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The ForMAX beamline at the MAX IV Laboratory provides multiscale and multimodal structural characterization of hierarchical materials in the nanometre to millimetre range by combining small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering with full-field microtomography. The modular design of the beamline is optimized for easy switching between different experimental modalities. The beamline has a special focus o
This paper explores the link between income, and wealth inequality and the ecological footprint in France, Netherlands, United States, and United Kingdom from 1962 to 2021. Based on theoretical considerations, we allow the relationship to vary over time. Our analysis provides some support for income inequality influencing ecological footprints, specifically through carbon emissions. Yet, we do not
Why should moral philosophers, moral psychologists, and machine ethicists care about computational complexity? Debates on whether artificial intelligence (AI) can or should be used to solve problems in ethical domains have mainly been driven by what AI can or cannot do in terms of human capacities. In this paper, we tackle the problem from the other end by exploring what kind of moral machines areWhy should moral philosophers, moral psychologists, and machine ethicists care about computational complexity? Debates on whether artificial intelligence (AI) can or should be used to solve problems in ethical domains have mainly been driven by what AI can or cannot do in terms of human capacities. In this paper, we tackle the problem from the other end by exploring what kind of moral machines are
Rare Earth (RE) ion doped nanomaterials are promising candidates for a range of quantum technology applications. Among RE ions, the so-called Kramers' ions possess spin transitions in the GHz range at low magnetic fields, which allows for high-bandwidth multimode quantum storage, fast qubit operations as well as interfacing with superconducting circuits. They also present relevant optical transiti
Neurons with internal memory have been proposed for biological and bio-inspired neural networks, adding important functionality. We introduce an internal time-limited charge-based memory into a III-V nanowire (NW) based optoelectronic neural node circuit designed for handling optical signals in a neural network. The new circuit can receive inhibiting and exciting light signals, store them, perform
INTRODUCTION: Climate change is one of the 21st century's biggest public health issues and health care contributes up to 10% of the emissions of greenhouse gases in developed countries. About 15 million laparoscopic procedures are performed annually worldwide and single-use medical equipment is increasingly used during these procedures. Little is known about costs and environmental footprint of th
While sensory perception is currently receiving quite a lot of attention across disciplines, little empirical research has focused on how people describe auditory experiences. Research on the representation of sound in fiction narratives has shown that sounds are frequently conceptualized as events whose descriptions are instantiated in domains other than sound proper, as in strong men banging the
In recent years, climate impact assessments of relevance to the agricultural and forestry sectors have received considerable attention. Current ecosystem models commonly capture the effect of a warmer climate on biomass production, but they rarely sufficiently capture potential losses caused by pests, pathogens and extreme weather events. In addition, alternative management regimes may not be inte
Popular Abstract in Swedish Cancer i tjock- och ändtarmen är idag den tredje vanligaste formen av till döden ledande cancer i världen. Den är vanligast i de högindustrialise-rade delarna av världen: Europa, Nord-Amerika och Australien. Prognosen för den enskilde patienten är helt beroende på cancerns utbredning vid diagnostillfället. Cancerns utbredning bedöms idag enligt olika indelningsprincipeAim of the study Today´s methods for the staging of rectal carcinoma: ultrasonography with transrectal probe, CT, MRI or MRI with a rectal coil, all have limitations. The aim was therefore to develop a new, double-contrast MRI method for evaluation of rectal carcinoma. The idea was that a rectally applied contrast medium causing distension and signal void of the rectal lumen and an intravenous inj
Background Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths. For diagnosis, predicting the outcome of the disease, and for assessing potential new biomarkers, pathologists and researchers routinely analyze histological samples. Morphological and molecular information may be integrated by aligning microscopic histological images in a multiplex fashion. This process is usually
We investigate vascular changes during Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of skin tumors using optical Doppler tomography (ODT). The effect of vascular shut down on tumor destruction is currently not known, and to optimize treatment it is relevant to investigate this issue further. Optical Doppler tomography is capable of measuring blood flow in biological tissue down to 1-2 mm with sub-mm/s velocity sens
Popular Abstract in Swedish Många olika proteiner kan produceras med hjälp av rekombinanta DNA tekniker. Ofta sätts vektorn som kodar för det rekombinanta proteinet in i bakterien E. coli, då den är välkänd. Det är viktigt att producera mycket celler för att uppnå hög produktivitet. Detta görs genom att näringsämnet (ofta glukos) tillsätts kontinuerligt till en så kallad semisats reaktor. TillsatsThe recombinant DNA techniques have made it possible to produce many different proteins for a wide range of applications. The vector encoding for the recombinant protein is often inserted in the bacterium E. coli as it is a well studied and a well-known organism. To achieve a high productivity, it is important to reach a high cell density. This is obtained through fed-batch operation where the nut
Misstron mot etablerade medier och politiska makthavare ökar i samhället. Internet skapar en arena som gör det möjligt att organisera misstron och ge nya aktörer en röst i den offentliga debatten – vilket har förändrat villkoren för det demokratiska samtalet. Syftet med denna fallstudie är att förstå det demokratiska samtalets tillstånd och undersöka de misstroende aktörer som anser att samhället
Denna uppsats undersöker prejudikatens rättskällemässiga status och roll i svensk rätt, samt hur prejudikatens bindande eller vägledande natur ska angripas. Med en rättsdogmatisk metod analyseras hur prejudikat används bland rättskällorna och hur deras auktoritet och funktion varierar beroende på kontext i ett dynamiskt system. Uppsatsen belyser prejudikatens roll som både stabiliserande och utvecThis thesis examines the legal status and role of precedent in Swedish law, as well as how their binding or guiding nature should be approached. Using a legal dogmatic method, the analysis explores how precedents are utilized among legal sources and how their authority and function vary depending on context within a dynamic system. The thesis highlights the dual role of precedents as both stabiliz
De grundläggande principerna för offentlig upphandling stadgas i 4 kap. 1 § LOU och inbegriper följande: principen om icke-diskriminering, likabehand- lingsprincipen, proportionalitetsprincipen, öppenhetsprincipen och principen om ömsesidigt erkännande. Principerna genomsyrar hela det upphandlings- rättsliga området, och måste iakttas av upphandlande myndigheter genom hela upphandlingsprocessen. SThe fundamental principles of public procurement are set out in Chapter 4, Section 1 in the Swedish Public Procurement Act (LOU) and include the fol- lowing: the principle of non-discrimination, the principle of equal treatment, the principle of proportionality, the principle of transparency, and the princi- ple of mutual recognition. The principles permeate the entire field of procure- ment law a
