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Background. Anaemia in haemodialysis patients can be effectively treated with erythropoietin. We investigated whether subcutaneous (SC) epoetin β administered once weekly was as effective as the same weekly dosage given in two to three divided doses. Methods. One hundred and fifty-eight patients (delivered Kt/V >1.0, where K=dialyser-renal urea clearance, t=dialysis time and V=filtration volume, o
Background: In 2014 the Swedish government assigned to The Public Health Agency of Sweden to conduct studies to evaluate optimal use of existing antibiotic agents. The aim is to optimize drug use and dosing regimens to improve the clinical efficacy. The present study was selected following a structured prioritizing process by independent experts. Methods: This phase IV study is a randomized, open-
Background and aims: To estimate short- and long-term costs of inpatient hospitalization in Sweden for major diabetes mellitus-related events. Materials and methods: Costs were estimated using administrative hospital data from the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, which is linked to the Swedish National Diabetes Register. Data were available for 179 749 patients with diabetes in Sweden
Systems based on bag-of-words models from image features collected at maxima of sparse interest point operators have been used successfully for both computer visual object and action recognition tasks. While the sparse, interest-point based approach to recognition is not inconsistent with visual processing in biological systems that operate in 'saccade and fixate' regimes, the methodology and emph
Although the U-Pb zircon chronometer has been widely used for dating metamorphism in moderate to high-grade rocks, it is generally difficult to link the U-Pb age of zircon to specific metamorphic reactions. In this study, the initial Hf isotopic composition of secondary zircon is compared with the evolution of Hf isotopic composition of the bulk sample, back-projected from the measured value throu
P>1. Changes in cladoceran subfossils in the surface sediments of 54 shallow lakes were studied along a European latitude gradient (36-68 degrees N). Multivariate methods, such as regression trees and ordination, were applied to explore the relationships between cladoceran taxa distribution and contemporary environmental variables, with special focus on the impact of climate. 2. Multivariate regre
A review was performed of eight previously performed investigations of environmental impacts from end-consumer food waste prevention. The overall aim of the study was to investigate the state of the art in these assessments, identify key factors which could explain seen variations in GWP-emission savings, and suggest methodological improvements leading to increased potentials for cross-study compa
Software systems are becoming increasingly ubiquitous and can be found in devices we use every day from mobile phones to cars. As our reliance on software-based systems increases, our tolerance with software that is ill-fitted to our needs decreases. We expect these devices to function whenever and however we need them to. However, developing these (often) large and complex software systems to mee
Popular Abstract in Swedish Skador på skelettet kan uppstå efter bl.a. olyckor, tumörkirurgi eller strålning. Ofta är sådana skador mycket handikappande då de påverkar kroppens funktion, stabilitet och utseende. Om benvävnad saknas eller måste bytas ut använder man sig idag av mikrokirurgiska metoder, där man flyttar kroppseget ben från ett ställe till ett annat. Tyvärr innebär detta att man skapaBone deficiencies, caused by malformations, trauma or adverse effects from medical treatments, are a clinical challenge and often associated with reduced physical function and quality of life. Autologeous bone grafts can be used to reconstruct skeletal defects, but the right size and quality of bone might not always be available and even so, donor-site morbidity might follow. A pre-fabricated or t
Background and Purpose-Genetic variation influences risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Hypertension (HTN) is a potent risk factor for ICH and several common genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]) associated with blood pressure levels have been identified. We sought to determine whether the cumulative burden of blood pressure-related SNPs is associated with risk of ICH and p
Ovako Ajax me, in York, South Carolina, USA manufactures seamless steel rings. The rings are made from blocks, which are heated, pressed, punched and then rolled to desired size and shape. Due to tougher competition on the seamless steel ring market, it is necessary to know the total production time for an order of specific rings, in order to be able to price the rings correctly and plan the prod
IntroductionAnal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is an HPV-related tumor primarily treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Salvage surgery is reserved for patients with residual or recurrent disease following CRT, representing a highly selected, high-risk subgroup. Population-based data on outcomes and prognostic factors after salvage surgery are limited. This study aimed to assess overall
De senaste 100 åren har den globala medeltemperaturen ökat i genomsnitt 0,74 grader, vilket medför stora effekter för såväl människor som djur och natur. En av de största konsekvenserna till den globala uppvärmningen är att den stigande havsnivån blir allt mer påtaglig världen över. Glaciärer och inlandsisar har börjat smälta allt mer, där avsmältningen medför en global ökning i havsnivån. HavsnivThe rising sea level is becoming more evident around the world as less as well as more developed countries are starting to fully comprehend the consequenses. It is also generally accepted that the sea level rise is accelerated by human-induced global warming. Glaciers and ice sheets are melting more and more, which together with temperature induced thermal expansion of the seas which leads to a gl
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Kolcykeln är enkelt uttryckt den globala balansräkningen av kolets (C) förflyttning genom olika sfärer såsom mellan atmosfären och biosfären, således är kolcykeln av stor betydelse för mänsklighetens existens. Exempelvis har atmosfäriska koncentrationer av koldioxid (CO2) och metan (CH4) ökat de senaste 200 hundra åren på grund av mänskliga aktiviteter (till stoCarbon is central to our existence. It plays a fundamental role in the carbon cycle. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) have been increasing for about two centuries as a result of human activities. The need to understand how carbon cycles through the Earth-system is important for a variety of reasons, but mainly in order to assess the effects of these rising green
Sammanfattning Enligt svensk rätt krävs det att parterna till en transaktion har vidtagit ett sakrättsligt moment för att en förvärvare av lös egendom ska vara skyddad mot överlåtarens borgenärer. Vilket sakrättsligt moment som uppställs varierar beroende på vilken typ av egendom som transaktionen rör. Vid förvärv av lösöre vinner köparen som huvudregel skydd mot säljarens borgenärer först när vaSummary Swedish law requires that the parties to a transaction have fulfilled a controllable measure in order for a buyer of movable property to obtain protection against the seller’s creditors. What kind of controllable measure that needs to be carried out varies depending on what type of property the transaction concerns. When the purchase concerns chattels the main rule is that the buyer recei
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning I Arktis finns det enorma lager av kol som ligger i och under permafrosten, vilket är frusen mark som inte har tinat på två år. Mycket tyder på att delar av dessa lager är känsliga för en temperaturökning och idag sker en pågående uppvärmning. Arktis värms snabbare än övriga jorden på grund av att vit reflekterande is och snö smälter, vilket resulterar i att hav The permafrost area in the Arctic region contains vast carbon stocks within and beneath the permafrost, which is frozen ground that has not thawed in two years. These carbon stocks are sensitive to ongoing global warming. When the white and reflective snow and ice melts, the remaining land and sea surfaces absorb more shortwave radiation and get warmer. Heat transport to the Arctic will also incre
Svensk lagstiftning om offentlig upphandling bygger på EU-direktiv. Grundtanken bakom upphandlingsdirektiven är att värna om de friheter som följer av den inre marknadens reglering och att bidra till en effektiv konkurrens där upphandlande myndigheter från olika medlemsländer ska kunna tävla om offentliga kontrakt på lika villkor. En upphandlande myndighet som på förhand har svårt att bestämma voSwedish legislation on public procurement is based on EU-directives. The basic idea behind the public procurement directives is to protect the freedoms derived from the regulation of the internal market and to contribute to effective competition in which contracting authorities from different Member States should be able to compete for public contracts on equal terms. A contracting authority that
Salinisation is a global issue which leads to desertification and soil degradation and exposure to salt is also known to inhibit microbial activity and plant growth. This study was conducted to determine the influence of salinity on microbial activity of a non- saline soil. By using Salt Induced Community Tolerance (SICT) concept I found that microbial community tolerance to salt can be induced in
The importance of recycling nutrients becomes more important as the finite resources starts running out, and recycling of urine nutrients is an important factor in developing a sustainable society that takes advantage of nutrients already existing in the system. Urine only represents one percent of the domestic wastewater volumetric flow, but contains 80 % of the nitrogen, 50 % of the phosphorus a
När ett problem identifieras av statsmakten som bedöms beröra samhällslivet står inte sällan lösningen att finna inom straffrättens sfär. Metoden är enkel: det måste till fler och hårdare straff. Åtminstone är det enkelt att bilda sig den uppfattningen utifrån det offentliga samtalet och den bild som presenteras i våra nyhetsmedier. Samtidigt styrs straffrätten av principer som är ämnade att uppräWhen a socially relevant problem is identified by the state, the solution is often found in the sphere of criminal justice. The method is simple: more and harsher penalties are necessary. At the very least, it is easy to be led to believe so based on the public dialogue and the image presented by the media. At the same time, criminal law is governed by principles intended to uphold the restrictive
