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På senare år har korruption i internationella affärstransaktioner blivit till ett växande problem. Den internationella viljan att förebygga korruption har ökat i takt med att kunskapen om korruptionens skadliga verkningar blivit större. Detta har resulterat i en rad mellanstatliga instrument som Sverige anslutit sig till. Instrumenten ålägger medlemsstaterna att enskilt inrätta effektiva system ge
Teknisk innovation inom den finansiella sektorn och inom elektronisk han- del har växt dom senaste åren. Detta har bidragit till att nuvarande betal- ningsmarknad erbjuder allt fler digitala betalmetoder för enskilda- och juri- diska personer. En utav dessa betalmetoder är Bitcoin. Bitcoin fick sitt ge- nomslag efter finanskrisen 2009 och har sedan dess lockat användare värl- den över. Bitcoin är Technical innovation within the financial sector and electronic commerce has grown in recent years. This has contributed to the current payment mar- ket offering an increasing number of digital payment methods for individu- als and legal entities. One of these payment methods is Bitcoin. Bitcoin gai- ned prominence after the 2009 financial crisis and has since attracted users worldwide. Bitcoin is
Under de senaste åren har en rad plattformsföretag etablerat sig inom olika sektorer av samhället och vid det här laget är de flesta människor bekanta med företag som Foodora och Uber. Uppkomsten och den starka etableringen av gig-ekonomin har skapat en hel del oklarheter vad gäller arbetsrättsliga frågor. Gig-ekonomin bygger på en treparts-relation mellan tjänsteleverantören, användaren/kunden ocIn recent years, a number of platform companies have established themselves in various sectors of society and by now most people are familiar with companies such as Foodora and Uber. The rise and the big establishment of the gig economy has created a lot of uncertainty regarding labor law issues. The gig economy is based on a tripartite relationship between the service provider, the user/customer
Cities around the world are leading the race toward an environmentally sustainable future, but one of their major obstacles have been the personal automobile. The movement of people using public transportation often has a far lower impact than the personal automobile, but these systems are often rigid and expensive to build and operator. Now, with the emergence of intelligent transport systems – a
The right of public access, in Swedish called allemansrätten, gives people the opportunity to roam freely in nature. Whether one prefers to explore nature by foot, on a bike or on a pair of skis is up to the individual since the right of public access includes all the above-mentioned types of transportation. Today there seems to be a trend that the usage of cross-country skiing tracks and mountain
Aim: The aim of this paper was to shed light on the different methods/strategies that Anti-Brand Communities (ABCs) use in order to cause harm to particular brands. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to offer assistance to brand managers through Anti-Brand Community-insights, as a means of combating the increasingly growing number of ABCs. Research Question: What methods/strategies do anti-b
While many crystals, both natural and artificial, grow isotropically, there are examples of crystals growing anisotropically. The aim of this theoretical study was to confirm the growth modes displayed by three different crystals, representing 3D, 2D and 1D structures. This was done by using energetic calculations with both molecular mechanics, with ReaxFF$_{ \textrm {SiO}}$ as the force field, an
The aim of this study is to analyze whether the presence of weed species resistant to herbicides is related to landscape heterogeneity and environmental variables. C3 and C4 weed species, such as Chenopodium album, Conyza canadensis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Papaver rhoeas, Sorghum halepense, Echinochloa crus-galli and Lolium rigidum, are studied in two differing bioclimatic countries, Greece and G
This thesis aims to describe and discuss the nomination processes within the political parties represented in the Swedish parliament today. It describes the guidelines for each party’s nomination process and discusses the placement and presentation of candidates on the ballot paper. The processes is analysed through earlier research on representation and strategic party politics in a multiparty-sy
Uppsatsen redogör för rättsläget kring olovligt spridande av privata bilder på internet. I dagsläget bedöms sådant spridande vanligtvis som förtal i Sverige. För att något ska utgöra förtal ska en uppgift ha spridits som varit ägnad att utsätta personen för andras missaktning. Bedömningen av huruvida en uppgift varit ägnad att utsätta en person för andras missaktning och huruvida personens ära bliThe subject of this essay is the legal situation regarding unauthorized distribution of private photos on the Internet. Today, such distribution is usually judged as defamation in Sweden. For something to constitute defamation, information shall have been spread that was intended to subject the person to other people's contempt. The determination of whether a statement was likely to expose a p
I takt med en ökad flexibilitet på arbetsmarknaden har antalet visstidsanställningar ökat. Till följd av detta kom år 1999 det så kallade visstidsdirektivet, som bland annat syftar till att förhindra missbruk av på varandra följande visstidsanställningar. År 2007 anmälde TCO Sverige till EU-kommissionen, som underkände implementeringen av direktivet i svensk rätt och startade ett överträdelseärendAlong with greater labour market flexibility, the number of fixed-term contracts has increased. As a result of this, the so-called Fixed-term Directive was introduced in 1999, which among other things, aims to prevent the abuse of successive fixed-term contracts. In 2007, TCO reported Sweden to the EU Commission, who dismissed the implementation of the directive into Swedish law and started an inf
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den pågående globaliseringen skapar ett behov av ökad kommunikationskompetens bland svenskar som arbetar ute i världen. Denna studie baseras på beskrivningar av de kommunikationsprocesser som används av svenskar, när de möter icke-svenskar på yrkets vägnar vid arbete utanför Sverige. Beskrivningarna baseras på intervjuer. Studien är inriktad på tre områden. De kommunikGlobalization creates a need for increased communication competence among Swedes working on the global arena. This study is based on reports of communication processes used by Swedes when interacting professionally with non-Swedes. The reports are derived from interviews. The study focuses on three areas. The communication strategies developed by the respondents for intercultural communication. T
Popular Abstract in Swedish En industrirobot är en flexibel programmerbar maskin som bör användas för sådant arbete som inte lämpar sig för människan att utföra. Olika tekniska begränsningar i dagens styrsystem begränsar dock robotars tillämpbarhet. Avhandlingen föreslår ett nytt sätt att bygga upp robotstyrsystem så att roboten på bästa sätt skall kunna tjäna människan.Industrial robots play a key role in manufacturing systems. Robots are distinguished from other types of machinery mainly on the basis of their programmability and ability to be adaptable to different tasks. The use of computer control to achieve desired flexibility implies that software issues for embedded control systems are central for the applicability and utilization of the equipment. The str
Mouse beta-cells cultured at 15 mmol/l glucose for 72 h had reduced ATP-sensitive K+ (K-ATP) channel activity (-30%), increased voltage-gated Ca2+ currents, higher intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca-i(2+]) +160%), more exocytosis (monitored by capacitance measurements, +100%), and greater insulin content (+230%) than those cultured at 4.5 mmol/l glucose. However, they released 20% less ins
Popular Abstract in Swedish Metoder behövs att noggrant mäta rörelse och slitage av ledpannan efter operation med konstgjord höftled. EBRA-metoden (Ein Bild Röntgen Analyse) presenterades nyligen som en datoriserad metod att mäta rörelse av ledpannan. I denna studie utvärderades ett antal standardmetoder att mäta rörelse av ledpannan och jämfördes med radiostereometri (RSA), en metod som visats haMethods are needed for accurate measurement of acetabular cup migration and wear after hip replacement. The EBRA (Ein Bild Röntgen Analyse) method was recently introduced as a computerized method for radiographic assessment of acetabular cup migration. In this study, various standard methods for measuring migration were evaluated and compared to radiostereometry (RSA), which has proved to be high
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under de senaste decennierna har en omfattande omstrukturering ägt rum av den psykiatriska vården. Verksamheterna vid de gamla mentalsjukhusen har avvecklats genom en omfattande nerdragning av slutenvårdplatser. Psykiatrins långtidssjuka patienter skulle återföras till det sociala liv de under lång tid varit avskärmade ifrån. I samband med omorganiseringen till den s kIn the past few decades a comprehensive restructuring of psychiatric care has taken place in Sweden. The activities of the traditional closed institutions have been curtailed through a drastic reduction in the number of beds available in such institutions. "Day treatment," has arisen as a new form of intensive outpatient care in the new, geographically localized psychiatric care of patients with l
Popular Abstract in Swedish Övervikt är ett av vår tids största hälsoproblem, kanske till och med det största. Det finns de som menar att redan idag utgör övervikt globalt sett en viktigare orsak till sjukdom än undernäring och infektionssjukdomar. Framtidsscenariot beskrivs som alarmerande. Folk kommer att i en tidigare aldrig skådad omfattning insjukna i överviktens följdsjukdomar. Medierna harThe prevalence of overweight and obesity is rising each year not only on a national but also on a global level. The future scenario is troublesome. The media are among the most important social institutions in influencing people’s knowledge, perceptions and actions. The media provide citizens with health messages and contribute thereby to their health development. This dissertation deals with two
Due to climate change, sea levels are rising exponentially on a global scale. It is threatening tocause a number of consequences, such as floodings and erosion, in coastal zones all over theworld. The coast of the swedish province of Skåne is especially threatened in comparison toother coastal zones in Sweden, and it is predicted that by the year 2100 the sea level will haveincreased with 1 meter
It is necessary for all industries to work actively to minimize their impact on the climate, including the construction industry, which accounts for a significant part of Sweden's total CO_2-emissions. Development to produce concrete and steel with more environmentally friendly processes is ongoing, but to lower emissions immediately and achieve long-term sustainability, we need to develop met
The migration politics in Sweden have changed drastically within the past years as it has introduced stricter asylum policies and higher securitisation of borders. As a result, an increased number of people are forced to live as undocumented migrants, meaning without a legal permit to stay in the country. This thesis aims to contribute to the analysis of this development by investigating the role
