Search results

AIM: To describe sociodemographic disparities in temporal trends of incidence and age distributions of first registered osteoarthritis (OA) diagnosis in southern Sweden.METHODS: We identified all Skåne residents aged 35+ who had lived in the region at any point during the period 2006-2019 with no previous OA diagnosis (ICD-10 codes M15-M19) for 8 years prior to inclusion in the study (n = 849,061)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is associated to cognitive decline and dementia. Neuroimaging changes of CSVD are highly prevalent above 80 years. Only few studies report on incidence of CSVD in high age. We have investigated the incidence and prevalence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of CSVD and risk factors in the general older population.METHODS: As

Non-volatile cryogenic memories are crucial for realizing energy-efficient and scaled quantum computing systems. In this letter, we evaluate the cryogenic performance of an HZO-based ferroelectric capacitor (FeCAP) with a compound semiconductor (InAs) as the bottom electrode. We demonstrate that near identical remnant polarization can be obtained at 14 K compared to room temperature by increasing

Background: Despite accumulating evidence of an association between air pollution and renal disease, studies on the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and renal function are still contradictory. This study aimed to investigate this association in a large population with relatively low exposure and with improved estimation of renal function as well as renal injury biomarkers. M

Background: About one in ten adults are living with diabetes worldwide. Intake of carbohydrates and carbohydrate-rich foods are often identified as modifiable risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes. However, strong correlation between food variables can make it difficult to identify true associations. The purpose of this study was to identify clusters of carbohydrate-rich foods and analyse thei

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer. Meta-analysis of small, oncology-focused trials suggest gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists may be associated with fewer adverse cardiovascular outcomes compared with GnRH agonists. Objectives: This study sought to determine whether GnRH antagonists were associated wit

The exceptional polymorphism observed within genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), a core component of the vertebrate immune system, has long fascinated biologists. The highly polymorphic classical MHC class-I (MHC-I) genes are maintained by pathogen-mediated balancing selection (PMBS), as shown by many sites subject to positive selection, while the more monomorphic non-classical MH

Metal cutting technology plays an important role in the automotive and aeronautic sectors, both of whichare important for the Swedish economy. Both make use of traditional grey cast iron and difficult-to-machine materials like titanium alloys and compacted graphite iron. The tools used to machine thesematerials wear at varying rates depending on factors such as contact temperature, pressure, and t

The population dynamics of urban animals has been so far remarkably understudied. At the same time, urban species’ population trends can provide important information on the consequences of environmental changes in cities. We modelled long-term population trends of 93 bird species breeding in urban areas in 16 European countries as a function of species’ traits, characterising variability in their

BACKGROUND: The landmark EAT-Lancet Commission proposed that a planetary health diet is comprised mainly of plant-based foods. However, studies examining whether this diet is associated with heart failure (HF) are currently lacking. In addition, the potential proteomics mechanism on the association between diet and HF warrants further elucidation.OBJECTIVES: This study aims to both examine the ass

Telomere biology disorders (TBDs) are characterized by short telomeres, premature aging, bone marrow failure and cancer predisposition. Germline mutations in NHP2, encoding for one component of the telomerase cofactor H/ACA RNA binding complex together with Dyskerin, NOP10 and GAR1, have been previously reported in rare cases of TBDs. Here, we report two novel NHP2 variants (NHP2-A39T and NHP2-T44

Germline mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation and the raw material for organismal evolution. Despite their significance, the frequency and genomic locations of mutations, as well as potential sex bias, are yet to be widely investigated in most species. To address these gaps, we conducted whole-genome sequencing of 12 great reed warblers (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) in a pedigree s

A decline in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function is believed to underlie hematological shortcomings with age; however, a comprehensive molecular understanding of these changes is currently lacking. Here we provide evidence that a transcriptional signature reported in several previous studies on HSC aging is linked to stress-induced changes in gene expression rather than aging. Our findings have

Combining highly efficient nanophotonic structures into artificial neural networks hold significant promise for superior hardware solutions [1]. Well-defined circuit architectures and concepts, with limited size and clear functionality are useful to develop and verify such novel concepts. Insects are capable of amazing autonomous feats well beyond current computers, such as navigating across hundr

The reformation and characterisation of the passive film formed on ultra-thin 316 L after hydrogen charging is investigated by combining EBSD, TMDS, XRD, Synchrotron-based XPS, and electrochemical experiments. The results show that ultra-thin foil reforms a passive film after 12 h of hydrogen release in NaCl solution. The reformed passive film is half the thickness of the as-received passive film

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the etiology, clinical features, and outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults. Understanding the causative pathogens is essential for effective treatment and prevention.DESIGN: Between 2016-2018, 518 hospitalized adults with CAP and 241 controls without symptoms were prospectively enrolled. Urine samples were collected for pneumococcal ur

Immunological control of residual leukemia cells is thought to occur in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) that maintain treatment-free remission (TFR) following tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) discontinuation. To study this, we analyzed 55 single-cell RNA and T cell receptor (TCR) sequenced samples (scRNA+TCRαβ-seq) from patients with CML (n = 13, N = 25), other cancers (n = 28), and he