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Aerosol particles affect Earth’s climate system by scattering and absorbing light. The perturbation of the climate system caused by a change in aerosol configuration due to anthropogenic emissions has recently improved. However, the radiation balance and hydrological cycle of Earth are also highly influenced by clouds: a small change in cloud configuration can have a large effect on the climate. C
Anion-exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells are promising electrochemical systems for efficient and environmentally benign energy conversion. However, the development of high-performance fuel cells requires new AEMs tailored for high conductivity and chemical stability. Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of AEMs with polycationic side chains attached to poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO)
The performance of a dry sampler, with an impregnated denuder in series with a glass fibre filter, using di-n-butylamine (DBA) for airborne isocyanates (200ml min-1) is investigated and compared with an impinger flask with a glass fibre filter in series (1 l min-1). An exposure chamber containing 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocy
Two series of dendronized polymers (DPs) of generations g = 1–4 with different levels of dendritic substitution (low and high) and a solvatochromic probe at g = 1 level are used to study their swelling behavior in a collection of solvents largely differing in polarity as indicated by the Kamlet–Taft parameters. This is done by measuring the UV-Vis spectra of all samples in all solvents and determi
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD65Ab) are common in new onset Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients but it is unclear if this marker is also prevalent in patients of other ethnic backgrounds. We determined antibodies against human recombinant GAD in Japanese diabetic patients using a radioimmunoassay with competition between in vitro translated 35S-GAD65 and non-labelled
All languages borrow words from other languages. Some languages are more prone to borrowing, while others borrow less, and different domains of the vocabulary are unequally susceptible to borrowing. Languages typically borrow words when a new concept is introduced, but languages may also borrow a new word for an already existing concept. Linguists describe two causalities for borrowing: need, i.e.
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly fatal cancer with currently limited opportunities for early detection and effective treatment. Modifiable factors may offer pathways for primary prevention. In this study, the association between the Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) and PC risk was examined. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, 1113 incident PC (57% women)
Background: Complex I (CI or NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) deficiency is the most frequent cause of mitochondrial respiratory chain defect. Successful attempts to rescue CI function by introducing an exogenous NADH dehydrogenase, such as the NDI1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScNDI1), have been reported although with drawbacks related to competition with CI. In contrast to ScNDI1, which is perm
BACKGROUND: The assessment of the peritoneal membrane capacity and physiology of the individual patient is becoming increasingly important. It allows the prescription of an individualized peritoneal dialysis (PD)-regimen, and the monitoring of peritoneal membrane function over time. The PDC(TM) program offers the possibility to evaluate the peritoneal membrane characteristics and to predict solute
A numerical method is applied to model the fracture stress and failure location in glass panes subjected to various bending arrangements. The method assumes the weakest-link principle and the existence of surface microcracks. The fracture stress and failure origin are revealed through a search algorithm. The magnitude of strength and the location of fracture are stochastic in nature and can be pre
Nodularia spumigena is a toxic cyanobacteria that blooms in the Baltic Sea every year. In the brackish water of the Baltic Sea, its toxin, nodularin, mainly affects the biota in the surface water due to the natural buoyancy of this species. However, the fate of the toxin is unknown, once the cyanobacteria bloom enters the more saline waters of the Kattegat. In order to investigate this knowledge g
AIMS: Red cell distribution width (RDW) has been associated with cardiovascular disease, but the relation to heart failure (HF) is unclear. We investigated the association between RDW and incidence of first hospitalization due to HF in a population-based cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: Red cell distribution width was measured in 26 784 subjects (aged 45-73 years, 61% women), without history of myocar
BACKGROUND: Atrial septal pacing (ASP) has been shown to shorten P-wave duration (PWD) and reduce recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with bradyarrhythmias. However, variability of interatrial connections and atrial conduction properties may explain ASP's modest clinical benefit. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ASP site on the duration of the paced P wave. METHODS
OBJECTIVE: To identify factors predicting response to first TNF blocking treatment course in patients with established RA with a special focus on gender differences. METHODS: Patients with active RA initiating their first treatment course of TNF-blocking therapy were enrolled. The study period was March 1999 through September 2006. The prospective protocol included information on demographics, cli
BACKGROUND/AIM: Achieving negative margins while ensuring a safe reconstruction is known to be challenging in junctional tumors involving both the stomach and the distal esophagus. When a gastric conduit or a transhiatal Roux limb is precluded, a transthoracic long Roux limb reconstruction offers an alternative. Open approaches have traditionally carried high morbidity rates, but advances in minim
The EU Nature Restoration Regulation (NRR) aims to shift forest ecosystems towards increased naturalness, with long-term benefits for biodiversity. Here we model two scenarios of restoration in a southern Swedish production forest landscape, combining the re-establishment of forest habitat types with management practices of reduced intensity. We analyze temporal developments in key biodiversity in
Background The absolute and relative risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remains largely unexplored. We conducted a nationwide cohort study to explore this. Objectives To calculate risk of developing VTE among MASLD. Methods This nationwide, population-based matched cohort study in Sweden included all individuals
Land use/vegetation cover change, reflecting a range of human land use practices, is the most prevalent and immediate influence on alterations in soil quality. The physical structure of soil is crucial for safeguarding soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), as it modulates the physical protection mechanisms and the distribution of these elements within the soil. Nevertheless, the impact of soil physica
High levels of ADAM17 activity have emerged as an important mediator in severe COVID-19. This study aims to characterize eventual causal relationships between ADAM17 and COVID-19. Using Mendelian randomization analyses, we examined the causal effects of circulating ADAM17 on COVID-19 outcomes using summary statistics from large, genome-wide association studies of ADAM17 (up to 35,559 individuals)
