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BACKGROUND: Multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) has the power to discriminate between localized functional losses and overall retinal changes when evaluating retinal injury. So far, full-field ERG has been the gold standard for examining retinal ischemia and the effects of different neuroprotectants in experimental conditions. The aim of the present study was to establish mfERG, with simultaneous

Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen hos kvinnor i Sverige. Tio procent av den kvinnliga befolkningen får bröstcancer under sin livstid. En minoritet avlider. Operation är den vanligaste behandlingen som oftast kombineras med strålbehandling. Det är mindre känt att vissa sidoeffekter av behandlingen kan ge bestående fysisk påverkan. Sådana bieffekter är armlymfödem samt nedsatt axelrörlighet

Prepositions already formed a grammatical category in the Common German language. New Scandinavian pepositions were established during the preliterary and the early literary periods. In this paper it is demonstraed that most of them were grammaticalizations of prepositional phrases or adverbs linked to a noun by an established preposition. The genesis of these new prepositions is investigated sema

The last two decades have seen a significant increase in the number and quality of cross-national measures of institutions, which are also covering longer and longer time spans. However, despite the considerable progress that has been made, important measurement issues linger. This chapter argues that the key future challenge for the measurement of institutions is how to square objective or direct

Time domain reflectometry (TDR) has been proven to take accurate readings of the apparent dielectricconstant Ka and bulk electrical conductivity σa. These measurements have been used for estimations ofwater content (θ) and concentration of different chemicals. The concentration of an ionic pollutant ortracer can be estimated from the soil solution electrical conductivity σw. Several different cali

Patent citations added by examiners are often used as indicators of technological impact and knowledge flows, despite various criticisms. In this study we analyze the distribution of examiner patent citations according to patent characteristics in order to show their limitations. According to our findings, the number of applicant citations included is dependent on the science-base of the technolog

A model is described in which transient complete cerebral ischemia is induced in rats by intracardiac injection of potassium chloride. The animals were intubated and mechanically ventilated with a nitrous oxide/oxygen (70:30) mixture. Cardiac arrest was achieved following a brief period of ventricular fibrillation. After 5-6 min, the circulation was restored by cardiopulmonary resuscitation and pa

The rise of social media platforms in the early 2010’s marked a shift in public diplomacy practice resulting in the emergence of “digital public diplomacy.” This chapter explores the evolution of digital public diplomacy by emphasizing digital culture as a significant source of social and political change in a broader societization of diplomacy. Moving beyond a narrow focus on digitalization, it a