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The aspartic protease cathepsin D, a poor prognostic indicator of breast cancer, is abundantly secreted as procathepsin D by human breast cancer cells and self-activates at low pH in vitro, giving rise to catalytically active cathepsin D. Due to a lower extracellular pH in tumor microenvironments compared to normal tissues, cathepsin D may cleave pathophysiological substrates contributing to cance

Objective. This study investigated whether metabolic derangement at diagnosis of diabetes mellitus affects the function of the basement membrane and the excretion of several components and whether insulin treatment can normalize this. It was designed to evaluate urinary excretion rates of transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-1), the carboxy-terminal domain of collagen IV (NC1) and albumin in children

The myeloid translocation gene 16 product MTG16 is found in multiple transcription factor-containing complexes as a regulator of gene expression implicated in development and tumorigenesis. A stable Tet-On system for doxycycline-dependent expression of MTG16 was established in B-lymphoblastoid Raji cells to unravel its molecular functions in transformed cells. A noticeable finding was that express

Objectives: To determine whether among middle-aged and elderly men there is evidence of international differences in the prevalence of chronic widespread pain (CWP) and whether any such differences could be explained by psychological, psychosocial factors or differences in physical health status. Methods: The European Male Ageing Study (EMAS) sampled from population registers in cities ( centres)

Experimental models implicate protease activated receptors (PARs) as important sensors of the proteolytic tumor microenvironment during breast cancer development. However, the role of the major PARs, PAR-1 and PAR-2, in human breast tumors remains to be elucidated. Here, we have investigated how PAR-1 and PAR-2 protein expression correlate with established clinicopathological variables and patient

Objective To document the frequency and causes of maternal mortality and severe (near-miss) morbidity in metropolitan La Paz, Bolivia. Design Facility-based cross-sectional study. Setting Four maternity hospitals in La Paz and El Alto, Bolivia, where free maternal health care is provided through a government-subsidised programme. Population All maternal deaths and women with near-miss morbidity. M

Although climate is known to be one of the key factors determining animal species distributions amongst others, projections of global change impacts on their distributions often rely on bioclimatic envelope models. Vegetation structure and landscape configuration are also key determinants of distributions, but they are rarely considered in such assessments. We explore the consequences of using sim

Objective. To describe neonatal outcome including the presence of congenital malformations in infants born to women substituted with thyroid hormones, and the maternal characteristics of these women. Design. Register study based on prospectively collected data in relation to delivery. Setting. Swedish Health Registers. Population. All pregnant women (n = 848,468) and all infants born (n = 861,989)

We have recently proposed a statistical AV node model defined by a set of parameters characterizing the arrival rate of atrial impulses, the probability of an impulse passing through the fast or the slow pathway, the refractory periods of the pathways, and the prolongation of refractory periods. All parameters are estimated from the RR interval series using maximum likelihood (ML) estimation, exce

Ångcentralen på AAK har 4 olika pannor och huvudpannan är en biobränslepannan. Denna panna benämns även som Panna 4 och eldas idag med hushållspellets av klass A1. Vid förbränning så bildas kväveoxider, NOX, som har en negativ effekt på miljön och människor. AAK som idag ligger under villkorsvärdet för utsläpp av kväveoxider enligt krav från Förordning 2013:252 som gäller för stora förbränningsanlThe steam power station at AAK has 4 different boilers and the main boiler is a biofuel boiler. The boiler uses household pellets of type A1. During combustion, nitrogen oxides, NOX, are formed and they have many negative effects on the environment and has direct and indirect effects on human health. Today AAKs NOX emission are lower than the restricted regulation value for nitrogen oxide emission

Predictive archaeological modelling is a complex analytical process that requires the understanding of how complex environmental and anthropogenic spatial phenomena relate to the selection of archaeological site location and knowledge of the requirements and potential biases inherent in the method of modelling and the raw data itself. This paper aims to demonstrate the utility of the weights of ev

How can the low representation of women in politics in Bosnia-Herzegovina be understood and what can a different approach add to already existing approaches to make Bosnia-Herzegovina more gender equal in terms of political representation of the genders? There has been established a Gender Equality Law that demands a 40% gender quota of political representation, but the gender representation has o

Popular science summary Identifying an African Paradise Flycatcher using molecular techniques Five species of Paradise Flycatchers (Terpsiphone) occur in mainland Africa. Colour polymorphism and hybridization in these birds make species identification and defining species boundaries challenging. A melanistic individual was captured in Gashaka-Gumti National Park in Nigeria, and could not be iden

As a promising carbon-free fuel, iron powder can directly combust with air and has great potential to provide clean and high-grad heat for various applications. The combustion characteristics of iron particles are of great significance for developing iron combustion model, designing efficient combustor, and optimizing combustion technologies. In this work, the micro-explosion behavior of burning i

BackgroundClinical Health Promotion activities contribute to the reduction of disease and treatment, and improve outcomes and prognosis. Accordingly, major health determinants such as smoking, physical inactivity, risk of malnutrition, overweight and hazardous drinking should be easily identified in the medical records. To that end, this study evaluates a simple 9 question health documentation mod

The aim of the present study was to find clinical parameters affecting incidence and progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. A prospective study for 10 years was performed in 385 type 2 diabetic patients (diabetes diagnosis > or =30 years) attending a hospital-based outpatient clinic. Medical risk indicators like diabetes duration, HbA(1c), and blood pressure were related to the de