-2(CO)(8)(2a)], [Re-2(CO)(9)(2b)], [{Re-2(CO)(9)}(2)(2b)], [Re-2 (CO)(8)(2b)], [Re-2(CO)(8)(1b)], [Re-2(mu-H)(2)(CO)(6)(2b)] and [Re-3(mu-H)(3)(CO)(11)(2b)]-containing different bidentate chiral phosphine ligands of the Josiphos (1a, 1b) and Walphos (2a, 2b) families have been synthesized and ful

3,7-Dimethylpentadecan-2-ol and 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol were identified in female whole body extracts from the two pine sawfly species Gilpinia frutetorum and Gilpinia socia. This is the first observation of 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol in extracts of a female pine sawfly species. Synthetic and highly pure stereoisomers of 3,7-dimethylpentadecan-2-ol and 3-methylpentadecan-2-ol were used to verify that

Background and purpose The remodeling of morselized bone grafts in revision surgery can be enhanced by an anabolic substance such as a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). On the other hand, BMPs boost catabolism and might cause a premature resorption, both of the graft and of the new-formed bone. Bisphosphonates inactivate osteoclasts and can be used to control the resorption. We studied a combinati

Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) are valuable enzymes for specific oxyfunctionalization chemistry. They catalyze the oxidation of ketones to esters, but are also capable of oxidizing other chemical functions, namely aldehydes and heteroatoms such as sulfur, nitrogen, selenium and boron. The oxidation specificity and enantioselectivity of a newly characterized BVMO (BVMO4) from a strain of Di

TERT-locus SNPs and leukocyte telomere measures are reportedly associated with risks of multiple cancers. Using the Illumina custom genotyping array iCOG, we analyzed similar to 480 SNPs at the TERT locus in breast (n = 103,991), ovarian (n = 39,774) and BRCA1 mutation carrier (n = 11,705) cancer cases and controls. Leukocyte telomere measurements were also available for 53,724 participants. Most

OBJECTIVE-The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium has collected type 1 diabetic families worldwide for genetic analysis. The major genetic determinants of type 1 diabetes are alleles at the HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 loci, with both susceptible and protective DR-DQ haplotypes present in all human populations. The aim of this study is to estimate the risk conferred by specific DR-DQ haplotypes and genotypes

Variable temperature photoemission studies in the literature have revealed the presence of a surface state above the Fermi level on clean Ge(001). We present photoemission and low energy electron diffraction results from Ge(001) obtained between 185 and 760 K. Our measurements show a peak above the Fermi level with a maximum intensity at a sample temperature of around 625 K. At higher temperatures

To investigate the association between metabolic risk factors (individually and in combination) and risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC).

The plant polysaccharide degradative potential of Aspergillus nidulans was analysed in detail and compared to that of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae using a combination of bioinformatics, physiology and transcriptomics. Manual verification indicated that 28.4% of the A. nidulans ORFs analysed in this study do not contain a secretion signal, of which 40% may be secreted through a non-clas

In 1994, acrylamide (AA) was classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In 2002, AA was discovered at relatively high concentrations in some starchy, plant-based foods cooked at high temperatures. A prospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between the dietary intake of AA and ductal adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreatic c

Efforts are currently directed towards improving the quality of sensitive tissues of fruits and vegetables after freezing and thawing. One of the methods under investigation is the combination of vacuum impregnation (VI) with cryoprotectants and pulsed electric field (PEF), applied to the plant tissue prior exposure to freezing. The influence of these processes on the freezing temperature and ice

Introduction An estimated 2.4 [1.8–3.2] million people in the WHO European Region now live with HIV, and none of the Region’s 53 countries have been spared. The epidemic is spreading most rapidly in western Europe among migrants and men who have sex with men, and in eastern Europe among male injecting drug users – and increasingly their sexual partners. This doctoral research investigates several