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To investigate the symbiotic interaction of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai on Chenopodium quinoa Willd. in isolation, we studied axenic co-culture of the T. harzianum isolates T-22 and BOL-12QD and the C. quinoa cultivars Kurmi and Maniqueña real. Neither T-22 nor BOL-12QD affected seedling growth during two days of co-culture in the early growth phase of rapid primary root extension. However, after To investigate the symbiotic interaction of Trichoderma harzianum Rifaion Chenopodium quinoa Willd. in isolation, we studied axenic co-culture of the T. harzianum isolates T-22 and BOL-12QD and the C. quinoa cultivars Kurmi andManiqueña real. Neither T-22 nor BOL-12QD affected seedling growth during two days of co-culture in the early growth phase of rapid primary root extension.However, after lon

Experimental aerosol generation methods aim to represent natural processes; however, the complexity is not always captured and unforeseen variability may be introduced into the data. The current practices for natural and experimental aerosol generation techniques are reviewed here. Recommendations for best practice are presented, and include characterization of starting material and spray fluid, r

Simple models based on isotropic interparticle attractions often fail to capture experimentally observed structures of colloidal gels formed through spinodal decomposition and subsequent arrest: the resulting gels are typically denser and less branched than their experimental counterparts. Here, we simulate gels formed from soft particles with directional attractions ("patchy particles"), designed

We report on the structural properties of ionic microgel particles subjected to alternating electric fields, using small-angle neutron scattering. The experiments were performed under so-called zero average contrast conditions, which cancel the structure factor contribution to the scattered intensity, allowing us to obtain direct information on the single particle size and structure as particles a

Staphylococcus aureus remains one of the most elusive targets in bacterial vaccinology, primarily due to its complex immune evasion strategies and the phenomenon of immune imprinting. Despite decades of research and numerous clinical trials, no vaccine has demonstrated protective efficacy in humans. This review examines the underlying reasons for these failures and proposes a rational, integrativ

Antibiotic persistence arises when a subset of cells in an otherwise susceptible bacterial population temporarily exhibits elevated tolerance to bactericidal antibiotics. While significant progress has been made in elucidating persister mechanisms, much of this research has focused on Gram-negative bacteria, and these findings are not always applicable to Gram-positive species. This study explores

Streptococcus pneumoniae resists host defenses through multiple surface factors, yet their specific contribution to protection against antimicrobial peptides remains incompletely understood. We examined the role of pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) and the polysaccharide capsule in protection against the human defensin HNP-1. PspA conferred increased resistance to HNP-1-induced killing, shown

Looking at globular proteins with the eyes of a colloid scientist has a long tradition, in fact a significant part of the early colloid literature was focused on protein solutions. However, it has also been recognized that proteins are much more complex than the typical hard sphere-like synthetic model colloids. Proteins are not perfect spheres, their interaction potentials are in general not isot

Particulate air pollution is one of the major causes of premature death in the world, and combustion-derived soot emissions contribute strongly to the particulate pollution to which humans are exposed. Black carbon (BC) is one such emission and denotes soot with strong light absorption in the ultraviolet to infrared spectrum. Combustion can also generate brown carbon (BrC) particles, with absorpti

Hereditary cancer that has monogenic inheritance affects every tenth patient, on average, who is diagnosed with cancer, and it has been suggested based on twin studies, that approximately 30% of all cancer patients have a genetic predisposition to developing cancer. The author posited that familial syndromes become more organ specific with increasing age at tumour presentation to the point that ve

STUDY QUESTION: Is it possible to identify by mass spectrometry a wider range of proteins and key proteins involved in folliculogenesis and oocyte growth and development by studying follicular fluid (FF) from human small antral follicles (hSAF)?SUMMARY ANSWER: The largest number of proteins currently reported in human FF was identified in this study analysing hSAF where several proteins showed a s

Exposure to air pollution is associated with adverse health effects in humans, with special concern for exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The physicochemical properties of aerosols impact the health effects. Considering that we spend approximately 90% of our time indoors, it is important to gain increased understanding of indoor aerosol concentrations and properties. The overall aim of

Herein we present our results on the investigation of the influence of external magnetic fields on the anisotropic collective dynamics of core/shell colloidal cubes having a hematite core and silica shell. Owing to the hematite cores, these micrometer-sized particles possess permanent dipole moments, which are at an angle with respect to the long diagonal of the cubes. As a result, they self-assem

The number of elderlies is increasing but prevalence of malnutrition has been reported. The aim of the study was to determine the significance of short-term nutritional deficiencies in mice. Immune status was assessed through flow cytometry of leucocytes in Peyer’s patches (PP) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and intestinal microbiota was evaluated by terminal restriction fragment length polymor

Microscopy and particle-based simulations are both powerful techniques to study aggregated particulate matter such as colloidal gels. The data provided by these techniques often contains information on a wide array of length scales, but structural analysis methods typically focus on the local particle arrangement, even though the data also contains information about the particle network on the mes

In this conceptual paper we reimagine the Capitalocentric present. To do so, we (1) critique corporate fantasies about ethical consumption; (2) offer alternative relational ethics of consumption, with special attention to concrete neo-animist practices to imagine alternative futures to the Capitalocentric present, and (3) invite imaginative theorization as a bridge between present and future.In this conceptual paper we reimagine the Capitalocentric present. To do so, we (1) critique corporate fantasies about ethical consumption; (2) offer alternative relational ethics of consumption, with special attention to concrete neo-animist practices to imagine alternative futures to the Capitalocentric present, and (3) invite imaginative theorization as a bridge between present and future.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate the effects of changes in both quantity and quality of use of social networking sites (SNS) on measures of anxiety, depression, stress, self-esteem, loneliness, problematic social media use, and present focused awareness. Method: Participants were randomly assigned to three different conditions: reducing SNS time to 30 minut

Importance: Low academic achievement (AA) in childhood and adolescence is associated with increased substance use. Empirical evidence, using longitudinal epidemiologic data, may provide support for interventions to improve AA as a means to reduce risk of drug abuse (DA). Objective: To clarify the nature of the association between adolescent AA and risk of DA by using instrumental variable and co-r