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Hormonal therapy (HT) is one of the most frequently prescribed drug regimens for women after the age of 50 years. HT has been developed progressively since the 1960s to provide estrogen to those women (a) who require relief of symptoms which have resulted from reduced circulating estrogen or (b) to act as an anti-resorptive agent to counteract the effect of the increased bone turnover which occurs

The U-Pb systematics of accessory zircons were studied by secondary ion mass spectrometry (NORDSIM ion microprobe). This study revealed two main age groups of terrigenous zircons, 3000 and 2900 Ma, in the metasedimentary rocks of the Chupa nappe of the Belomorian belt. Zircon older than 3200 Ma was not found, which is consistent with the available Sm-Nd model ages. Older terrigenous zircons (3100-

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den här avhandlingen behandlar däggdjurens systematiska släktskap. Olika metoder och dataset har använts och utvecklats för att besvara systematiska frågeställningar på olika nivåer. Genom statistiska analyser av nukleotid och/eller aminosyra sekvenser från olika arters gener har deras evolutionära släktskap fastställts. Släktskapet inom moderkaksdäggdjuren har undersöIn this thesis, the phylogenetic relationships of the Mammalia have been studied at various levels. Different sources of genetic information have been evaluated and used as phylogenetic markers. These include the well-known mitochondrial genome, cDNA from housekeeping genes and expressed sequence tags from nuclear genes. Applying RT-PCR on mRNA from nuclear genes is a new approach for collecting

Increasing demand for incorporating renewable energy projects into the national energy mix, is associated with international and European efforts to tackle the negative effects of climate change and strengthen energy resilience. Greece, as a member country of the European Union, has acknowledged that necessity, by implementing a national program aiming to significantly reduce Green House Gas Emiss

Growing research on ecosystem subsidies has emphasized the connection between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, with changes in one triggering responses in the other. In high mountain lakes, emerging aquatic insects are considered key aquatic subsidies and serve as an important nutrient resource for surrounding terrestrial ecosystem. The introduction of alien fish into these lakes, known to caus

Purpose: This thesis aims to evaluate whether the ECB’s Pandemic Emergency Purchase Programme (PEPP) cushioned the Covid-19 crisis’ impact on the Euro area’s corporate bond market and relieved borrowing conditions. Methodology: The methodology is based upon unbalanced panel data and difference-in-differences regressions with firm-clustered standard errors. The model controls for industry and cou

There is an increasing global interest to support research areas that can assist in understanding disease and improving patient care. The National Cancer Institute (NIH) has identified precision medicine-based approaches as key research strategies to expedite advances in cancer research. The Cancer Moonshot program (https://www.cancer.gov/research/key-initiatives/moonshot-cancer-initiative) is the

Purpose: The role of list price is often discussed in a narrative describing sellers’ preferences or sellers’ price expectations. This paper aims to investigate a set of list price strategies that real estate brokers have available to influence the outcome of the sale, which may be many times self-serving. Design/methodology/approach: By analyzing real estate brokers’ arguments on the choice of th

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is characterized by hemodynamic derangements that are likely to mediate systemic metabolic perturbations but limited data are available. Plasma metabolite profiling provides opportunities for comprehensive investigation of such perturbations. Here, we aimed to characterize plasma profiles that associate with HF and their relationship with central hemodynamics, sympto

Very-low-field MRI (<100 mT) holds promise for Point-of-Care brain imaging applications, including stroke and multiple sclerosis, with T1 mapping emerging as a key biomarker for brain development and pathology. However, current low-field T1 mapping protocols suffer from long acquisition times and limited multi-site repeatability. This study aimed to improve T1 mapping at 64 mT using a clinically f

Background: Glioblastoma, IDH wildtype is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite best available treatment, prognosis remains poor. Current standard therapy consists of surgical tumor removal followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide. Antisecretory factor (AF), an endogenous protein, may potentiate the effect of temozolomide and allev

Background: Agroecology integrates ecological agricultural production with community self-reliance, deeply rooted in indigenous knowledge. This study investigates how and why women in Zimbabwe contribute to seed preservation in agroecology, and what challenges they face in sustaining traditional seed systems. Using a qualitative approach combining focus group discussions, semi-structured interview

The opening of habitats associated with the emergence of C4 grasslands during the Neogene had a massive influence on the evolution of plant and animal communities. Strikingly, the impacts of grassland expansion on species diversification in Africa, where the largest surface of grasslands and savannas in the world is located, are not well understood. To explore the impact of habitat opening, we inv

Background: Available evidence suggests a link between exposure to transportation noise and an increased risk of obesity. We aimed to assess exposure-response functions for long-term residential exposure to road traffic, railway and aircraft noise, and markers of obesity. Methods: Our cross-sectional study is based on pooled data from 11 Nordic cohorts, including up to 162,639 individuals with eit

Symptoms associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) impact patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Studies on change and if a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in HRQoL is reached within a year after diagnosis are lacking. The aim was to investigate the change in HRQoL as well as the proportion of patients t

In elite sport, athletes and staff may face unique personal- and sports-related stressors that can both bolster and undermine their mental health. Meanwhile, toughness, perfectionism, stigma, and unwanted attention can serve as exacerbating factors and help-seeking deterrents. Two outpatient psychiatric clinics specializing in elite sport and health have been established in Sweden, including one i

Epilepsy is a severe neurological disease manifested by spontaneous recurrent seizures due to abnormal hyper-synchronization of neuronal activity. Epilepsy affects about 1% of the population and up to 40% of patients experience seizures that are resistant to currently available drugs, thus highlighting an urgent need for novel treatments. In this regard, anti-inflammatory drugs emerged as potentia

Background: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy is characterized by increased coronary intimal thickness and is a leading cause of death in heart transplant (HTx) recipients despite the routine use of statins. The experience with inhibitors of proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 in HTx recipients is limited. Our hypothesis was that lowering cholesterol with the proprotein convertase subtilisi

The functional decline of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with age is a well-documented phenomenon, associated with various health complications, including anemia, impaired immune responses, and chronic inflammation. This dysfunction can contribute to the onset of hematological disorders such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML

I ett litet skånskt vattendrag hittades förhöjda halter av så kallade ”evighetskemikalier” som kan innebära risker för livet under ytan. Trots att vattnet ser rent ut visar mätningar att påverkan från industri och avloppsvatten är större än vad man tidigare känt till. PFAS är en stor grupp industrikemikalier med mycket goda vatten-, fett- och smutsavvisande egenskaper samt hög kemisk- och värmestFreshwater ecosystems are increasingly threatened by persistent chemical pollutants, including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which pose long-term risks to both ecosystems and human health. Small streams downstream of urban and industrial areas are often underrepresented in monitoring programmes, despite their potential vulnerability to PFAS contamination. Furthermore, environmental r