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De nationella domstolarna intar en central roll i den Europeiska unionens judiciella system men är inte helt fria att på egen hand bedöma unionsrättsliga frågor. I denna uppsats undersöks hur utrymmet för nationella domstolar till självständiga unionsrättsliga bedömningar begränsas av den skyldighet att begära förhandsavgörande som kan följa av artikel 267 i Fördraget om Europeiska unionens funktiNational courts occupy a central role in the judicial system of the European Union, but they are not completely free to apply Union law independently. This paper examines the extent to which the national courts are limited by an obligation to request a preliminary ruling under Article 267 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, when it comes to assessing questions of EU law indepen

Ethical dilemmas are dealt with on a daily basis by librarians and can include issues that have an impact on both the librarian, the library users and on the library as an institution. The aim is to by using a critical discourse analysis gain a research based understanding of how the Swedish codes of ethics for librarians have developed over time and how they relate to other contemporary codes of

A new optical interferometer for delay stabilization in attosecond pump/probe experiments is constructed, featuring a custom-made hole-drilled recombination mirror and using a co-propagating HeNe laser for the interference. The interferometer is shown to generate an interference pattern of high enough contrast for delay stabilization. The stability of the measured delay is tested with the interfer

This paper examines the standing of private firms in the post-privatization economic reform in China regarding their access to human capital. The cross-sectional dataset used to test the model is extracted from the World Bank 2012 Enterprise Survey. Using a sample of 2848 Chinese firms of diverse ownership types, the paper studies the effect of firm ownership on human capital, and further studies

The three major components of short-crust cookie dough are flour, sugar, and fat. Since high fat contents have been shown to have a major effect on the development of the gluten network, studying how these ingredients could affect the texture of the dough and the baked product became interesting. In addition, there are no existing methods on short crust cookie dough that allow predicting the chara

This thesis was carried out at the Division of Combustion Engines within the Faculty of Engineering at Lund University in collaboration with SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden. The thesis was part of a project funded by the FFI program of VINNOVA, with the goal of creating a standardized test method when it comes to fire detection systems mounted in engine compartments of heavy vehicles. As

Happiness is a relatively new discipline within economics. Traditionally, economists have not paid too much attention to it since they considered that both indicators and theoretical assumptions in which this discipline was based were not neither reliable nor useful for policy recommendations. However, especially in the last decade, there has been extensive research which, if not proved, at least

Samhällsbyggnadsbranschen har arbetat med att införa Byggnadsinformationsmodellering(BIM) i mer än tjugo år och under de senaste åren har BIM börjat implementeras på riktigt. Syftet med studien är att undersöka möjligheter inklusive hinder och framgångar inom arbetssättet BIM vid implementering i produktionen. Vid övergången från projektering till produktion ska undersökningen hitta de brister som

This study focuses on the part of the policy process called implementation. Theorists like Lipsky (1980) and Rice (2012) assign the street-level bureaucrats a major role in this process. The street-level bureaucrats of object in this study are personnel on group homes for unaccompanied minors. Since the children do not have anyone else to look after them, it is the welfare states responsibility to

After the economic recession suffered during the eighties decade, the population under poverty conditions has increased dramatically. With the purpose of amend the situation; President Carlos Salinas has established the biggest anti-poverty program in Mexican history, the Programa Nacional de Solidaridad (PRONASOL). The following three administrations continued the implementation of these policies

County museums were for a long time one of the main actors in Swedish cultural resource management (CRM) archaeology. In the late 1990s, however, Swedish CRM archaeology faced a new system: a tender-alike procedure. The introduction of competition into CRM archaeology has produced a series of positive, as well as a series of negative, consequences. One effect is that several county museums have ce

The purpose of this study was to examine how alcohol is used as a function to create group membership and how alcohol is used to relate to norms in a student culture. The study examines students on Växjö Linnéuniversitet. Regardless if students consume alcohol or not they somehow have to relate to it – to use alcohol or to actively refuse. We have used 346 surveys for this quantitative study. The

Titel: Prissättningsproblematiken för multikanalföretag - Hur bemöter multikanalföretag den ökade pristransparensen på Internet Ämne: FEKH69, Examensarbete i redovisning på kandidatnivå, 15 HP Författare: Linn Boman och Emina Holmgren Handledare: Ola Mattisson Nyckelord: Multikanalföretag, marknadsvillkor, ”The Long Tail model” e-handel, prissättningsstrategi, värdebaserad, nischade produkter

CO2 Catalysis has been studied with Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) in combination with a mass spectrometer for a small, 23 cubic centimeters, cube shaped flow reactor. Both catalysis processes with one and with two catalysts inside the reactor have been carried out and analysed. Some results have been visualised by images showing concentration, given by the PLIF signal, of CO2 inside the

En av barnhälsovårdsjuksköterskans uppgifter är att stödja ammande mammor. Studier har visat att mammor som inte känner att de får stöd, har en större benägenhet att sluta amma i förtid. Syftet var att beskriva barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskans upplevelse av att ge stöd som stärker föräldrars, i synnerhet mammors, amningsbenägenhet och upprätthållande av amningen. En kvalitativ studie genomfördes med

In the recent decades, one of the most phenomenal changes in many universities in Western countries is the dramatically increase of students from China. Subsequently, the thesis author mentioned that general view concerning educational tourism associates educational tourists with the international students’ mobility. This has emerged as an important part of the university students’tourism market.

The aggregation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) into amyloid fibrils and plaques is one culprit to Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. Once a small concentration of amyloid fibrils has formed through primary nucleation, a fibril-catalysed secondary nucleation takes over, leading to a close to exponential growth. Here, we have investigated the effect of five (J46, I48, J44, I68 and J7) out of twelve previo

Assimulo is a Python-based workbench for solving differential equations with the goal of making a multitude of solver meth- ods available through a higher-level interface. By generalizing the problem description, a user is able to apply any solver of their choice without having to redefine the original problem. Fol- lowing these guidelines, a set of wrappers have been developed to extend Assimulo