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Since Markowitz presented the mean-variance model as a way of putting together a financial portfolio, variance has been the established measure of risk. Even though the measures of downside risk hasn’t gained the same attention as variance, it has been used in research for some time. Semivariance, best described as the risk of a portfolio’s return falling below a set target, was introduced as a ri
Bergholm, H. 2014. Memory and life pattern: Identity of Forest Finns in three excavated settlements from the early modern period. From the 1580s until the mid 1600s the “Forest Finns” – stemming from the area Savolax in eastern Finland – colonized parts of central and north Sweden. There were several factors that caused this migration; war and overpopulation were two of those factors. The purpos
In an attempt to bridge the gap between the multitude of individuals among consumers and the relatively few varieties of product design intended to suit these users, 'Accommodating Individuality' explores a few different theoretical approaches. Traditional and new forms of user involvement, including participatory design and menuing, are examined but found to fall short in several aspects
In this study, different membranes were tested for their use in a vanadium redox flow battery (VRB). The membranes were first tested under charge-discharge operation of the VRB over four charge-discharge cycles at different current densities (20 mAcm-2, 40 mA cm-2 and 60 mAcm-2) and the corresponding cell performance was evaluated in terms of total energy efficiency (EE), coulombic efficiency (CE)
In change management, approaches to handle change have been broader discussed, from a ‘top-down’ outdated method to a ‘bottom-up’ inclusive model. Scholars have discussed the advantages of having an inclusive model which is re-lated to the directional flow of change communication. Nevertheless, leaders still struggle with the implementation of this model due to several factors that affect their ch
The first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China and has become a public health emergency of international concern. Several countries have issued comprehensive social distancing policies responses to the pandemic. This study was performed in an attempt to understand the impact of a lockdown on COVID-19 cases through a case study in Scandinavia. A validated database was used to origi
To meet national and international emission targets, the Swedish building sector needs to drastically reduce its carbon dioxide emissions, and to do so, a change in building techniques and materials is needed. Bio-based materials contribute to less emissions than conventional materials, like steel and concrete, but remain rather unknown to modern building sciences. This study aimed to increase kno To meet national and international emission targets, the Swedish building sector needs to drastically reduce its carbon dioxide emissions, and to do so, a change in building techniques and materials is needed. Bio-based materials contribute to less emissions than conventional materials, like steel and concrete, but remain rather unknown to modern building sciences. This study aimed to increase kn
Geological time is by many geoscience instructors considered a threshold concept for geoscience students, being acentral concept for how we experience geosceince phenomena that takes place on a spatio-temporal scale rangingfrom micro (e.g. cloud formation) to macro (e.g. plate tectonics). If one wishes to understand geoscience phenomenathat goes beyond human perception, one must move from the conc
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems have been used by organizations and companies the world throughout since 1990. Many universities have recently replaced their legacy systems with ERP systems to improve work efficiency. One solution available for universities by way of management information system is the Campus ERP system. The Campus ERP system helps universities incorporate all departme
Under Covid-19 pandemin har distansarbete varit en central del i strategin för att minska smittspridningen av viruset. Före pandemin arbetade endast 5 % av arbetstagarna inom EU på distans regelbundet. När pandemin bröt ut ökade andelen distansarbetare inom EU till nästan 40 %. Den snabba omställningen till distansarbete har aktualiserat flera arbetsrättsliga frågor. Syftet med denna uppsats är atDuring the Covid-19 pandemic, telework has been a central part of the strategy to reduce the spread of the virus. Before the pandemic, only 5% of EU workers worked remotely on a regular basis. When the pandemic broke out, the proportion of employees working remotely in the EU increased to almost 40%. The rapid transition to telework has raised several issues of labor law. The purpose of this thesi
I provide evidence that firms send a negative signal on its non-repurchasing industry counterparts. This is consistent with competitive effects. These negative effects are common for mature firms and are sent by the largest repurchasing firm. The market attributes non-repurchasing mature firms as those ones, which do not maximize value for shareholders because managers have excess cash at their di
Background: Clinical egg allergy is a common food allergy. Current management relies upon strict allergen avoidance. Oral immunotherapy might be an optional treatment, through desensitization to egg allergen. Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of oral and sublingual immunotherapy in children and adults with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated egg allergy as compared to a placebo treatmen
This chapter starts with the question of how damages for violation through crime are determined by law. Compensation for criminal injuries is the predominant type of non-pecuniary damages in Swedish tort law. Yet, a fundamental uncertainty exists regarding computation of damages and the legal meaning of ‘violation’. The general consensus in the legal profession is that norms for computation of damThis chapter starts with the question of how damages for violation through crime are determined by law. Compensation for criminal injuries is the predominant type of nonpecuniary damages in Swedish tort law. Yet, a fundamental uncertainty exists regarding computation of damages and the legal meaning of ‘violation’. The general consensus in the legal profession is that norms for computation of dama
Background Smokers have a substantially increased risk of postoperative complications. Preoperative smoking intervention may be effective in decreasing this incidence, and surgery may constitute a unique opportunity for smoking cessation interventions. Objectives The objectives of this review are to assess the effect of preoperative smoking intervention on smoking cessation at the time of surgery
Life oil earth was formed during billions of years, exposed to, and shaped by the original physical forces such as gravitation, cosmic irradiation, atmospheric electric fields and the terrestrial magnetism. The Schumann resonances at 7.4 Hz are all example of oscillations possibly important for life.(1)) The existing organisms are created to function in harmony with these forces. However, in the l
