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Den ökade globaliseringen har bidragit till att alltmer gränsöverskridande verksamhet utövas av internationella koncerner. Förekomsten av skatteplanering för att undgå en hög skattesats har således ökat, vilket även orsakat att staternas skattebaser rubbats. Som en reaktion på de ökade gränsöverskridande aktiviteterna har internationella samarbeten etablerats i syfte att minska missbruk av de natiThe increasing globalization has contributed to more cross-border transactions exercised by multinational enterprises. To avoid high tax rates the number of tax planning activities has grown, which has caused base erosion and profit shifting for many states. In response, international collaborations have been established with the purpose to reduce tax evasion and utilization of national legislatio

Enaxligt kompressionstest för undersökning av kemisk-mekanisk växelverkan i biologiska material Mjuka biologiska vävnader är material som består av flera olika beståndsdelar. Hur en vävnad deformeras under mekanisk belastning beror inte bara på de individuella beståndsdelarnas egenskaper, utan även på interaktioner mellan beståndsdelarna. För att undersöka dessa effekter krävs specifika numeriskaSoft biological tissues and engineered hydrogels for biomedical applications are intrinsically multiphasic materials, consisting of solid, fluid and possibly fixed and mobile ions. Understanding their mechanical behaviour requires experimental methods and theoretical models that take their multiphasic nature into account and allow for quantification of material parameters related to the different

Popular Abstract in Swedish De flesta cancerpatienter dör på grund av spridning av tumörceller till olika organ. Invasiv och metastaserande cancer svarar ofta inte på behandling och blir då i många fall dödlig. Leukemi är en elakartad sjukdom av blodceller, som påverkar blod-producerande organ. Den höga förekomsten av leukemi förekommer i äldre befolkningen och hos barn. Leukemi återfall och resiThe majority of current treatments used for treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) and leukemia are often limited to a narrow subsets of treated patients. As such, there still remains a significant scope for gaining deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying cancer metastasis for improvement of targeted treatment. Elevated expression of a cell cycle regulator cyclin A1 initiated leukemia

Popular Abstract in Swedish Pankreascancer (cancer i bukspottkörteln) utgör fjärde orsak död i cancer. Det är den cancerform som har den dystraste prognosen av alla, med en 5-års överlevnad mindre än 6%. Sjukdomsrelaterade symptom uppträder ofta sent i förloppet och det saknas metoder för tidig diagnos varför de flesta av patienterna upptäckts i sent skede. Endast cirka 20 procent av patienterna kPancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with a 5-year survival less than 6%. It does not show any symptoms in its early stages, hence most (>85%) of the patients are diagnosed at late stage. At the time of diagnosis, metastases are frequently observed which make most patients unsuitable for curative surgical treatment and chemotherapy remains the only choice fo

Soot formation in a reverse-flow partial-oxidation reactor for reforming of gasifier producer gas has been studied. The process was modeled using a detailed reaction mechanism to describe the kinetics of soot formation. The numerical model was validated against experimental data from the literature and showed good agreement with reported data. Nine cases with different gas compositions were simula

Two-particle angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger and associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The transverse-momentum range 0.7 < p(T),(assoc) < p(T),(trig) < 5.0 GeV/c is examined, to include correlations induced by jets originating from low momentum-transfer scatterings (minijets). The

Abstract in UndeterminedEnterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are rapidly becoming a de facto standard in business activity. While large and medium-sized companies have the luxury to afford proprietary ERP solutions, small companies are struggling with resource poverty which maybe makes them consider available open source ERP products which are free from licensing fee. However, there is littl

Problem discussion: The internal foundry of ITT Flygt occasionally has problems with on-time delivery to the product workshops. This could lead to extra costs regarding labour and stock keeping. ITT Flygt are today unaware of the extent of these costs. Objectives: The main objective of the master thesis is to investigate the effects of low delivery accuracy from the foundry to PVC. This main objec

What causes changes in management? This thesis attempts to explain governmental change in the Swedish emergency management and at the same time determine how these changes can best be explained. The Swedish emergency management has been reorganized several times over the past 30 years and it’s these reorganizations that form the basis for this study. The study is based on three different organizat

Den svenska normprövningsrätten bygger likt de flesta konstitutionella demokratier på en jämvikt mellan olika intressen. Lagstiftaren har i demokratier å ena sidan en skyldighet att fattat beslut som är förenliga med de formella krav som framgår av konstitutionen. Å andra sidan riskerar majoritetsstyre att kränka vissa fundamentala fri- och rättigheter för de minoriteter som inte står bakom en visThe Swedish system of judicial review, like most constitutional democracies, is based on an equilibrium between various interests. One the one hand, in democracies, the legislature are required to make decisions compatible with formal requirements in the constitution. On the other hand, majority rule can pose a threat against fundamental freedoms and rights. Individuals who might not agree with a

The authoritarian Ba?th regime in power in Syria since 1966 has been challenged twice by popular contention. In the first case, ?The Islamic rebellion?, the episode of contention erupted into violence, in the second case, ?The Damascus Spring?, it did not. In both cases the challengers changed strategies and methods of contention adapting to their counterparts and the external environment. This s

Virtual Reality and advanced, interactive simulators illustrate the potentials of modern technology for improving the ecological validity of learning experiments. Yet much more preliminary work is needed to appreciate how these growingly complex means can be utilized to promote high-order emotional and motivational constructs of the user, such as self-efficacy. Drawing from the frameworks of serio

This is a study of the murder of the Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme, not as it actually occurred, but rather how it was mediated through representations in the media. The guiding research question is formulated as follows: Can the media representations of the murder of Olof Palme be understood as a case of an emergent trauma process? These representations covers only the first week after the mu

The role and activities of the European Court of Justice (EJC) have been discussed for couple of decades now. Without any doubt the role that ECJ fulfils today in the European Community is not what it was in the beginning of its existence and perhaps not even what was strictly prescribed by the EC Treaty. In the present thesis will be firstly examined, how the present role of the ECJ, as a quasi-c

The United Nations (UN) sanctions regime was developed during the 1990's as an instrument to induce compliance with Security Council (SC) resolutions. The use of more comprehensive sanctions was criticised since it resulted in collateral damage including humanitarian distress. This brought Members of the UN to convene seminars where UN staff, academics and experts discussed how the sanctions r

This paper performs a numerical study regarding the effects of different kinds of coolants on flow and heat transfer in a pin-finned internal channel. A new pin-fin structure detached from one endwall with a round-tip is proposed which aims to increase the heat transfer enhancement. As a contrast, the investigation of the typical fully-attached pin-fin and the flat-tip detached pin-fin is also con

Background: Osteoporosis is an underdiagnosed and undertreated disease worldwide. Recent studies have highlighted the use of simple vertebral trabecular attenuation values for opportunistic osteoporosis screening. Meanwhile, machine learning has been used to accurately segment large parts of the human skeleton. Purpose: To evaluate a fully automated deep learning-based method for lumbar vertebral

The use of fossil resources must be phased out during the next few decades in order to meet the adopted 2° target. The transition to non-fossil feedstocks in the production of chemicals and transportation fuels will make it increasingly important to economise on the biomass carbon since biomass is a limited resource. Carbon dioxide (CO2) can be used as carbon feedstock and thus serve as a valuable