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The focus and instruments of innovation policy have changed fundamentally over the last decades. Recently transformative innovative policy has caught the attention of scholars and policy makers, arguing that this is a new shift in the policy discourse. Even though grand challenges such as global warming and migration flows, as well as technological change such as artificial intelligence and indust
In this chapter, we study the relationship between regional economic resilience and agency. Especially since the 2008 recession, regional resilience has raised a lot of interest in economic geography. However, the resilience research has focused mostly on the structural perspective and the role of agency has gained less attention. Intentional and purposeful human actions can have an effect on regi
Society has a responsibility to aid its citizens in case of emergency. This calls for planning and preparations. However, societal emergency response activities are not always fully effective. This might be due to suboptimal emergency planning and preparations, with some planned response actions not working as intended. For example, it is possible that some actions show to be ‘over-planned’ with t
Society protects its citizens against crises and emergencies. Emergency management, and particularly preparedness for emergency response, can be strengthened through the use of scenario-based exercises. Since such exercises are expensive, it is of common interest to make efficient use of their results. One way to enhance existing methods for scenario-based exercise is to improve their learning eff
The objectives of this study are to develop and demonstrate an approach to improve emergency response capability by strengthening individual and organisational learning from the evaluations of specific emergency responses. An approach was developed based on theories of individual and organisational learning. It was applied to evaluations of three instances of emergency response in the city of Malm
This is the first study indicating an association between gradually diminished risk of fractures and years of increased physical activity. Our results could imply great benefits not only for the individual but also for the healthcare burden and cost of society.
BACKGROUND: Refugee women have a high risk of coronary heart disease with low physical activity as one possible mediator. Furthermore, cultural and environmental barriers to increasing physical activity have been demonstrated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the combined effect of an approximate 6-month primary health care- and community-based exercise intervention versus an individual writte
This chapter presents methods for analysing interdependencies in critical infrastructures. In general, there are three groups of methods for analysing interdependencies; (1) conceptual, (2) model and simulation and (3) empirical and knowledge-based approaches. Examples of methods belonging to these groups are presented. The latter part of the chapter discusses challenges related to modelling, focu
AIM: Preterm birth is associated with a number of physical and mental health issues. The aim of this study was to find out if there was also any association between individuals born preterm in Sweden between 1984 and 2006 and the risk of unintentional injuries during childhood, adolescence and young adulthood METHODS: The study followed 2,297,134 individuals, including 5.9% born preterm, from 1985
OBJECTIVE: In this observational longitudinal study we estimate knee joint cartilage glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, in patients with an acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, with or without a concomitant meniscus injury. METHODS: 29 knees (19 men/10 women) were prospectively examined by repeat delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), approximately 3
Previous family and twin studies have indicated that Graves' disease has a heritable component. Family studies have also shown that some autoimmune disease cluster in families and genetic studies have been able to show shared susceptibility genes. In the present nation-wide study we describe familial risk for Graves' disease among parents and offspring, singleton siblings, twins and spouses with r
Background: Cadmium exposure may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The only published longitudinal study on cadmium and incident cardiovascular disease was performed in American Indians with relatively high cadmium exposure. oBjectives: Our aim was to examine the association between blood cadmium at baseline and incident cardiovascular events in a population-based study of Swedish men a
Critical infrastructures provide essential services for the functioning of the society, and disruption of these services can lead to large-scale consequences. Hence, it is of utmost importance to analyze the vulnerability of critical infrastructures and use the results to guide decisions of improving their robustness towards strains. Since real-life critical infrastructures can be regarded as comp
