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Objective: Radiographic damage is an important outcome in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The disease course varies considerably, and there is a need for simple and reliable prognostic markers. The aim of the study was to determine the utility of early signs of extra-articular disease, manifested as rheumatoid nodules (RN), in predicting radiographic outcome. Methods: In a cohort (n = 1589) of consecut

Critical infrastructures provide services that are essential for the functioning of our society and extensive disruptions in these can have widespread effects. These effects are not only limited to the directly affected infrastructure but also indirectly through interdependencies to other infrastructures. By only account-ing for the direct consequences when analysing critical infrastructures, the

Organizations need to make sure that their level of safety is acceptable. Therefore it is important to know which factors contribute to the level of safety and how to monitor and improve these factors. One method used today to evaluate the level of safety in organizations is safety culture measurements. In different contexts, different models of safety culture are used. Safety culture is often con

During the last years a couple of emergencies have affected the Swedish municipality Ljungby and its inhabitants and forced the municipality to initiate emergency responses. Some examples are a flooding that happened during the summer of 2004, the storm Gudrun that occurred in January 2005 and the storm Per that occurred in January 2007. These emergencies, as well as other incidents, are situation

The mechanical response of lipid membranes to nanoscale deformations is of fundamental importance for understanding how these interfaces behave in multiple biological processes; in particular, the nanoscale mechanics of non-lamellar membranes represents a largely unexplored research field. Among these mesophases, inverse bicontinuous cubic phase QII membranes have been found to spontaneously occur

STUDY QUESTION: Which substances and signal transduction pathways are potentially active downstream to the effect of FSH and LH in the regulation of human oocyte maturation in vivo? SUMMARY ANSWER: The regulation of human oocyte maturation appears to be a multifactorial process in which several different signal transduction pathways are active. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Many studies in animal species

Herein we present our results on the investigation of the influence of external magnetic fields on the anisotropic collective dynamics of core/shell colloidal cubes having a hematite core and silica shell. Owing to the hematite cores, these micrometer-sized particles possess permanent dipole moments, which are at an angle with respect to the long diagonal of the cubes. As a result, they self-assem

The number of elderlies is increasing but prevalence of malnutrition has been reported. The aim of the study was to determine the significance of short-term nutritional deficiencies in mice. Immune status was assessed through flow cytometry of leucocytes in Peyer’s patches (PP) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and intestinal microbiota was evaluated by terminal restriction fragment length polymor

Critical infrastructures provide essential services for the functioning of the society, and disruption of these services can lead to large-scale consequences. Hence, it is of utmost importance to analyze the vulnerability of critical infrastructures and use the results to guide decisions of improving their robustness towards strains. Since real-life critical infrastructures can be regarded as comp

High achievement in school has been associated with increased risk of eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), but causality of these relationships is unclear. We sought to examine the association between school achievement and AN or BN in a national cohort and to determine the possible contribution of familial confounding using a co-relative design.

The aim of this study is to analyse longitudinally, the annual effects of age group and birth cohort on smoking in the Swedish population during a 24-year period and to analyse the smoking trends for different levels of education.

We developed a simple model to calculate the regional deposited dose of submicron aerosol particles in the respiratory system. This model incorporates measured outdoor and modeled indoor particle number size distributions, detailed activity patterns of three age groups (teens, adults, and the elderly), semi-empirical estimation of the regional deposition fraction, hygroscopic properties of urban a

Sensitive and non-intrusive detection of gas-phase methanol with high spatial and temporal resolution has for the first time been reported using mid-infrared degenerate four-wave mixing (IR-DFWM). IR-DFWM spectra of methanol have been successfully recorded in nitrogen-diluted gas flows at room temperature and at 300 A degrees C, by probing ro-vibrational transitions belonging to the fundamental C-