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The world of Arda and the many stories set therein carry within them echoes of earlier tales, and even though it would be terribly reductive to discuss Tolkien’s work only in terms of its sources, knowledge of where the echoes come from contribute to our understanding and, perhaps more importantly, enjoyment of his world and stories. This is illustrated as much by the numerous university courses t
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Cytokines are essential for the prevention of microbial infections. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in infancy is associated with an increased risk of infection, and this could be related to altered cytokine production. The aim of the study was to determine if cytokine production is altered in monocytes from surgical infants receiving TPN. METHODS: There were 3 study groups: (
Platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGFB) is necessary for normal cardiovascular development, but the relative importance of different cellular sources of PDGFB has not been established. Using Cre-lox techniques, we show here that genetic ablation of Pdgfb in endothelial cells leads to impaired recruitment of pericytes to blood vessels. The endothelium-restricted Pdgfb knockout mutants also develop
We have computed the Galactic trajectories of 12 hypervelocity stars (HVSs) under the assumption that they originated in the Galactic Centre. We show that eight of these 12 stars are bound to the Galaxy. We consider the subsequent trajectories of the bound stars to compute their characteristic orbital period, which is 2 Gyr. All eight bound stars are moving away from the centre of the Galaxy, whic
A participatory methodology, based on dialogues between stakeholders and experts has been developed and tested in the drainage area to Kaggebo Bay in the Baltic Sea. This study is focused on the EU Water Framework Directive, with emphasis on reduction of eutrophication. The drainage area is included in the WFD administrative area of the Motala Strom River basin. A similar approach is now applied i
Purpose: This study described person–environment (P–E) fit and activities of daily living (ADLs) among older adults, and it explored the relationship between P–E fit and ADL dependence, testing Lawton's docility hypothesis at two points in time. Design and Methods: From a random sample of individuals aged 75–84 living in a Swedish municipality, 72 persons were available for baseline and follow-up
Peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) has over the years become one of the most commonly used tools for high-throughput analysis and identification of proteins. This method is applicable when relatively simple samples have to be analysed and it is commonly used for analysing proteins previously separated by 2-DE. The most common type of instrument used for this approach is the MALDI-TOF that has prove
Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder in humans that is characterised by multisystemic vascular dyplasia and recurrent haemorrhage. Germline mutations in one of two different genes, endoglin or ALK1 can cause HHT. Both are members of the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta receptor family of proteins, and are expressed primarily on the surface of endothel
Purpose - The dimple is adopted into a pin fin wedge duct which is widely used in modern gas turbine vane cooling structure trailing edge region. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of dimple depth and duct converging angle on the endwall heat transfer and friction factor in this pin fin wedge duct. Design/methodology/approach - The study is carried out by using the numerical simulat
Public debt soared in the late-medieval Low Countries: towns borrowed considerable sums from creditors and often ended up defaulting on their financial obligations. The author uses a tax inquiry from 1514 to demonstrate that villages also managed to create funded debt, which they secured on the public body of the village. As a result, around 1500 the majority of the villages in Holland owed annuit
While imaging optically dense media such as atomizing sprays, the multiple light scattering induces image artifacts and blurring effects which limit visibility.Therefore, extracting quantitative spray information such as droplet size and concentration from qualitative images becomes very challenging. However, multiple scattering effects can be efficiently addressed by means of the SLIPI (Structure
In On What Matters (2011) Derek Parfit advocates the Kantian Contractualist Formula as one of three supreme moral principles. In important cases, this formula entails that it is wrong for an agent to act in a way that would be partially best. In contrast, Parfit’s wide value-based objective view of reasons entails that the agent often have sufficient reasons to perform such acts. It seems then tha
The Internet allows people to freely navigate through news and use that information to reinforce or support their own beliefs in, for example, different social networks. In this chapter we suggest that the representation of current predominant views in the news can be seen as collective expressions within a society. Seeing that the notion of what makes individuals happy has been of increasing inte
Astaxanthin (AXT) is a reference model of xanthophyll carotenoids, which is used in medicine and food industry, and has potential applications in nanotechnology. Because of its importance, there is a great interest in understanding its molecular properties and aggregation mechanism in water and mixed solvents. In this paper, we report a novel model of AXT for molecular dynamics simulation. The mod
Even though B-lymphocyte development is one of the best understood models for cell differentiation in the hematopoetic system, recent advances in cell sorting and functional genomics has increased this understanding further. This has suggested that already early lymphoid primed multipotent progenitor cells (LMPPs) express low levels of lymphoid restricted transcripts. The expression of these genes
