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Background Companies producing premium products with high quality and long product life can experience challenges when trying to penetrate price-sensitive customer segments on emerging markets due to a high product price. One way to achieve growth in these segments is to introduce new innovative business models. From the theory of circular economy, a concept combining sustainable and economi
Sweden is often seen as a frontrunner when it comes to sustainability. For example, it has the highest share of renewable energy in the EU and is known for its thorough recycling and waste separation. Sweden is sparsely populated and 70% of its land area is covered by forests. Over the last century, the volume of yearly timber harvests has doubled, but despite this remarkable productivity increase
Cancer results from a sequence of genetic and epigenetic changes that lead to a variety of abnormal phenotypes including increased proliferation and survival of somatic cells and thus to a selective advantage of precancerous cells. The notion of cancer progression as an evolutionary process has been attracting increasing interest in recent years. A great deal of effort has been made to better unde
While traditional forms of urban planning are oriented towards the future, the recent turn towards experimental and challenge-led urban developments is characterized by an overarching presentism. We explore in this article how an experimental approach to urban planning can consider the long-term through setting-up ‘conversations with a future situation.’ In doing so, we draw on a unique experiment
Decision and Value of Information analyses can be highly computational demanding due to the exponential growth of the decision tree in dependency of the state and decision variables. Due to the advancement of computational methods in the last decades, decision problems with moderate complexity maybe solved by a software tool whereas highly complex analyses require tailored approaches, algorithms a
Public procurement accounts for a very large share of most economies worldwide. This conceptual article argues that the key to achieving more innovations when pursuing public procurement is to describe problems to be solved or functions to be fulfilled (functional procurement) instead of describing the products to be bought (product procurement). Contracting authorities need to identify the proble
The importance of structural demands is usually overlooked in the conceptual design phase. Architects commonly conceive the geometry of a structure without much involvement of an engineer or with regards to structural demands. This is in part because a lack of tools available to engineers in this phase. The common paradigm for structural analysis software interface badly with the iterative and cha
When experience is insufficient or not present at all, making decisions becomes difficult. Capability assessments are tools to inform decisions in all situations regarding risk management, but the use of them in Sweden is discussed. With experiments made in the microworld MikroRisk, conclusions can be made about the investment patterns induced by a capability assessment under the conditions of bot
Arktis står inför stora förändringar i samband med rådande klimat- och miljöförändringar, där de arktiska kusterna är utsatta. Förändringar i temperatur, havsnivå, stormar och havsisens utbredning är några av de faktorer som spelar in i hur kusterna och stränderna kan förändras. Syftet med studien är att först översiktligt se vilka kustmorfologiska förändringar som sker i Arktis idag och huruvida The Arctic is facing great changes due to current climate changes, where the Arctic coasts are especially vulnerable. Changes in temperature, mean sea level, storms and sea ice extent are some of the factors that shape how the coasts and beaches can be changed. The purpose of this study is firstly to examine what changes the Arctic coasts are experiencing today and whether they can be correlated t
The last decades the modern sporthorse have changed a lot, both physically and in temperament. Horses have gotten more athletic, sensitive and faster. Selective breeding, new science findings and more competition, in combination with a role change from workhorse to sporthorse have made this change possible. The idea to investigate and develop horse equipment was initialised during meetings with th
In this thesis I extend the chirality-flow method to the full standard model at tree-level by including massive particles and electroweak interactions. The chirality-flow method is a new diagrammatic method for calculating Feynman diagrams that is based on the spinor-helicity formalism, that before this thesis was written had been worked out for massless QED and QCD at tree-level. I summarize what
To control an accelerating proton beam that travels close to the speed of light, a large number of beam diagnostic instruments are needed. One of the instruments that will be used at the accelerator of the European Spallation Source is a Non-invasive Profile Monitor (NPM). Once installed, this system will measure the transverse beam profile by imaging the fluorescent gas induced by the accelerated
The debate on Nordic defense cooperation has surged in the recent year as a result from a perceived shift in the security environment. The study focuses on the five Nordic states; all of them committed to different security communities and yet engaged in cooperative measures with each other. With the question of exploring the prerequisites for a possible deepening of the Nordic defense cooperatio
In December 1998 the FRN - The Swedish Council for Planning and Coordination of Research - decided to fund a new injector and storage ring for the MAX-laboratory. The system will consist of a 50-MeV linac, a 600-MeV booster synchrotron, and a 600-MeV storage ring for VUV undulator beamlines. The system will replace an old 100-MeV racetrack microtron and will inject the two existing storage rings:
We present a blow-up criterion for the periodic Camassa-Holm equation. The condition obtained for blow-up uses two of the conservation laws associated with the equation and improves upon some recent results.
