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OBJECTIVE: Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related protein (GITR) is expressed on CD4(+) effector memory T cells and regulatory T cells; however, its role on these functionally opposing cell types in atherosclerosis is not fully understood.APPROACH AND RESULTS: Low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice (Ldlr(-/-)) were lethally irradiated and reconstituted with e

Background: The recent expansion of immunotherapy for stage IIB/IIC melanoma highlights a growing clinical need to identify patients at high risk of metastatic recurrence and, therefore, most likely to benefit from this therapeutic modality. Objective: To develop time-to-event risk prediction models for melanoma metastatic recurrence. Methods: Patients diagnosed with stage I/II primary cutaneous m

Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for both trachoma and sexually transmitted infections, causing substantial morbidity and economic cost globally. Despite this, our knowledge of its population and evolutionary genetics is limited. Here we present a detailed phylogeny based on whole-genome sequencing of representative strains of C. trachomatis from both trachoma and lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV

According to our current cosmological model, galaxies like the Milky Way are expected to experience many mergers over their lifetimes. The most massive of the merging galaxies will be dragged towards the disc plane, depositing stars and dark matter into an accreted disc structure. In this work, we utilize the chemodynamical template developed in Ruchti et al. to hunt for accreted stars. We apply t

This thesis investigates advanced Swedish students’ development of three grammatical phenomena: subject-verb concord, prepositions and article use in compositions and translations. In order to describe the students’ development of these categories, actual errors are related to potential errors forming so called ‘error scores’. When the error score for the first test opportunity is compared with th

The Swedish model of industrial relations is analyzed with respect to some closely related dimensions: collective agreements - legislation, cooperation - confrontation, self-regulation - state regulation and centralisation - decentralisation. Both the historical development and the present state of the model are discussed. In an analytical table the dimension self-regulation - state regulation is

BACKGROUND Trials evaluating the omission of completion axillary-lymph-node dissection in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer and sentinel-lymph-node metastases have been compromised by limited statistical power, uncertain nodal radiotherapy target volumes, and a scarcity of data on relevant clinical subgroups. METHODS We conducted a noninferiority trial in which patients with cli

Background: The optimal timing of oral anticoagulation for prevention of early ischaemic stroke recurrence in people with acute ischaemic stroke and atrial fibrillation remains uncertain. We aimed to estimate the effects of starting a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) early (≤4 days) versus later (≥5 days) after onset of ischaemic stroke. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis we sea

The central component of the complement cascade, C3, is involved in various biological functions, including opsonization of foreign bodies, clearance of waste material, activation of immune cells, and triggering of pathways controlling development. Given its broad role in immune responses, particularly in phagocytosis and the clearance of microbes, a deficiency in complement C3 in humans is often

The concept of early vascular aging (EVA) was introduced to identify adults at risk of developing premature cardiovascular disease. EVA, or the dissociation between chronologic and biologic age of large arteries, is an evolving concept. In this review, we propose that EVA in youth characterizes the early life biological and environmental risk factors that precede overt EVA. During early infancy, c

Background: Persistent circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection during neoadjuvant treatment of early-breast cancer (EBC) indicates high-risk disease. Detection of ctDNA post-resection of EBC (molecular residual disease, MRD) indicates occult metastatic disease and impending disease relapse. For ctDNA to be integrated into EBC management, accessible and scalable diagnostic tools are requi

Rheumatoid arthritis-associated joint pain is frequently observed independent of disease activity, suggesting unidentified pain mechanisms. We demonstrate that antibodies binding to cartilage, specific for collagen type II (CII) or cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), elicit mechanical hypersensitivity in mice, uncoupled from visual, histological and molecular indications of inflammation. C

For women and children, especially those who are poor and disadvantaged, to benefit from primary health care, they need to access and use cost-effective interventions for maternal, newborn, and child health. The challenge facing weak health systems is how to deliver such packages. Experiences from countries such as Iran, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and China, and from projects in countries like Tanzania

We report the discovery from K2 of a transiting planet in an 18.25-d, eccentric (0.19 ± 0.04) orbit around K2-99, an 11th magnitude subgiant in Virgo. We con- firm the planetary nature of the companion with radial velocities, and determine that the star is a metal-rich ([Fe/H] = 0.20 ± 0.05) subgiant, with mass 1.60+0.14 -0.10 M⊙ and radius 3.1 ± 0.1 R⊙. The planet has a mass of 0.97 ± 0.09 MJup a

We announce the discovery of K2-139 b (EPIC 218916923 b), a transiting warm-Jupiter (Teq = 547± 25 K) on a 29-d orbit around an active (logR' HK =-4.46±0.06) K0V star in K2 Campaign 7.We derive the system's parameters by combining the K2 photometry with groundbased follow-up observations. With a mass of 0.387 -0.033+0.075 MJ and radius of 0.808 -0.033+0.034 RJ, K2-139 b is one of the transiting wa

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are known to contribute to immune evasion in cancer. However, the function of the human granulocytic (G)-MDSC subset during tumor progression is largely unknown, and there are no established markers for their identification in human tumor specimens. Using gene expression profiling, mass cytometry, and tumor microarrays, we here demonstrate that human G-MDSC

To provide a valid consent to – or refusal of – medical intervention, a patient must be legally capable to decide. This dissertation evaluates and compares when the assessment of mental abilities to refuse – or consent to – somatic medical intervention is required in England, Russia and Sweden, and what criteria must be applied to assess the ability to decide about somatic medical interventions in

Technical measurements allow an objective assessment of MSD risk factors at work. There is a need for common standards regarding data collection and processing, as well as an exchange platform storing measurement data of occupational physical activity and workload for further analysis. Several research institutes started a feasibility study to work on developing standards for assessment of risk fa