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Many phosphatases make use of metal ions to aid catalysis of phosphate ester hydrolysis. Here, we investigate the impact of metal ions on the potential energy surface (PES), and hence the preferred reaction mechanism, for a simple model for hydrolysis of phosphate ester monoanions. We show that, while both associative (A(N) + D(N)) and dissociative (D(N) + A(N)) mechanisms are represented on the p
Lately, interest has increased in using Virtual Reality (VR) in residential care facilities to increase accessibility to nature experiences. It is widely acknowledged that nature benefits health, and various theories exist regarding its restorative effects. Studies of virtual natural environments often start from predetermined mediating mechanisms and health outcomes. However, virtual nature is fu
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a precipitating non-aqueous amine technology that can potentially lower the energy demand during CO2 removal from industrial flue gases compared to aqueous amine technologies. However, DMSO is hygroscopic and has a high possibility of absorbing water from humid flue gases, which can affect the physical properties of the system,
We propose an adaptive change point detection method (A-CPD) for machine guided weak label annotation of audio recording segments. The goal is to maximize the amount of information gained about the temporal activations of the target sounds. For each unlabeled audio recording, we use a prediction model to derive a probability curve used to guide annotation. The prediction model is initially pre-tra
Collective intelligence (CI) in demand-side management (DSM) can enhance the flexibility of urban energy systems. Extreme climates cause intensively high loads on the urban energy systems resulting in power outages. To avoid this, quick responses are needed from buildings to adjust their operation in favor of the grid. Most of the available approaches are computationally expensive. CI-DSM offers a
We compared the Q10 relationship for root-derived respiration (including respiration due to the root, external mycorrhizal mycelium and rhizosphere microorganisms) with that of mainly external ectomycorrhizal mycelium and that of bulk soil microorganisms without any roots present. This was studied in a microcosm consisting of an ectomycorrhizal Pinus muricata seedling growing in a sandy soil, and
Cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are enzymes involved in transducing a vast number of signals in metazoans, The importance of the Tec family of kinases was immediately recognized when, in 1993, mutations in the gene encoding Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) were reported to cause the human disease X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA).((1,2)) Since then, additional kinases belonging to this f
This article discusses known or suspected effects of maternal use of antidepressants during pregnancy on pregnancy outcome. It is unlikely that any marked teratogenic effect occurs with the possible exception of an increased risk for cardiovascular defects after maternal use of clomipramine or paroxetine. An increased risk for preterm birth is seen. Transient neonatal symptoms are common after the
Stripping gas is generally used to improve hydrogen yields in fermentations. Since CO2 is relatively easy to separate from hydrogen it could be an interesting stripping gas. However, a higher partial CO2 pressure is accompanied with an increased CO2 uptake in the liquid, where it hydrolyses and induces an increased requirement of NaOH to maintain the pH. This enhances the osmotic pressure in the c
We have previously raised two monoclonal antibodies (7B1, 14F11) recognizing the high-affinity leukotriene B4 receptor, BLT1. They were presently used to determine receptor surface expression in the hematopoietic system. In peripheral blood, BLT1 was primarily recognized in granulocytes, monocytes and, to a lower extent, in certain lymphocytes except the CD4 subpopulation. The expression pattern w
The number of applications sharing the same embedded device is increasing dramatically. Very efficient mechanisms (resource managers) for assigning the CPU time to all demanding applications are needed. Unfortunately, existing optimization-based resource managers consume too much resource themselves. In this paper, we address the problem of distributed convergence to fair allocation of CPU resourc
Free space optics is an interesting alternative for telemetry with medical implants, due to the high data bandwidths available at optical frequencies. Especially implanted brain-computer interfaces gives rise to large data sets that needs to be transmitted transcutaneous. In this paper we show that it is possible to establish such a link at near-IR wavelengths using a modulated reflector in the im
Virtual communities and social networks assume and consume more aspects of people's lives. In these evolving social spaces, the boundaries between actual and virtual reality, between living individuals and their virtual bodies, and between private and public domains are becoming ever more blurred. As a result, users and their presentations of self, as expressed through virtual bodies, are increasi
In this study we investigate the effect of programmed cross-flows on the error in the hydrodynamic radii (r(h)) determination with asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AsFlFFF). Three different standard polystyrene particles (nominal radii of 30 and 40 and 50nm) are fractionated with exponentially and linearly decaying cross-flows with different decay rates. Hydrodynamic radii are calculate
The risk of hip fracture rises rapidly with age, and is particularly high in women. This increase in fracture risk reflects both the age-related change in the risk of falling and decrements in the strength of the proximal femur. To better understand the extent to which proximal femoral density, structure and strength change with age as a function of gender, we have carried out a longitudinal analy
Patients and methods: We conducted a study among 5533 survivors of testicular cancer on the basis of Swedish Family-Cancer Database for which the cancer data were retrieved from the nationwide Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of second cancer were calculated by comparing with the rates of the first cancers. The follow-up was started in 1980 and carried on through 2006. Results
OBJECTIVE-Although insulin resistance (IR) may underlie associations between depressive symptoms and diabetes, previous findings have been contradictory. We examined whether depressive symptoms associate with IR and insulin secretion, and, additionally, whether antidepressant medication use may modulate such associations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-A total of 4,419 individuals underwent an oral g
Background Histological examination of small bowel biopsies is normally the gold standard for the diagnosis of celiac disease (CD). The objective of this study was to investigate whether the rate of decreases in elevated plasma IgA tissue transglutaminase antibody (IgA-tTG) and/or IgG deamidated gliadin peptides antibody (IgG - DGP) concentrations could be used as a confirming test for CD in child
In this paper the problem of tracking multiple objects in image sequences is studied. A Hidden Markov Model describing the movements of multiple objects is presented. Previously similar models have been used, but in real time system the standard dynamic programming Viterbi algorithm is typically not used to find the global optimum state sequence, as it requires that all past and future observation
