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The crystal structure of superoxide dismutase (SOD) from the hyper thermophile Sulfolobus solfataricus has been determined at 2.3 Å resolution by molecular replacement and refined to a crystallographic R-factor of 16.8 % (Rfree 19.8 %). The crystals belong to the space group C2 (a = 76.3 Å, b = 124.3 Å,c = 60.3 Å, β = 128.8°) with two identical monomers in the asymmetric unit. The monomer has a mo
The reactions between three sphalerite samples and ethyl- and n-decylxanthate ions have been studied in aqueous and acetone solutions. Qualitative analysis of the species present on the sphalerite surfaces before and after treatment with these ions have been performed by means of diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry has been used to deter
It is commonly assumed that soil-N-15-labelling provides reliable estimates of N-2 fixation in trees by matching N-2-fixing and non-N-2-fixing tree pairs. As root system is a key parameter in determining suitability of the tree pairs, we compared root architecture of Acacia cyanophylla Lindl. and Casuarina glauca Sieber ex. Spreng. (two N-2-fixing trees) with Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. and Cer
Provitamin D2, vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 were identified in the thallus of a lichen species, Cladina arbuscula (Wallr.) Hale and W.L. Culb. The identification of vitamin D3 was supported by: (1) co-chromatography in both reverse and straight phase HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography), (2) ultraviolet absorption spectrum, and (3) molecular ion peaks demonstrated by ESI (electrospray ionisa
Alpha-1 microglobulin (alpha(1)m), a lipocalin, is an evolutionarily conserved immunomodulatory plasma protein. In all species studied, alpha(1)m is synthesized by hepatocytes and catabolized in the renal proximal tubular cells. alpha(1)m deficiency has not been reported in any species, suggesting that its absence is lethal and indicating an important physiological role for this protein To clarify
OBJECTIVE: The increasing number of negative trials for ovarian cancer treatment has prompted an evaluation of new biologic agents, which in combination with chemotherapy may improve survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the response rate in platinum-resistant, KRAS wild-type ovarian cancer patients treated with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) supplemented with panitumumab. PATI
The current most serious side effect of haemophilia treatment is inhibitor development. Significant progress has been made over the last decades to understand why this complication occurs in some patients and it seems clear that both genetic and non-genetic factors are involved. Several issues however remain to be settled. A review was undertaken to summarise some key findings regarding the curren
Collagen IX containing the N-terminal non-collagenous domain 4 (NC4) domain is unique to cartilage and a member of the family of fibril-associated collagens with both collagenous and non-collagenous domains. Collagen IX is located at the surface of fibrils formed by collagen II and a minor proportion of collagen XI, playing roles in tissue stability and integrity. The NC4 domain projects out from
The gas phase selective hydrogenation of a series of nitroarenes (nitrobenzene, p-chloronitrobenzene, p-bromonitrobenzene, p-nitroaniline, p-nitrotoluene, p-nitrophenol and p-nitroanisole) has been examined over Au/TiO2 (0.3 % w/w Au, mean Au particle size = 3.9 nm). Compensation behavior is demonstrated with an associated isokinetic temperature (T-iso) of 558 +/- 32 K. We account for this respons
Glycoside hydrolase (GH) enzymes apply acid/base chemistry to catalyze the decomposition of complex carbohydrates. These ubiquitous enzymes accept protons from solvent and donate them to substrates at close to neutral pH by modulating the pKa values of key side chains during catalysis. However, it is not known how the catalytic acid residue acquires a proton and transfers it efficiently to the sub
The Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test is increasingly recognised as a tool for selecting and pricing biomass material for production of biogas. However, the results for the same substrate often differ between laboratories and much work to standardise such tests is still needed. In the current study, the effects from four environmental factors (i.e. ambient temperature and pressure, water va
Glaciomarine clay found west of Mt Billingen, central Sweden, contains two distinct varve units separated by a sand layer that we interpret to be sediment deposited in the North Sea during the catastrophic drainage of the Baltic Ice Lake (BIL). The lower varve series was deposited proximal to the retreating ice margin and consists of varves that grade upward from gray to red. The upper varve serie
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) escapes the host immune system by recruitment of the complement regulator vitronectin that inhibits the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) by inhibiting C5b-C7 complex formation and C9 polymerization. We previously reported that Hib acquires vitronectin at the surface by using Haemophilus surface fibrils (Hsf). Here we studied in detail the interacti
Aim Our aim was to define the dynamics in collagen concentrations in the large bowel wall following decompression of experimental obstruction. Method Colonic obstruction was created in 28 male rats by the placement of a silicone ring around the distal colon. The ring was removed after 4 days to mimic endoscopical decompression by stent deployment. Colon circumference and collagen concentration wer
Due to variation in pH, ionizable pharmaceuticals entering aquatic environments experience different degrees of ionization, which may affect toxicity. Using data from toxicity testing at only neutral pH may potentially under- or overestimate actual toxicity at pH ranges found in natural aquatic environments. Here we show relative pH-dependent acute toxicity to Daphnia magna for the pharmaceutical
Protein S has an established role in the protein C anticoagulant pathway, where it enhances the factor Va (FVa) and factor VIIIa (FVIIIa) inactivating property of activated protein C (APC). Despite its physiological role and clinical importance, the molecular basis of its action is not fully understood. To clarify the mechanism of the protein S interaction with APC, we have constructed and express
