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Internal erosion is one of the major reasons for embankment dam failures. Despite this, the knowledge of the temporal development of internal erosion in full scale structures is limited. Detection of internal erosion is complicated using conventional methods, and new or improved methods are appreciated. Hallby was the first Swedish embankment to get a permanently installed monitoring system intend
Many animal taxa have been shown to possess the ability of true navigation. In this study we investigated the possibilities for geomagnetic bi-coordinate map navigation in different regions of the earth by analysing angular differences between isolines of geomagnetic total intensity and inclination. In no-grid zones where isolines were running almost parallel, efficient geomagnetic bi-coordinate n
In this thesis some research questions regarding durability and quality of roads has been investigated. The questions are analyzed from an image analysis point of view and aims to be a complement to existing methods for analyzing asphalt. One important factor for the durability of the asphalt layer on roads is the affinity between the stones in the asphalt and the binder that holds the stones tog
Security of supply is widely addressed in the academia. In this paper we conduct a review of methodologies, discuss strengths and weaknesses and identify areas that would benefit from further research and methodology development. A distinction is made between methodologies used to assess general vulnerability and those that value the outcome of insecurity by testing how energy systems respond to d
By combining field-theoretical methods and ab initio calculations, we construct an effective Hamiltonian with a single giant-spin degree of freedom, which is capable of describing the low-energy spin dynamics of ferromagnetic metal nano-clusters consisting of up to a few tens of atoms. In our procedure, the magnetic moment direction of the Kohn-Sham spin density functional wave function is constra
Purpose Timely knowledge of the bacterial etiology and localization of infection are important for empirical antibiotic therapy. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate routinely used biomarkers together with novel laboratory parameters in the diagnosis of infection. Methods In this prospective study, 54 adult patients with bacterial infections admitted to the Department of Infectious Disease
Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex multi-organ disease, characterised by relapses and remissions. Designing a high-quality randomised controlled trial poses many challenges. We have developed evidenced-based recommendations for points to consider in conducting clinical trials in patients with SLE. Methods: The EULAR Task Force on SLE comprised 19 specialists and a clinical
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are a major burden on individuals, health systems and social care systems and rehabilitation efforts in these disorders are considerable. Self-care is often considered a cost effective treatment alternative owing to limited health care resources. But what are the expectations and attitudes in this question in the general population? The purpose of this study w
This paper utilizes an original establishment survey in a select few low-wage industries in Los Angeles to draw conclusions about the existence of and explanations for intra,industry wage differentials. We explore differences in average establishment wages but also in the starting wage of the largest low-wage occupations in establishments. Well over 50 percent of the variation in average establish
We study the limiting behaviour of a generalized Polya urn, motivated by adaptive data-dependent allocation designs, which are used in Phase III clinical trials in order to allocate a larger number of patients to the better treatment. We establish rigorous limiting results for the model, including the Central Limit Theorem, thus providing the theoretical background for using the odds ratio-based a
This contribution concerns the development of generic methods and tools for robust optimal control of high-pressure liquid chromatographic separation processes. The proposed methodology exploits a deterministic robust formulation, that employs a linearization of the uncertainty set, based on Lyapunov differential equations to generate optimal elution trajectories in the presence of uncertainty. Co
Childhood cancer five-year survival now exceeds 70-80%. Childhood exposure to radiation is a known thyroid carcinogen; however, data are limited for the evaluation of radiation dose-response at high doses, modifiers of the dose-response relationship and joint effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. To address these issues, we pooled two cohort and two nested case-control studies of childhood can
A method for simultaneous determination of the diffusion and sorption properties of cement-based materials is presented. It is a gravimetric method where one small specimen is exposed to stepwise changes in relative humidity while its mass is being measured. As sorption in cement-based materials is slow, the change in relative humidity to the next level is made before final equilibrium has been re
The highly mobile wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) are adapted to navigate the extreme environment of the Southern Ocean and return to isolated islands to breed. Each year they cover several hundreds of thousands of kilometers during travels across the sea. Little is known about the dispersal flights and migration of young albatrosses. We tracked, by satellite telemetry, the departure disp
Methanol oxidation to formaldehyde was studied over a series of Fe-Mo-O catalysts with various Mo/Fe atomic ratio and the end compositions Fe2O3 and MoO3. The activity data shows that the specific activity passes through a maximum with increase of the Mo content and is the highest for Fe2(MoO4)3. The selectivity to formaldehyde, on the other hand, increases with the Mo content in the catalyst. A s
The development and assessment of spectrum management methods for the copper access network are usually conducted under the assumption of accurate channel information. Acquiring such information implies, in practice, estimation of the crosstalk coupling functions between the twisted-pair lines in the access network. This type of estimation is not supported or required by current digital subscriber
The use of longitudinal historical micro-level demographic data for research presents many challenges. The Intermediate Data Structure (IDS) was developed to try to solve some of these challenges by facilitating the storing and sharing of such data. This article proposes an extension to the IDS, which allows the standardization and storage of constructed variables. It also describes how to produce
Preparation of a new type of cryostructured carbon particle macroporous gel with one-step sub-zero cross-linking was studied in this work. Aggregation of nano-and micro-particles of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-allylamine) was used to form a polymeric network to integrate activated carbon particles. The cryostructured particle gel was compared with the conventional composite cryogel. The unique m
