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Microsieving in primary treatment : Effect of chemical dosing

Primary and chemically enhanced primary wastewater treatment with microsieving (disc or drum filtration) was studied at the large pilot scale at seven municipal wastewater treatment plants in Europe. Without chemical dosing, the reduction of suspended solids (SS) was (on average) 50% (20-65%). By introducing chemically enhanced primary treatment and dosing with cationic polymer only, SS removal co

Physiological and psychological reactions to work in men and women with identical job tasks

Differences in physiological functioning in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex axis and the autonomic nervous system have been suggested to contribute to many of the health differences that may be observed between men and women as well as being relevant for the development of musculoskeletal pain. To clarify whether men and women with identical work tasks reacted differently when doing work

Economic Analyses of Drinking Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling fokuserar på två av de många faktorer som är av fundamental betydelse både för människors välfärd och för ett lands utveckling dvs. val av dricksvattenkälla och toalettfacilitet. I avhandlingen analyseras olika aspekter av hushållsefterfrågan på dessa två faktorer med hjälp av data från Filippinerna och Bangladesh. Avhandlingen består av fem kapitel, etThis thesis focuses on different aspects of household demand, and the determinants of demand, for water and sanitation related inputs fundamental to the households' well-being, i.e. drinking water and toilet facilities. The thesis consists of five chapters, one introductory chapter and four self-contained, essentially empirical, studies. In chapter two, Women's Health Choices and the Effects on C

On the missed opportunity cost, GUD, and estimating environmental quality

The missed opportunity cost (MOC), i.e., all foregone alternatives while foraging in a patch, is an important aspect of the cost-benefit analysis of foraging patch use. When making between-environment comparisons it will often be the most important factor influencing behavior, but it has received less interest than other foraging costs. In this paper, we focus on differences between individuals li

User-related Assessment of the Highway Automation System of VW

The aim of the user-related assessment was to evaluate the effects on driver behaviour, experiences, reactions, expected effects and acceptance of the Highway Automation” system, developed by VW in sub-project 6 of the AdaptIVe IP. The driving functions were developed as level 3 (conditional automation) functions so the driver does not have to monitor the system while driving. The system provides

Atrial time and voltage dispersion are both needed to predict new-onset atrial fibrillation in ischemic stroke patients

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a known risk factor for ischemic stroke. Electrocardiographic predictors of AF in population studies such as the Framingham Heart Study, as well as in hypertensive patients have demonstrated a predictive value of the P-wave duration for development of AF. QRS vector magnitude has had a predictive value in ventricular arrhythmia development. We aimed to asses

Absolute lung size and the sex difference in breathlessness in the general population

Background Breathlessness is associated with major adverse health outcomes and is twice as common in women as men in the general population. We evaluated whether this is related to their lower absolute lung volumes. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of the population-based Swedish CardioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) Pilot, including static spirometry and diffusing capacity (n = 1,013; 49% women)

Coupling of neutron optics and shielding using Vitess and Geant4

När den här rapporten skrivs har forskningsanläggningen European Spallation Source (ESS) börjat byggas i Lund. ESS förväntas bidra till nya upptäckter inom många olika ämnen, till exempel materialforskning, medicin, partikelfysik och arkeologi. I det här projektet har jag undersökt hur datorsimuleringar av neutronflödet på ESS skulle kunna förbättras genom att koppla ihop två simuleringsprogram soThe European Spallation Source (ESS) will be a material research center built around a powerful neutron source. At ESS, researchers will be able to carry out precise measurements using neutron scattering. The quality of the measurements is determined by the signal-to-noise ratio. The signal consists of neutrons with energies that are useful for experiments, while neutrons with higher energies cons

Ändamålet helgar (tvångs)medlen? - Om polisiär användning av tvångsmedel vid misstanke om ringa narkotikabrott

Sedan 1993 äger svensk polis rätt att använda de så kallade öppna tvångsmedlen husrannsakan, beslag, kroppsvisitation och kroppsbesiktning när det föreligger misstanke om ringa narkotikabrott. Integritetsskyddskommittén vittnade år 2007 om att Justitieombudsmannen och Justitiekanslern varje år får ta emot flera klagomål kring användningen av dessa tvångsmedel. Med anledning av detta ställer uppsatThe Swedish Police Authority has since 1993 the right to use a number of coercive measures when faced with a suspected case of petty drug offense. The measures permitted to be used by the police in these cases are search, seizure, personal body search and intimate search. In 2007 a parliamentary committee stated that a number of reports of irregular use of the coercive measures had been received b

Folkdomstolen på sociala medier - Rättsliga konsekvenser av utpekanden av sexualbrottslingar

Under hösten 2017 spreds hashtaggen #metoo som en lavin på sociala medier. Upprinnelsen till hashtaggen var ett utpekande av en filmproducent som avslöjades ha utsatt flertalet kvinnor inom den amerikanska filmbranschen för sexuella övergrepp. I samband med avslöjandet uppmanade en amerikansk skådespelerska sina kvinnliga kollegor att offentliggöra sina erfarenheter av sexuella övergrepp under hasIn the fall of 2017, the hashtag #metoo spread virally on social media. The hashtag started when a Hollywood film producer was accused of having exposed several women in the American film industry of sexual abuse. In connection with the allegations, an American actress encouraged her female colleagues to publish their experiences of sexual abuse under the hashtag of me too. The hashtag was first u

Environmental governance in armed conflicts: A case study in eastern Ukraine

Environmental damage during armed conflicts can create significant risks to the civilian population. It is associated with acute and long-term threats to public health and livelihoods, limited access to such resources as water. On top of direct impact (e.g. physical destruction), secondary impact (e.g. resulting from coping strategies of populations), armed conflicts also weaken environmental gove

Målsägandens straffprocessuella ställning - rätten att biträda åtalet i ett rättsutvecklingsperspektiv

Idag gäller allmän åtalsrätt som huvudregel. Målsägandens åtalsrätt aktualiseras först då åklagaren beslutar att inte åtala. Den åklagarförda processen tillerkänner dock målsäganden möjlighet att biträda åtalet och vidta processhandlingar som kan påverka ansvarsfrågan. Rätten att biträda åtalet härstammar från 1948 och motiverades aldrig i förarbetena. Uppsatsen undersöker hur målsägandens straffpThe responsibility for the criminal procedure lies mainly on the state prosecutor. The plaintiff’s right of prosecution is depending on the prosecutor’s decision to waive indictment. However, the plaintiff may participate in a way that might affect the liability issue by assisting the prosecution. The right to assist the prosecution, originating from 1948, was never justified in its legislative hi

The European Migrant Crisis and the fortune of right-wing populist parties

In 2015, Europe faced one of the most extensive refugee flows since the Second World War. The situation forced European Governments to take actions on immigration issues to handle the increasing inflows of asylum seekers. We draw on Meguid’s theory on party strategies to examine whether mainstream parties policies of immigration affects the public support of right-wing populist parties. Simultaneo

Civilprocessuella säkerhetsåtgärder vid tvist om aktieägaravtal

Syftet med denna uppsats är att ge en grundläggande överblick över materiell- och processuellrättsliga överväganden som aktualiseras vid en ansökan om civilprocessuella säkerhetsåtgärder inom ramen för ett aktieägaravtalsförhållande. Målet är att illustrera den praktiska tillämpningen och funktionen av civilprocessuella säkerhetsåtgärder i en situation där en aktieägaravtalspart hotas av kontraktsThe purpose of this thesis is to give a general view over the procedural and material considerations that arise at the application for precautionary or interim measures in the context of shareholders agreements, according to Swedish law and jurisprudential doctrine. The objective is to illustrate the possibility, function and application of precautionary and interim measures in a situation where a

Högsta domstolens gränsdragning av medvetenhetskravet i NJA 2020 s. 169 – En förflyttning eller precision?

Av skuldprincipen följer att ett brott inte föreligger såvida gärningen inte företagits med uppsåt. I uppsåtsrekvisitet ligger ett allmänt krav på medvetenhet. Uppfyllande av detta krav utgör en nödvändighet för att uppsåt ska anses föreligga. Vart gränsen för medvetenhet går har utformats i praxis och doktrin och bedömningen åligger domstolarna. Medvetenhetskravet torde bli särskilt aktuellt i dThe guilt principle means that one cannot be punished for something they are not guilty of. In order to be found guilty one must be considered to be somewhat aware of what they are doing (a sort of ‘awareness requirement’). This requirement constitutes a necessity in order to be found guilty of a crime. The extent of awareness which is required has been embodied as a result of case law and legal d

Shear stiffness of cross laminated timber diaphragms - A study of the influence of connection and member stiffness

I dagens samhälle finns en ökande trend avseende användning av trä som bärande konstruktionsmaterial, särskilt i bostadshus. En relativt ny träprodukt är korslimmat massivträ (KL-trä). De olika KL-träskivorna inom en golv- eller takkonstruktion ansluts vanligtvis till varandra med skruvförband. Såväl skivans styvhet som anslutningens styvhet påverkar konstruktionens beteende vid horisontell belastSince ancient times, buildings have been constructed with the use of timber and during the modern era, new types of timber products have been developed. Today, more constructions, especially residential buildings are being built with timber as the main load-bearing material. By utilizing timber in buildings, the amount of greenhouse gases emitted in production decreases compared to other common ma

Integritet på exekutiv auktion – en kritisk analys av 6 kap. 12 a § UB

I augusti 2022 infördes en ny regel om distansutmätning. Regeln har tagit plats i 6 kap. 12 a § UB och ger Polismyndigheten möjlighet att säkerställa egendom inför utmätning. Detta kan ske i fall då polistjänstemän inom ramen för sitt normala uppdrag kommer i kontakt med egendom som de misstänker kan utmätas. I dessa fall kan Polismyndigheten på plats ringa KFM och fråga om ägaren har indrivningsb

Stepping on the cracks—transcending the certainties of big data analytics

Every aspect of modern life is dominated by decision-making and the availability of data. We constantly access, process and evaluate data as we navigate complex and uncertain problem spaces. Communication and Information Technologies (ICTs) have developed to a point where it is possible for very large data sets, measured in Exabyte, to be stored across many servers and gathered by many different p