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This paper uses data from an observational study, conducted at access points in straight sections of primary roads in Malaysia in 2012, to investigate the effects of motorcyclists' behavior and road environment attributes on the occurrence of serious traffic conflicts involving motorcyclists entering primary roads via access points. In order to handle the unobserved heterogeneity in the small samp
PURPOSE: To examine the subsequent risk and prognosis of urological cancers among individuals diagnosed with autoimmune(AI) diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed systematically the risk and prognosis of prostate, kidney and bladder cancers among individuals diagnosed with any of 33 different AI diseases based on nation-wide Swedish database covering years 1964 through 2008. Standardized inc
Introduction: Dead space negatively influences carbon dioxide (CO2) elimination, particularly at high respiratory rates (RR) used at low tidal volume ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Aspiration of dead space (ASPIDS), a known method for dead space reduction, comprises two mechanisms activated during late expiration: aspiration of gas from the tip of the tracheal tube and
Several strategic metals, elements and energy resources are about to run into scarcity in the near future under the present paradigm of use. A global systems model has been developed (WORLD) to assess the issue of scarcity and its implications for society. We show that scarcity may lead to “peak wealth”, “peak population”, “peak waste” and “peak civilization”, unless urgent counter-measures are sy
BackgroundPrevious studies have reported increased risk of brain tumors after allergic conditions, but no systematic analyses of these tumors in patients with autoimmune disease (AId) have been performed. No data are available on survival among patients with AId from brain tumors. We analyzed systematically risks and survival in histological types of brain tumors among patients who received a diag
The effect of deglycosylation of pyranose dehydrogenase (PDH) obtained from Agaricus meleagris (Am) and recombinantly expressed in Pichia pastoris on its electrocatalytic activity was investigated. Glycosylated (gAmPDH) and deglycosylated PDH (dgAmPDH) were immobilised on spectrographic graphite (G) simultaneously with an osmium redox polymer (Os-RP) using poly(ethylene glycol)(400) diglycidyl eth
The intensive use of nano-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles in many different applications necessitates studies on their risk assessment as there are still open questions on their safe handling and utilization. For reliable risk assessment, the interaction of TiO2 nanoparticles (NP) with biological systems ideally needs to be investigated using physico-chemically uniform and well-characteriz
HIV-1 is divided into different subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) but the impact of HIV-1 subtype/CRF on disease progression is not fully understood. We determined the HIV-1 subtype/CRF of 152 seroincident individuals from Guinea-Bissau, based on the C2-V3 region of env. Rate of disease progression was measured as time from estimated seroconversion to AIDS and AIDS-related death. H
Objective:To examine the relationship between high-risk human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes for type 1 diabetes and birth size in combination with prenatal characteristics in different countries.Study Design:Four high-risk HLA genotypes were enrolled in the Environmental determinants of Diabetes in the Young study newborn babies from the general population in Finland, Germany, Sweden and the U
PURPOSE: To provide estimates of the diffusional kurtosis in the healthy brain in anatomically defined areas and list these along previously reported values in pathologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six volunteers (mean age = 33.1 years; range, 19-64 years) underwent diffusional kurtosis imaging. Mean kurtosis (MK), radial kurtosis (RK), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and frac
As an approach to determining the aetiology of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), we searched for a virus expressed in human CLL B-cells by combining high-throughput sequencing and digital subtraction. Pooled B-cell mRNA transcriptomes from five CLL patients and five healthy donors were sequenced with 454 Life Sciences technology. Human reads were excluded by BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search
Objective: Anaemia in low-risk MDS is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL). Response to treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) + G-CSF is associated with improved QoL, but whether transfusion therapy with higher haemoglobin (Hb) target levels has similar effects is unknown. The objective for this prospective phase II Nordic multicentre trial was to assess QoL, response rate and physical func
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We examined features of the metabolic syndrome to see if they modified the risk of chronic diabetic complications in patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A total of 85 randomly selected patients with the metabolic syndrome (WHO definition) were compared with 85 Type II diabetic patients matched for age, sex, duration of diabetes, glycaemic cont
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the role of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) on micturition. CRF is involved in the endocrine and central nervous system responses to stress and is also expressed in sites responsible for the control of micturition. In this investigation, cystometric experiments were performed in awake and unrestrained Wistar rats and on Spontaneous Hypertensiv
OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to evaluate the metabolic effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of nateglinide in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to identify a dose appropriate for use in a diabetes prevention study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, fixed-dose study of 8 weeks’ duration was performed in a total of
To evaluate the accuracy of bone mineral composition determination by electron microprobe analysis (EDX) the measurements have been compared to instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and chemical analysis (ICPES). Bone specimens from five femoral heads were used. The trabecular content of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) was analyzed by the three different methods. The EDX method allows fo
The effect of moderate hypoglycemia (p-glucose, 2.0 +/- 0.3 mmol/L; mean +/- SD) on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was studied in a group of 10 healthy, right-handed men (aged 23 to 28 years) using an intravenous xenon 133 single photon emission computed tomography technique (SPECT). After 10 minutes of hypoglycemia, global CBF had increased to 46.3 +/- 9.6 mL/100 g/min compared with the init
BACKGROUND: Non-bridging external fixation has been introduced to achieve better fracture fixation and functional outcomes in distal radius fractures, but has not been specifically evaluated in a randomized study in the elderly. The purpose of this trial was to compare wrist-bridging and non-bridging external fixation for displaced distal radius fractures. METHOD: The inclusion criteria were women
