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Fruit flies rely on an intricate neural pathway to process polarized light signals in order to inform their internal compass about the position of the Sun.

A novel method to enhance the heat transfer on the internal tip surface of gas turbine blades was developed. Effects of delta-winglet vortex generators (DWVG) and their angle of attack on the vortical structures and mechanism of enhanced heat transfer were investigated. Seven different angles of attack were considered: 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°. The Reynolds number varies from 10,000 to

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of compromised bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition. There are limited data on the physical exercise (PE) habits of patients with childhood-onset IBD and on the associations between PE and BMD and body composition. Patients and methods: In total, 72 young adults with childhood-onset IBD and 1341 normative

The cutback was widely used in advanced gas turbines to protect the trailing edge. The land was a main structure in the cutback region. Therefore, the present study describes a numerical investigation on the film cooling performance in the cutback region with various land shapes (straight- expanding land, arch- expanding land, contracting- expanding land and campaniform land) and blowing ratios (0

Fatal intoxications are common in a medico-legal autopsy setting and are associated with sparse findings during autopsy. It has been suggested that an increased lung weight may be associated with such fatalities. Previous literature is generally limited to a descriptive approach, including only opioid deaths, and lacking a definition of “heavy” lungs. Our aim was to create a model to identify case

Objectives There is limited research on sex differences in postural orientation (ie, alignment between body segments) in people with knee injury measured with a clinically applicable method. An understanding of the relationship between postural orientation and physical function may help guide decision making in rehabilitation. The aims were to evaluate (1) sex differences in visual assessment of P

Summary: In elderly men included in MrOS-Sweden, subclinical hyperthyroidism (SHyper) was markedly associated with increased risk of vertebral fractures. Introduction: Overt hyperthyroidism is associated with increased risk of fractures. However, only a few studies have investigated whether SHyper is associated with fracture risk in elderly men. We therefore investigated if SHyper was a risk facto

The impact of electrical current on the structure of single free-standing Be-doped GaAs nanowires grown on a Si 111 substrate is investigated. Single nanowires have been structurally analyzed by X-ray nanodiffraction using synchrotron radiation before and after the application of an electrical current. The conductivity measurements on single nanowires in their as-grown geometry have been realized

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)-mediated tissue damage is a hallmark in abdominal sepsis. Under certain conditions, microRNAs (miRs) can regulate protein expression and cellular functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-155 in sepsis-induced NET formation, lung inflammation, and tissue damage. Abdominal sepsis was induced in wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 and miR-155 gene-d

Measurement of two groups of autoantibodies, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein/peptide antibodies (ACPA) have gained increasing significance in the diagnosis and classification of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over the last 65 years. Despite this rising importance of autoimmune serology in RA, there is a palpable lack of harmonization between different commercial RF and ACPA tests.

Supercritical heat transfer deterioration can be found in active regenerative cooling processes. Thermal pyrolysis occurs once the temperature of the hydrocarbon fuel exceeds a certain value. To investigate the influence of thermal pyrolysis on the heat transfer behavior and flow-upward characteristics in a rectangular channel, the wall temperature distribution, thermal acceleration, mass fraction

Over the years, nanofluids have proved to be beneficial in various heat transfer applications, particularly in solar energy collectors. Hybrid nanofluids have also shown promise in such applications due to their enhanced thermal conductivity relative to mono-nanofluids and to pure fluids. The aim of this review paper is to scrutinize recent research in this topic in order to identify the key advan

In this work, the effects of thermal buoyancy and rotation angle on the hydrodynamics and mixed convection heat transfer characteristics over four heated identical square cylinders placed in a parallel horizontal channel are numerically studied. For the flow field, the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) with multiple relaxation time collision operator (MRT) is implemented and the Bhatnagar-Gross-Ktook

In the present study, the optimal objective effect on the thermal performance of a rectangular duct with pin fins and dimples/protrusions is introduced. Four different optimal objectives are selected (entropy generation, entransy dissipation, enerty, and volume goodness factor). The baseline k-ù turbulence model is applied to solve the governing equations. The multi-island genetic algorithm (MIGA)

Background: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been reported to increase the risk of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), but the association remains disputed. Methods: A nationwide cohort study among adults in Denmark, 2010-2013, linking register data on C. difficile testing, filled prescriptions, and patient characteristics. All incident episodes of community-associated CD

Introduction/Aim of the Study. One way of investigating health trends at the population level is to study the physical performance and functional ability in different birth cohorts. The information obtained can be used to predict illness, disability, and future needs for care. However, contradictory findings have been reported when comparing the physical performance of older adult birth cohorts. T

Frustrated magnets can host numerous exotic many-body quantum and topological phenomena. GeNi2O4 is a three-dimensional S=1 frustrated magnet with an unusual two-stage transition to the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic ground state, while GeCu2O4 is a high-pressure phase with a strongly tetragonally elongated spinel structure and magnetic lattice formed by S=1/2 CuO2 linear chains with frustrated

In the present study the thermo-hydraulic characteristics of geyser in the cryogenic fuel transportation pipe of a liquid rocket is experimentally investigated using liquid nitrogen. The typical thermo-hydraulic appearances are characterized and analyzed in the geyser process to effectively recognize the occurrence of geyser in practical engineering. The effect of interfering factors such as heat

Numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the effects of pin-fin arrangement and jet Reynolds number on heat transfer enhancement and flow characteristics of a concave confined jet impingement cooled surface conjugated with pin-fins. The results without a pin-fin are used as a baseline. Vortices and different sections of streamlines in the channel are employed to understand the flow

To reduce global HIV-1 incidence, there is a need to understand and disentangle HIV-1 transmission dynamics and to determine the geographic areas and populations that act as hubs or drivers of HIV-1 spread. In Sub-Saharan Africa (sSA), the region with the highest HIV-1 burden, information about such transmission dynamics is sparse. Phylogenetic inference is a powerful method for the study of HIV-1