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Ribonucleotide reductases (RNR) are key enzymes for transformation of RNA building blocks (NTPs) to DNA building blocks (dNTPs), an essential step in biological systems. RNRs are known to be the first enzymes identified with free radical chemistry and play an important role in having a tight control over dNTP levels, as these DNA building blocks are needed for vital cellular processes such as cell

The Normalized Vegetation Difference Index (NDVI) is frequently used as a surrogate for vegetation properties and is often correlated with climatic variables such as rainfall. However, studies have shown that conventional regression models used to study the spatial relationship between NDVI and rainfall are often plagued by non-stationarity and are scale dependent. This thesis employed a spatial d

From the Brexit Referendum in 2016, up until the Brexit transition period in 2020 and onwards, the regions of the United Kingdom underwent several renegotiations within trade agreements associated with the Brexit process and the consequent withdrawal from the European Union. This caused increasing levels of economic policy uncertainty within the United Kingdom, which accordingly acted as a spillov

Carbonatite is an unusual type of rock that, for a long time, were not accepted for what they really are. This group of rocks is now considered to be of igneous origin and is classified after its content of carbonate minerals. If it exceed 50% the rock will be named a carbonatite. This group of rocks can be found all over the world and two of these places, which this review will focus on, are the

This study contributes to the understanding of the labor market establishment of the first generation of migrants in Sweden. Sweden has for decades been a country which experienced net immigration, and it is a major recipient of refugees and migrants arriving for reasons of family reunion. Compared to other European countries, Sweden has one of the lowest employment levels among migrants. The stud

The principal aims of the present study were to examine the latent heat stress relieving capacity of drinking buttermilk and to observe the human gut microbiota in hot occupational condition. A human crossover intervention study with 12 volunteers was studied, each of them performed 3 hours of physical work in a heat chamber. During the working period, the volunteers were given buttermilk, water o

Spiders play a key role as predators in a wide range of terrestrial ecosystems. Their community composition is strongly affected by environmental gradients. The latitudinal diversity gradient concept states that diversity and species richness is negatively related to increasing latitude. This has been observed in spiders on a continental scale, but so far was not observed on a regional scale in Eu

The impacts of climate change are being seen within the estuarine environment through erosion and shoreline retreat, associated with sea-level rise and changes in storm activity. Restoration oyster reefs have been identified as a working-with-nature strategy to protect and restore these shoreline environments, stabilising sediment, and reducing erosion. Despite restoration projects already being i

This masters’ thesis in Sociology of Law is a study on the legal consciousness of state agents and private individuals working in the anti-piracy domain. The aim of the research is to examine the anti-piracy professionals’ level of training in and awareness of relevant laws. Understanding that the applicable hard and soft anti-piracy law is complex, and depicting the current level of legal trainin

Pancreatic beta cells play a critical role in type 2 diabetes (T2D) development and progression. Therefore, deciphering the full mechanism behind glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is of great interest. Glucose elicits insulin secretion by being metabolized to ATP, which closes the ATP-dependent K+ channel, leading to accumulation of positive charges inside the beta-cell, beta-cell depolarizatio

Tax avoidance has never been fought this aggressively. The EU drafted ATAD to follow the BEPS work and they chose a minimum directive as the legislative instrument. Principle of subsidiarity and the reasoned opinions of the Malta and Sweden are analysed to support the findings of the research. The Directive goes further than the previous case law on abusive situations, and this will be analysed in

This study explores two intertwined stages: a) the various processes contributing to Turkey’s and Israel’s historical development of national self-images and security cultures, b) how these conflictual dynamics and processes playing themselves out vis-à-vis two key conflict resolution initiatives taken in both countries. In order to study these stages, ontological security theory is applied to gra

Alkali metal atoms, especially sodium and potassium, show an intense fluorescence in hot flue gases. The bright fluorescence emitted by alkali metal atoms offers a large potential for spectroscopic combustion analysis. In this thesis, the temperature dependence of the two-component fluorescence intensity ratio Na/K, as well as the three-component ratio Na·Li/K2 was investigated in the flames with

Ecotourism has been touted globally as a tool that promotes sustainable development. Yet ecotourism and sustainable development are neither simple to define, nor straightforward in regards to their implementation. The aim of this thesis is to critically investigate ecotourism’s relationship to sustainable development. In doing so it develops its own conceptual framework on the sustainability goals

This study analyses the effect of an exogenous increase in Chinese imports on political views in 9 EU countries over the period 2000-2009 by exploiting initial regional variation in industry specialization of labour markets. The labour market data is combined with data on industry specific Chinese imports to create a measurement of region-specific exposure to import penetration. To avoid endogenei

Colombia is a country characterized by an intense internal armed conflict, which has its foundation in political instability followed by discontent among the population of the country. With the rise of drug lords, rebel groups, paramilitaries and army the conflict has continuously intensified towards the government, which has left countless of civilians displaced and vulnerable. The political corr

The EU has adopted to the anti-tax avoidance package to implement the OECD action plan on Base Erosion Profit Shifting. The Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive (ATAD) is a legislative element e of anti-tax avoidance package proposed by the Commission. The Directive stipulates anti-abusive rules and is designed to protect functioning of the internal market. The ATAD and its implementation has raised numbe

Inom matindustrin och djurfoderindustrin finns det stor potential för användning av tång som näringsrikt födoämne. Palmaria palmata (P. Palmata), eller i vardagligt tal, dulse är ett rött sjögräs med högt proteininnehåll (8-35%), som innehåller många mineraler som t.ex. jod och är rikt på fiber. Den vanligaste polysackariden i dulse är xylan. Vetenskapliga artiklar föreslår att xylan är delvis bun

The present study addresses the relationship between stunting and open defecation in India, 2015. The lack of proper sanitation allows pathogens to spread and generate fecal transmissible illnesses (FTIs), hence hampering the correct absorption of nutrients in the body and the consequent child’s development. The expectation is that a higher open defecation rate is associated with a higher stunting