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Cholecystokinin (CCK)-expressing basket cells encompass a subclass of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons that regulate memory-forming oscillatory network activity of the hippocampal formation in accordance to the emotional and motivational state of the animal, conveyed onto these cells by respective extrahippocampal afferents. Various excitatory and inhibitory afferent and efferent synapses of the
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the extent of unstructured HIV treatment interruptions (TIs) and investigate the effects of socioeconomic, socio-demographic, HIV treatment-related and clinical factors on the magnitude and rate of the same among adult patients at a Kenyan regional referral center. Four hundred and twenty-one adult patients actively receiving antiretroviral therapy a
BACKGROUND: Polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are characterised by the expansion of CAG triplet repeats in specific genes. The accumulated encoded proteins affect the transcription of numerous transcription factors. We investigated whether polyQ diseases reduce the risk of cancer development. METHODS: Data on patients with the polyQ diseases Huntington's disease (HD), spinobulbar muscular atrophy (
OBJECTIVE: To examine different aggrecanase generated fragments in synovial fluid (SF) from patients with acute and chronic knee injuries and from knee healthy subjects. METHODS: We prepared SF-D1 samples from acute (n=35) and chronic (n=35) knee injury patients and knee healthy subjects (n=10). Aggrecan fragments were analyzed in the SF-D1 samples by quantitative (G1, ARGS, KEEE and G3 antibodies
Summary. Physical activity has been considered as an important factor for bone density and as a factor facilitating prevention of osteoporosis. Bone density has been reported to be reduced in haemophilia. To examine the relation between different aspects of physical activity and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with severe haemophilia on long-term prophylaxis. The study group consisted of 38
We have explored the potential of cell factory-derived bioactive molecules, isolated from conditioned media of primary goat chondrocytes, for the repair of subchondral cartilage defects. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirms the presence of transforming growth factor-β1 in an isolated protein fraction (12.56 ± 1.15 ng/mg protein fraction). These bioactive molecules were used alone or
PURPOSE: To determine if the curve length, curve form, and location of the lower-end vertebra can identify the type of scoliosis. METHODS: Standing posteroanterior and lateral radiographs of 78 women and 27 men with scoliosis aged 8 to 32 years were retrospectively analysed. Parameters measured were (1) the curve length (the number of vertebrae in the main curve), (2) the curve form (C-form, inver
Ordet populism förekommer flitigt i den nordiska politiska retoriken just nu, inte minst i kölvattnet av Sverigedemokraternas och Sannfinländarnas valframgångar. I Norden har populism kommit att bli liktydigt med främlingsfientlighet i kombination med nationalism och konservativ värdepolitik; det har kommit att fungera som etikett på en grupp misshagliga partier som man helst vill slippa befatta s
Scand J Caring Sci; 2011 Individual placement and support - a model to get employed for people with mental illness - the first Swedish report of outcomes Lack of participation in the open labour market is highly prevalent for people with a mental illness across countries, and the proportion of people who get some kind of sickness benefit because of mental illness is steadily growing in Europe. Voc
During development, information about the three-dimensional shape and mechanical properties of the body is laid down in the synaptic connectivity of sensorimotor systems through adaptive mechanisms. This functional adaptation occurs through alteration of connection properties. Here, we characterize the differences between strong and weak connections in the nociceptive withdrawal reflex in adult de
We have examined long-term growth-factor expanded human neural progenitors following transplantation into the adult rat brain. Cells, obtained from the forebrain of a 9-week old fetus, propagated in the presence of epidermal growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, and leukemia inhibitory factor were transplanted into the striatum, subventricular zone (SVZ), and hippocampus. At 14 weeks, imp
Hyaluronan is a free glycosaminoglycan which is abundant in the extracellular matrix of the developing brain. Although not covalently linked to any protein it can act as a backbone molecule forming aggregates with chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans of the lectican family and link proteins. Using neurocan-GFP as a direct histochemical probe we analyzed the distribution and organization of hyaluronan
The monoclonal antibody 10E4, which recognizes an epitope supposed to contain N-unsubstituted glucosamine, is commonly used to trace heparan sulfate proteoglycans. It has not been fully clarified if the N-unsubstituted glucosamine is required for antibody recognition and if all heparan sulfates carry this epitope. Here we show that the epitope can contain N-unsubstituted glucosamine and that nitri
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) plays a key role in bone formation and maintenance. Studies of polymorphisms within the gene in relation to bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture have been inconsistent. Our aim was to investigate associations between polymorphisms in the BMP2 gene and bone mass, fracture, and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measures at different stages of skeletal development.
The construction sector has been criticised in recent years for being inefficient. The critique involved describes finished buildings as having flaws and there being a lack of interest within the construction sector in assembling knowledge and sharing experience. The construction industry has started working with questions of how efficiency can be increased by reducing the errors made. Knowledge
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease, in part characterized by chronic inflammatory changes in the vessel wall and loss of normal physical and biochemical interactions between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Previous studies [Hu J., Cotgreave IA. J Clin Invest; 99: 1-5] have provided molecular links between inflammation and myoendothelial communication
The adsorption of CO and the reaction of CO with pre-adsorbed oxygen at room temperature has been studied on the (2 x 1)O-Rh(1 1 1) surface and on vanadium oxide-Rh(1 1 1) "inverse model catalyst" surfaces using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and core-level photoemission with synchrotron radiation. Two types of structurally well-defined model catalyst V3O9-Rh(1 1 1) surfaces have been prepar
The interaction between cystatin C variants, in which the evolutionarily conserved Gly-11 residue was substituted by Ala, Glu or Trp, and the cysteine proteinases, papain, ficin, actinidin and cathepsin B, was characterized. The substitutions reduced the affinity of binding in a manner consistent with the Gly residue of the wild-type inhibitor, allowing the N-terminal region to adopt a conformatio
