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In forensic DNA analysis, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enables DNAanalysis of minute biological crime scene traces. PCR is an enzymatic reaction for amplification of specific DNA fragments involving both biochemical andbiophysical processes. The main analytical challenge is posed by the nature of the samples of interest. Crime scene samples are heterogeneous and often contain background mat
Popular Abstract in Swedish Läs- och skrivfärdigheter är av stor betydelse i det moderna samhället. Dyslexi (läs- och skrivsvårigheter) är därför inte bara ett språkligt handikapp - det verkar också ha sociala konsekvenser som t.ex. högre arbetslöshet bland individer med dessa svårigheter. Tidigare forskning har bl.a. visat att personer med dyslexi har ett sämre verbalt minne och lägre självförtroReading and writing skills are of crucial importance in modern society. Therefore, dyslexia is a significant handicap, not only in respect of lexical skills and processing of language-based information - it appears to have social consequences as well, as evidenced for instance by the high frequency of dyslexics among long-term unemployed people. One major research problem is that the term dyslexia
Popular Abstract in Swedish Områden som är kontinuerligt utsatta för vinderosion löper stor risk för att erhålla en försämrad jordkvalitet eftersom vinderosion innebär en utsållning av fina fraktioner och humus från jordmånen. För att vinderosion ska inträffa krävs en kombination av vissa väder- och markförhållanden. Flera av dessa är direkt relaterade till klimatet, t ex vindhastighet och jordfukWind erosion is a serious threat to soil resources as it causes depletion of the fine fractions that may result in a less fertile soil. Wind erosion encompasses several processes of which many are related to climate variables. To date, there is little work performed on how wind erosion relates to climate and climate change. In this thesis, atmospheric circulation and wind erosion were analysed to
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling inom forskarutbildningsämnet arbetsmiljöteknik beskriver nyutvecklade provtagnings- och analysmetoder för att undersöka hur reaktionsbenägna luftföroreningar uppkommer och sprids i arbetsmiljön. Antalet människor som drabbas av allergier har ökat de senaste årtiondena. Många av de mekanismer som ger upphov till allergier och överkänslighetsreaktioner kMany sources of airborne contaminants have always been present in various work environments. With the development of thermosetting plastic systems, the use of reactive chemical compounds was greatly increased and thus also the risk of exposure to reactive and potentially hazardous compounds. Exposure can occur in many situations, not only at the workplace where the raw materials are handled. The f
A systematic review of chemotherapy trials in several tumour types was performed by The Swedish Council of Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU). The procedures for the evaluation of the scientific literature are described separately (Acta Oncol 2001; 40: 155-65). This overview on chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancer is based on a total of 176 scientific reports. Five meta-analyses incl
Model-based estimations of historical fluxes and pools of the terrestrial biosphere differ substantially. These differences arise not only from differences between models but also from differences in the environmental and climatic data used as input to the models. Here we investigate the role of uncertainties in historical climate data by performing simulations of terrestrial gross primary product
Inom nuklearmedicinen utnyttjas radioaktiva läkemedel och strålningen som sänds ut från dessa för att diagnosticera och behandla ett flertal olika sjukdomar. Det radioaktiva läkemedlet ges ofta till patienten som en intravenös injektion, och läkemedlets egenskaper i kombination med patientens fysiologi och eventuella sjukdom avgör hur läkemedlet sedan fördelas, omsätts och utsöndras från kroppen. Many nuclear medicine investigations rely on gamma-camera imaging to study and quantify the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals or radionuclides in the patient as a function of time. This is typically used for diagnostic studies of physiological functions or for calculation of absorbed doses following radionuclide therapy. In this work, computational patient models (phantoms) have been developed
The digital era has brought forward many innovative technologies but their contribution to resilient, inclusive and sustainable societies remain ambiguous. Innovation has often been considered a key component for production and economic growth, but this notion is gradually changing. Innovation is turning into a practice for societal responsibility and sustainable development, transforming the dire
Background: Acute bacterial meningitis is a bacterial infection of the membranes that surround and protect the brain, known as the meninges. The primary therapy for bacterial meningitis is antibiotics and corticosteroids. Although these therapies significantly improve outcomes, bacterial meningitis still has a high risk of death and a high risk of neurological sequelae in survivors. New adjuvant t
Abstract: Breast cancers are heterogeneous tumours. Prognostic markers are needed to better profile the patient´s risk, and predictive markers to indicate the expected benefit of systemic treatment. Using gene expression analyses, breast tumours can be divided into intrinsic subtypes. Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers (oestrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR), human epidermal growth facto
BACKGROUND: Global development goals increasingly rely on country-specific estimates for benchmarking a nation's progress. To meet this need, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 estimated global, regional, national, and, for selected locations, subnational cause-specific mortality beginning in the year 1980. Here we report an update to that study, making use
This study focuses on asylum cases decided at Sweden’s migration courts. More precisely, it analyses how the highest legal instance, the Migration Court of Appeal (hereafter MCA), legitimizes decisions that concern asylum seekers. Using critical discourse analysis (CDA), the study makes power relations visible. Investigating central discursive claims that are expressed in the precedents of Swedish
Water security offers to the local population an adequate quality and quantity of water for health, economy, livelihoods and ecosystems. Hence, achieving basic levels of water security should be a priority in areas where access to fresh water is scarce. The Punata alluvial fan (Bolivia) is a semiarid zone and an important agricultural zone, where the main source of water is groundwater. Therefore,
Standardavtalet AB 04 är ofta underliggande avtalsunderlag för utförandeentreprenader. Tolkning av standardavtal grundas på, om en gemensam partsavsikt saknas, en analys av villkorets ordalydelse, avtalets systematik och dess ändamålsskäl. Trots att disciplinen inte är lagstadgad kan dispositiv rätt bli tillämplig vid tolkning eftersom standardavtalet är framförhandlat mot bakgrund av allmänna oblThe standard agreement AB 04 is often the underlying contractual basis for construction contracts. Interpretation of standard agreements is based on, in the absence of a common will of the parties, an analysis of the wording of the condition, the systematical composition of the agreement and its purpose. Although the discipline is not laid down in law, the optional law may be applicable to interpr
Bakgrund. Industrierna utsätts för allt större press att anpassa sig till de håll- barhetsregler som införs. Detta tvingar industrierna att utmana de traditionella tillverkningsprocesser och hitta sätt att göra dem mer hållbara. I de traditionella industrierna används mycket kylvätska, som har stor inverkan på både den miljön och den sociala hållbarheten. Två produktionsmetoder uppvisar betydande Background. Industries are facing increasing pressure to adapt to sustainability regulations being put in place. This forces industries to rethink traditional manufac- turing operations and find ways to make them more sustainable. In the traditional industries there are a lot of coolants being used, these have a big impact on both the environment sustainability as well as social sustainability. Tw
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that will cause pain and stiffness in the joint if not treated. One cause of early osteoarthritis in the hip joint is pediatric hip deformities. Hip deformities can occur in different stages of childhood and cause the bones to be misshapen or the hip joint to be dislocated. This thesis aimed to build subject-specific computer models of the hip joint to fi
Detta examensarbete utvärderar ett absorptionshämmande tillsatsmedel för att möjliggöra användningen av krävande ballast vid betongtillverkning. Den huvudsakliga anledningen till att ballasten benämns som krävande är att den har ovanligt hög absorptionsförmåga. Studien undersöker hur betongens egenskaper påverkas av olika halter absorptionshämmare. Dels studerades glimmerrikt bergkrossmaterial, soThis master thesis evaluates an absorption-inhibiting admixture to enable the use of demanding aggregate materials in concrete production. This was achieved by investigating how the properties of concrete were affected by different levels of absorption inhibitor. Firstly, mica-rich aggre-gate material was studied, which, due to its high mica mineral content, has a high water absorption rate that i
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, leading to notable difficulties with one’s movement. Among different treatment options, stem cell replacement therapies have been recognized as an option to not only treat disease symptoms but to address its underlying cause- neuronal degeneration. This can be achieved throug
This master’s thesis deals with commercialisation strategies for entrepreneurial firms. The basis of the work is a framework of investigation that incorporates a company’s internal and external factors, crucial when determining an appropriate strategy. This framework of investigation is applied on the case company Layerlab. Layerlab is an entrepreneurial company in the biotech industry, aiming at
A fundamental freedom in the European Union is the freedom of establishment. As part of the development of the internal market, it is essential to simplify the possibilities for EU-citizens who wish to establish their business within the internal market. Cross-border balancing within group companies is a way of helping companies to use the internal markets full potential in a more effective way. T
