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This paper uses a new and detailed survey of cigar making employers and employees to investigate two related discrimination issues. First, were piece rate cigar makers – the skilled aristocracy of this industry – paid differently by gender? We find that they were, but that the differences can be more than explained by differences in characteristics such as age and experience. Second, we ask whethe

This paper describes regional support for art education at museums and galleries in Scania, Sweden, and its role in the overall education work undertaken at these institutions. The paper is exploratory to the extent that it describes a development in the field, and links this development to current research in the field of arts management, cultural economics and cultural policy research. Questions

In light of its foundation in a distinctively relational analysis of spaces, the term ‘urban political ecology’ (see Heynen, Kaika & Swyngedouw, 2006; Loftus, 2012) has always been much too simplistic to fully cover what this strands optimally points towards. Despite emphasising ‘urban’ as signifier, cities conceptualized as “dense networks of interwoven sociospatial processes that are simulta

Previous attempts to construct an integrative framework for personality psychology are primarily descriptions of what the field looks like today rather than analyses of its logical structure and therefore threaten to reify and perpetuate the current structure of the field. I aim here to draw attention to logically important points that may help to integrate the field and suggest potentially frui

There is a lack of quantitative data regarding exposure-response relationships between occupational risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders in the neck and shoulders. We explored such relationships in pooled data from a series of our cross-sectional studies. We recorded the prevalence of complaints/discomfort (Nordic Questionnaire) and diagnoses (physical examination) in 33 groups (24 female an

The strictly aerobic bacterium Vitreoscilla expresses a hemoglobin-like protein, VHb, when subjected to oxygen stress. When expressed in plants, this has several intriguing physiological effects, such as improving the overall growth rate, speeding germination and flowering, and increasing the productivity of certain oxygen-requiring metabolic pathways. Although the mechanisms behind the effects of

The focus of this paper is to explore better strategies for optimising bone strength and reducing risk of fracture, while at the same time decreasing risk of cardiovascular disease. The majority of Americans do not consume the current recommended dietary allowance for calcium, and the lifetime risk of osteoporosis is about 50%. However, traditional mononutrient calcium supplements may not be ideal

Coevolutionary interactions are thought to have spurred the evolution of key innovations and driven the diversification of much of life on Earth. However, the genetic and evolutionary basis of the innovations that facilitate such interactions remains poorly understood. We examined the coevolutionary interactions between plants (Brassicales) and butterflies (Pieridae), and uncovered evidence for an

High tibial osteotomy for medial gonarthrosis was performed in 28 patients (28 knees). At the time of surgery, arthroscopy was also performed and a cartilage-bone biopsy was obtained. Postoperatively, 15 patients were randomized to a cylinder plaster cast, whereas 13 patients had a hinged cast brace for early knee mobilization. At follow-up examination, two years after surgery, 16 patients accepte

Iran is a large country in the Middle East, which is an extremely arid region. Like its neighbors, severe droughts and population growth have intensified Iran’s water shortage problems in the past two decades. Furthermore, climate change has the potential to impose additional economic and social pressure on it and all Middle Eastern countries. Thus, how future climate change will interact with soc

The formation of the Cu-Bi2CaSr2Cu2O8 interface has been studied by photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. Photon energies in the range 20-1000 eV were utilized in order to probe both the valence band and to monitor chemical changes upon Cu deposition, as revealed by the core-level shifts. A strong chemical reaction between Bi2CaSr2Cu2O8 and Cu is manifested by the formation of me

Nonparametric efficiency analysis has become a widely applied technique to support industrial benchmarking as well as a variety of incentive-based regulation policies. In practice such exercises are often plagued by incomplete knowledge about the correct specifications of inputs and outputs. Simar and Wilson (Commun Stat Simul Comput 30(1):159–184, 2001) and Schubert and Simar (J Prod Anal 36(1):5

International refugee law is seen by many as constitutive for national refugee policy. Yet, as asylum has become politicized, many countries have adopted procedural and physical deterrence mechanisms to prevent refugees from accessing protection. The present article examines these policies, as well as the legal responses to them, as a critical case study for understanding the relationship between