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Background: This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of indacaterol/glycopyrronium (IND/GLY) versus salmeterol/fluticasone (SFC) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with moderate to very severe airflow limitation and ≥1 exacerbation in the preceding year. Methods: A previously published and validated patient-level simulation model was adapted using clinical data from the FLA
Background: Differences in cystatin C and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) can lead to clinical uncertainty. Existing EGFR equations perform poorly in a subset of individuals. This study aims to describe the prevalence of differences between cystatin C-based (EGFRcys) and creatinine-based (EGFRcreat) EGFR in older adults and to explore which subsets of individuals may b
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with unknown etiology. Here we show the generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, named CSC-40, from dermal fibroblasts obtained from a 59-year-old male patient with a homozygous p.Q456X mutation in the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK/PARK6) gene and a confirmed diagnosis of PD, which could be used to model familial PD.
The following paper illuminates the difficulties that people with criminal background may experience in the process of labour market (re)integration. While employment for offenders released from prison is important to avoid former criminal lifestyle, previous literature shows that offenders released from prison face various difficulties to secure a job. Drawing on theories on stigmatization, l
In this study, the quantitative relationship between the three dimensions of transformative capacity – cognitive, structural and agency – and the climate change performance of countries is examined. To do this, indexes are created and panel data regressions conducted. The result indicates a significant negative relationship between the cognitive and diversity dimension index and climate change per
This thesis seeks to examine the human rights due diligence (HRDD) requirements outlined in the EU proposal for the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDD proposal) for large EU limited liability companies (LLC), offering a comprehensive overview of these requirements. To further clarify and substantiate the HRDD provisions stated in the CSDD proposal, the thesis also includes a ca
Consumers are increasingly becoming aware of the abusive exploitation of workers in some of the factories in the development countries that are contracted to produce exports to the European market. Thus, some of the consumers try to promote the enforcement of ethical business practices globally by using their buying behaviour. In effect, the ethical consumers prefer to buy ethically sound goods to
In the following case study, we have investigated how the fast fashion brand NA-KD uses discount codes as a marketing tool on Instagram with the help of influencers and what this in turn means for our consumption of fashion and clothing. In order to answer our research questions and gain a better understanding of this type of marketing, a qualitative content analysis was applied to two different v
The aim of this thesis is to investigate how journalists at Lilla Aktuellt and Juniornyheterna are influenced by their news audience, primarily children and youths, on Tiktok. Both editorials work on behalf of Swedish public service, which means they have to report objectively and impartially. Previous research has shown that public service organizations must reassess what it means to be of public
Vi betalar i allt mindre utsträckning med kontanter i Sverige, något som leder till strukturella förändringar. Dessa tar sig uttryck i att bankomater plockas bort och affärer slutar hantera kontanter. Personer med funktionsnedsättningar omnämns som en särskilt utsatt grupp i ett kontantfritt samhälle, speciellt när tillgången till digitala betalningsmedel är begränsad. Samtidigt har Sverige en amb
The purpose of the thesis is threefold: first, through experiences of bi- and pansexuality among women and non-binary persons, the aim is to deconstruct the mononormative opposition of hetero/homo. Second, the thesis aims to seek deeper understanding about how the sexualities among the participants in different ways affect their views on and experiences of relationships and their dating life, wher
Background: The proportion of adults with liver disease due to severe alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), with PiZZ phenotype, is not clear. The markers of the AATD liver disease, how it progresses, and measures for its prevention have not been established. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk of liver disease in individuals with severe AAT deficiency (PiZZ). Methods: Longitudinal clin
There are three main types of inhalers, dry powder inhalers (DPI, single and multidose), metered dose inhalers (pMDI, spray, suspension and solution), and soft mist (SMI). There are major differences in inhalation technique and handling of the different inhaler types. Different inhalers are well suited for different patients and the choice of inhaler may be crucial for the treatment outcome. It is
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, OMIM 152700) is a systemic autoimmune disease with a complex etiology. The mode of inheritance of the genetic risk beyond familial SLE cases is currently unknown. Additionally, the contribution of heterozygous variants in genes known to cause monogenic SLE is not fully understood. Whole-genome sequencing of DNA samples from 71 Swedish patients with SLE and their
This reflection, based on a keynote address to celebrate the fortieth anniversary of Disasters on 14 September 2017, begins by considering some of the prevailing assumptions that existed at the time of the journal's creation. Next is a summary of significant milestones during the past 40 years, covering major global trends, changing disaster impacts, and key developments in disaster risk managemen
AIMS: There is debate about the optimum algorithm for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimation. We conducted head-to-head comparisons of four algorithms recommended by primary prevention guidelines, before and after 'recalibration', a method that adapts risk algorithms to take account of differences in the risk characteristics of the populations being studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using indivi
BACKGROUND: Although rare in the general population, highly penetrant germline mutations in CDKN2A are responsible for 5-40% of melanoma cases reported in melanoma-prone families. We sought to determine whether MELPREDICT was generalizable to a global series of melanoma families and whether performance improvements can be achieved.METHODS: 2,116 familial melanoma cases were ascertained by the inte
We report on the influence of oxygen partial pressure for the development of surface oxides covering the industrial aluminum alloy standard 6063 at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 500° C. Using an array of synchrotron-based techniques, we followed the change in oxide thickness, chemical composition, and the lateral distribution of alloying elements. The impact of the oxygen chemical
Background: There is a close association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and prevalent chronic kidney disease (CKD). Few longitudinal studies exist. No previous study has investigated to what extent CKD affects mortality in biopsy-proven NAFLD. Our aim was to investigate the long-term risk of developing CKD in biopsy-prove
Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze drain fluid, blood, and urine simultaneously to follow the long-term release of vancomycin from a biphasic ceramic carrier in major hip surgery. Our hypothesis was that there would be high local vancomycin concentrations during the first week with safe low systemic trough levels and a complete antibiotic release during the first month.Methods: Nine
