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A growing body of research supports stromal tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density in breast cancer to be a robust prognostic and predicive biomarker. The gold standard for stromal TIL density quantitation in breast cancer is pathologist visual assessment using haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides. Artificial intelligence/machine-learning algorithms are in development to automate the stroma

Background: Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) which necessitates monitoring of risk factors and appropriate pharmacotherapy. This study aimed to identify factors predicting emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and mortality among T2D patients after being newly diagnosed with CVD. Methods: In a retrospective observation

The use of timber as a construction material demands continuous improvements of our knowledge about the material and computational techniques for structural analysis and design.In this report the fracture properties of wood are studied and implemented into numerical crack propagation models. The numerical algorithms are utilized for computing the development of cracks in structural elements. Six t

For the assessment of value of new therapies in healthcare, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) agencies often review the cost per Quality-Adjusted Life-Years (QALY) gained. Some HTAs accept a higher cost per QALY gained when treatment is aimed at prolonging survival for patients with a short expected remaining lifetime, a so called End-Of-Life (EoL) premium. The objective of this study is to elici

P4 ATPase flippases translocate phospholipids across biomembranes, thus contributing to the establishment of transmembrane lipid asymmetry, a feature important for multiple cellular processes. The mechanism by which such phospholipid flipping occurs remains elusive as P4 ATPases transport a giant substrate very different from that of other P-type ATPases such as Na+/K+-and Ca2+-ATPases. Based on a

Cells regulate copper levels tightly to balance the biogenesis and integrity of copper centers in vital enzymes against toxic levels of copper. PIB -type Cu(+)-ATPases play a central role in copper homeostasis by catalyzing the selective translocation of Cu(+) across cellular membranes. Crystal structures of a copper-free Cu(+)-ATPase are available, but the mechanism of Cu(+) recognition, binding,

Advanced Parkinson's disease (APD) is characterized by increased functional disability, caused by motor complications, the presence of axial symptoms, and emergent disease- and drug-related non-motor symptoms. One of the advanced therapies available is intrajejunal infusion of levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG); however, patient selection for this treatment is sometimes difficult, particular

The current procedure of doctoral itinerary does not leave many choices to the doctoral supervisor: Once admitted, the doctoral student is required to defend three reports that are not graded in any way, and the commission can only offer some recommendations. The PhD supervisor cannot reject the report before supporting it. Everything is more a formality. Understanding this, many PhD students do n

In patients with severe haemophilia, spontaneous bleeding into joints initiates a sequence of events culminating in disabling arthropathy. Early evidence from Sweden suggested that clotting factor prophylaxis improved patient outcomes. Recent randomized, controlled trials comparing prophylaxis with on-demand treatment have definitively shown that prophylaxis reduces bleeding and improves joint out

An experimental study has been conducted to investigate if a new and simple system, that is, stripes of high-bright dynamic green LED lights installed on the floor, can support people way-finding in smoke-filled railway tunnel evacuations. The impact of way-finding installations on people evacuation (intended as people movement paths and evacuation times) has been studied using Oculus Rift, a head

Aim: To present the utilization of a highly interactive, internet-based, package for ophthalmological content. Summary of work: The clinical ophthalmology rotation in Malmö is a 6 weeks on-campus period integrated with ENT. Weekly interactive internet-based theory parts include, (1) a PBL scenario (pathophysiology and basic sciences), (2) a series of case presentations (management principles), (3)

Popular Abstract in Swedish LUNGVOLYMER OCH LUNGMEKANIK HOS BARN UNDER ANESTESI Avhandlingen är avsedd att fylla luckor i vårt vetande vad gäller normal utveckling av lungvolymer och lungans elasticitet hos barn, från tidiga spädbarnstiden till tonåren. Speciellt har tidigare funnits en brist på data hos barn yngre än skolåldern. Undersökningarna gjordes i narkos och under muskelavslappning. MätnThe thesis was intended to fill gaps in the knowledge regarding the normal development of lung volumes and lung mechanics in children, from young infancy to the mid-teens. In particular, data were previously lacking regarding pre-school children. The studies were done during anesthesia and muscle relaxation. Measurements: · Absolute lung volume was obtained with a tracer gas method (sulfur hexaf

Popular Abstract in English Nowadays road, air and sea transport activities around the world are almost completely dependent on finite and polluting oil fuels. Biofuels are fuels produced from biomass which can be used to substitute gasoline and diesel in cars, busses and (soon) planes. Where oil was created millions of years ago and is soon reaching its limit, biofuels are renewable fuels which cThe dependency of transport on oil fuels is responsible for risks of energy supply security, and local, regional and global environmental problems, including the emission of greenhouse gases affecting the Earth’s climate system. Biofuels attracted considerable attention in recent years as a solution to these problems. However, the deployment of biofuel technologies poses as many opportunities to b

There has been considerable interest in the directionality of resource specialisation during the diversification of lineages. We developed a quantitative method to investigate habitat specialisation in a radiation of New Zealand triplefin fishes, as habitat use appears to be an important axis of diversification in this marine group. The degree of specialisation in 15 species was calculated by comp

Here we present unequivocal experimental proof that microscale cofactor- and membrane-less, direct electron transfer based enzymatic fuel cells do produce significant amounts of electrical energy in human lachrymal liquid (tears). 100μm diameter gold wires, covered with 17nm gold nanoparticles, were used to fashion three-dimensional nanostructured microelectrodes, which were biomodified with Coryn

A simple method for the formation of molecular recognition sites in polymer nanofibers was developed. Electrospun nanofibers were prepared from a Solution mixture of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and polyallylamine in the presence of a template molecule, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The polyamine was used to provide functional groups that interact with the template during the elect

In Sierra Leone, West Africa, there are many people with disabilities in need of rehabilitation services after a long civil war. Purpose: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of prosthetic and orthotic service delivery in Sierra Leone from the local staff's perspective. Method: Fifteen prosthetic and orthotic technicians working at all the rehabilitation centres providi

Popular Abstract in English Peter is a part-time cocoa farmer who produces cocoa beans that are used for chocolate production. However, he has always wondered about the efficient utilisation of the residual cocoa pods, which seem to contain sugar as they attract bees. He discussed this with a student studying a biological process whereby organic material can be converted to biogas and a residue thThe replacement of fossil fuels by renewable fuels such as biogas and biohydrogen will require efficient and economically competitive process technologies together with new kinds of biomass. A two-stage system for biogas production has several advantages over the widely used one-stage continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). However, it has not yet been widely implemented on a large scale. Biohydro

The achievement of a sustainable society is ultimately an educational enterprise. E-learning has a role to play in this endeavour, as it permits global access to environmental education, independent of time and place,once the courses are available on the Internet. Besides reaching new target groups not able to attend higher education on campus, e-learning may potentially be a more resource efficie