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B cell homeostasis is regulated by multiple signaling processes, including nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), BAFF-, and B cell receptor signaling. Conditional disruption of genes involved in these pathways has shed light on the mechanisms governing signaling from the cell surface to the nucleus. We describe a novel mouse strain that expresses solely and excessively a naturally occurring splice va
The immune system represents a promising novel target for prevention of atherosclerosis. Several pilot vaccines that reduce atherosclerosis in experimental animals have been developed. The aluminum hydroxide adjuvant Alum has been shown to have antiatherogenic properties in itself, suggesting that it may be a suitable adjuvant in possible future atherosclerosis vaccines. To characterize the immune
Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are associated with decreased expression of genes that regulate oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. To determine whether this defect might be inherited or acquired, we investigated the association of genetic, epigenetic, and nongenetic factors with expression of NDUFB6, a component of the respiratory chain that is decreased in muscle from diabetic p
Popular Abstract in Swedish Läkemedel kan sprutas direkt i ytliga blodkärl genom en så kallad perifer venkateter (PVK). Sådan behandling kallas för intravenös. När läkemedel ges intravenöst orsakar de ibland inflammation i den ven där de sprutas in, vilket kan medföra en ytlig blodpropp i kärlet. Denna biverkning kallas ofta för tromboflebit, men i denna avhandling kallas detta tillstånd för infusIntravenous administration of antibiotics is often followed by infusion phlebitis. In this condition are vessel irritation, inflammation and sometimes superficial thrombosis included. In this thesis, the risk for infusion phlebitis for various antibiotics has been evaluated in a clinical study in 550 patients. Various effects of four antibiotics on cultured endothelial cells have also been examine
Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is a method that can be used to capture the detailed activities of the transport processes at microscale. Here LBM is used to model the porous anode for an anode-supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of electrochemical reactions on the transport processes by a 3D model at microscale. A porous 3D modeling domai
Distal radius fracture is an early indicator of osteoporosis, yet little is known about men with this fracture and osteoporosis prevalence. The purpose of this cross-sectional, controlled study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) in men, from working age to the elderly, with distal radius fracture. Recruitment was as follows: men who fractured during 1999–2000 were evaluated retrospectively
In this chapter, I discuss combined quantum mechanics (QM) and molecular mechanics (MM; QM/MM) calculations for proteins. In QM/MM, a small but interesting part of the protein is treated by accurate QM methods, whereas the remainder is treated by faster MM methods. The prime problems with QM/MM calculations are bonds between the QM and MM systems, the selection of the QM system, and the local-mini
REMO-HAM is a new regional aerosol-climate model. It is based on the REMO regional climate model and includes most of the major aerosol processes. The structure for aerosol is similar to the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM, for example the aerosol module HAM is coupled with a two-moment stratiform cloud scheme. On the other hand, REMO-HAM does not include an online coupled aerosol-radiatio
For the first time, to our knowledge, a nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) has been purified from plant mitochondria (Pisum sativum L.). In intact pea leaf mitochondria, a 17.4-kDa soluble protein was phosphorylated in the presence of EDTA when [γ-32]ATP was used as the phosphate donor. Cell fractionation demonstrated that the 17.4-kDa protein is a true mitochondrial protein, and the lack of acc
Three classes of membrane active peptides (MAPs) are considered in this review: cell penetrating peptides (CPPs); anti-microbial peptides (AMPs), and amyloidal peptides. We summarize both experimental and theoretical results for several representative peptides in these different classes, which highlight commonalities in their interactions with model lipid membranes. While it is clear that no fixed
The effect molecular crowding, defined as the volume exclusion exerted by one soluble inert molecule upon another soluble molecule, has on the structure and self-interaction of lipid-free apoA-I were explored. The influence of molecular crowding on lipid-free apoA-I oligomerization and internal dynamics has been analyzed using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy measurements of nitr
Contemporary precipitation patterns in the Caribbean region are spatially variable, and the small number of Holocene paleoclimatic records may not adequately capture patterns of variation in the past. The hydrological history of Grenada was inferred from paleolimnological analyses of sediment cores from two crater lakes on the island. The basins were formed by volcanic activity some time during th
We describe a simple method to detect significant changes of the total ozone column from global (diffuse and direct) zenith sky measurements taken at the Earth’s surface. The calculation of the total ozone column relies on measured irradiance at two wavelengths in the ultra violet part of the solar spectrum. One of these (i.e. 306 nm) are appreciable absorbed by ozone whereas the other (i.e. 360 n
Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 strains are highly resistant to opsonophagocytosis due to recruitment of the complement inhibitor Factor H via Hic, a member of the pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC) family. In this study, we demonstrated that Hic also interacts with vitronectin, a fluid-phase regulator involved in haemostasis, angiogenesis, and the terminal complement cascade as well as a c
Capsule Resident Blackcaps in eastern Spain differ in morphology and isotope profile from central European conspecifics wintering in the area, but not from locally breeding migrants. Aims Natural selection shapes flight morphology in relation to migratory habits. Thus, intraspecific variation in migratory behaviour is often paralleled by morphological differentiation. We test whether differences i
Soil organic material (SOM) is usually enriched in (15)N in deeper soil layers. This has been explained by discrimination against the heavier isotope during decomposition or by the accumulation of (15)N-enriched microbial biomass versus plant biomass in older SOM. In particular, ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi have been suggested to accumulate in old SOM since this group is among the most (15)N-enriche
Through the integrated framework of participation theory and political economy, this article analyzes participatory opportunities in the virtual world Habbo Hotel, and how participation is constrained and framed by the producer’s commercial strategies, which are based on advertising and sales of virtual goods. The study also looks into the ways in which the producer Sulake Corporation discursively
