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Road traffic injuries remain a major public health concern in Tanzania. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimated that in 2021, more than 10,000 people were killed in road traffic accidents in Tanzania, with pedestrians accounting for approximately 26% of all fatalities. This underscores the urgent need for thorough, context-specific analyses of the risk factors contributing to fatal pedestria
Telemedicine as a means of remote patient–physician interaction is gaining popularity in nearly every field, and (respiratory) sleep medicine is no exception. Because obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a chronic condition, and requires a continuous treatment and monitoring of therapy success, telematic communications could be useful to establish diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This statement
This project concerns the Wannier functions of a two-dimensional electron gas within a simple periodic lattice. Wannier functions are an exponentially localized basis for elec tron bands and allow for real-space calculations of interacting electron systems. These functions are not unique; using the Wannier functions with minimal spatial spread is the standard in research. In this thesis, the maxim
The volume and complexity of scientific literature are expanding rapidly, making it increasingly difficult to extract and synthesize information across studies. This challenge is particularly acute in the biological sciences, where evidence spans multiple levels of organization and heterogeneous experimental designs. Large Language Model (LLM) pipelines offer a scalable route to evidence synthesis
Despite advances in understanding the mechanisms, risk factors and treatment strategies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), no approved therapies exist to prevent or delay onset in at-risk individuals or those with elevated biomarkers who do not yet show symptoms. Multiple candidate interventions are now being evaluated in clinical trials in these settings, raising key questions around which populations
Although there has been a considerable increase in the understanding of glioblastoma and investigations into the therapeutic utility of several novel putative active compounds, the prognosis of glioblastoma patients remains dismal. This paradox makes glioblastoma a unique disease, in which the availability of key molecular and biological insight does not translate into therapeutic discovery or imp
This paper simulates the impact across household types of fully funded tax reforms designed to increase consumers’ fiber intake from grain consumption. Our results suggest that household types with the highest initial consumption share of fiber-rich products—i.e., households without children (seniors, couples without children, and single women without children)—experience the highest increase in f
Pickering emulsion polymerization was used to synthesize molecularly imprinted polymer beads for the selective recognition of 17-beta-estradiol under aqueous conditions. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that the imprinted polymer beads had a small diameter with a narrow size distribution (18.9 +/- 2.3 mu m). The reduction in particle size achieved in this study was attributed to the
The eyes of cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) have a modified horizontal slit-pupil with a distinctive W-shape in bright light, while in darkness the pupil is circular. Two suggestions have previously been made for a function of the W-shape: (1) camouflaging the eye; (2) providing distance information. Since neither of these suggestions can fully explain the function of this pupil across the entire v
The authors' aim has been to find a single aliquot regenerative dose (SAR) protocol that accurately recovers an unknown absorbed dose in the region between 1-250 mGy in household salt. The main investigation has been conducted on a specific mine salt (>98.5% NaCl) intended for household use, using optical stimulation by blue LED (lambda = 462 nm). The most accurate dose recovery for this brand of
The objective of this study is to analyze whether the trend towards operating on patients with less severe primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) than earlier is reflected in a change of preoperative presentation and surgical outcome.
The delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) method can be used to assess the content of glycosaminoglycan in cartilage. In in vitro and model studies, the content of glycosaminoglycan is often expressed in terms of a fixed charge density (FCD). Values of the fixed charge density obtained using the dGEMRIC method differs from values obtained using other methods
Mixing of powders into liquids is a common unit operation. Mixing can be divided into several steps: imbibation of the powder into the liquid being the first Under some circumstances, for instance, if the powder has poor wetting properties, imbibation can be the rate-determining step. In this study imbibation in a commercial mixer was studied and a method to measure powder imbibation in a model th
In order to produce drinking water, coagulants - such as aluminium salts - are widely used for precipitation and separation of impurities from raw water. The residual from the process is sludge, which presents a disposal problem. The REAL process is a method for recycling the aluminium from the sludge. In a first step, the aluminium hydroxide is dissolved in sulphuric acid. In a second step, an ul
Thermal radiation sometimes is the dominating heat transfer mode in combustion chambers and furnaces and therefore in the design of many relevant industrial facilities prediction of it is necessary. During previous years many research efforts in the radiative heat transfer field have originated and many methods and models from simple to complex have been developed. However, the field is still open
