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Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a signalling sphingolipid affecting multiple cellular functions of vascular and immune systems. It circulates at submicromolar levels bound to HDL-associated apolipoprotein M (apoM) or to albumin. S1P in blood is mainly produced by platelets and erythrocytes, making blood sampling for S1P quantification delicate. Standardisation of sampling is thereby of great impo

Intergovernmental collaboration in Big Science has been an important resource for European science since the 1950s, as a means to compete on global level. But interestingly, collaboration in (basic) science has traditionally been left outside of the political integration work of the European Community/Union, which has resulted in a cluttered policy field and a situation where European Big Science

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av tre separata papper. De är alla empiriska studier som undersöker hur fragmentering av produktionsprocesser och globala utbudskedjor har påverkat internationell handel. Den första studien fokuserar på hur privata standarder i den alltmer globaliserade livsmedelsindustrin påverkar företags importbeteende. Genom att ge en kvalitetsförsäkran kan cert

DescriptionThis thesis consists of two papers. The first gives a game-theoretical treatment of the institutional homogenization of value-oriented firms. It explains why intrinsically motivated, value-oriented firms like non-profits may become similar to for-profit firms in terms of organization and norms. It highlights and explains the pairs: value-oriented and flat organizations in contrast to va

Various biological problems such as disease mechanisms, drug development and toxicological studies motivated the introduction of cellular models that today also represent an alternative for reducing the use of animals in controversial medical and pharmaceutical experiments. Cells are complex matrices where several processes occur simultaneously. Because of this, analytical methods with specific p

Abstract in German Das systemische klinische Bild der Patienten mit SS kann auf eine Disposition vieler Zellarten zurückgeführt werden, bei einer Konfrontation mit Stressreizen überzureagieren. Dies beeinflusst die elementaren zellulären Vorgänge wie Apoptose und Acethylcholine-Rezeptor-Signalvermittlung. Diese Hyperreaktivität des Gewebes kann auch die beobachteten autoimmunogenen Eigenschaften e

Background and purpose The introduction of Monte Carlo (MC) techniques for treatment planning and also for verification purposes will have considerable impact on the radiation therapy planning process. The aim of this work was to use a virtual accelerator to study the performance of a MC-based electron dose calculation algorithm, implemented in a commercial treatment planning system. Methods The

The field of Quaternary science has, through a long history of high-quality research, produced a vast record of evidence regarding ice sheet dynamics. Consequently, our understanding of such processes and their effects are well understood. However, historically the predominant focus has been of a loose sediment perspective, which has resulted in limited insight into ice-bedrock dynamics. This is i

This thesis studies the processing of null objects in the L2 English of two groups with a similar L1 background, Brazilian Portuguese and European Spanish native speakers. Previous research (Alamillo, 2009; Sainzmaza-Lecanda & Schwenter, 2017) reported similarities and contrasts in the two languages regarding null object expression. However, research on null objects lacks a fuller perspective

The project aims to learn about Chinese young people's choices and attitudes towards cooking and solve their problems in cooking. The solution is presented in the form of a product --- a multifunctional electrothermal cooking appliance. The traditional Chinese saying "Food is god for the people" shows the importance of diet in Chinese life. But today, more and more Chinese young peo

The purpose of this study is to to investigate how cultural control can be integrated into the onboarding process as well as how the onboarding process can lead to cynical and non-cynical employees. The empirical part of this study was conducted through an interpretive, abductive, and qualitative research method. The empirical data is collected through a case study of the Swedish Bank Notion and i

Short-term tourists visiting formerly residential areas are a potential source of conflict as the short-term tourists change the place they are visiting and represent an inconvenience to residents. This research uses a mixed methods approach with the short-term rent gap framework introduced by Wachsmuth and Weisler (2018) as the quantitative and an additional online expert interview as the qualita

Clinical models are increasingly employed in medical science as either diagnostic or prognostic aids. Machine-learning methods are able to draw links in large data that can be used to predict patient risk and allow more informed decisions regarding treatment and medication intervention. An advanced clinical predictor, HRDetect, can determine loss of homologous recombination-based repair pathways i

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been applied for several years in the removal process pollutants from secondary treatment plants and stormwater. In this paper, the Variable Residence Time (VART) model for solute transport in streams was extended to simulate the BOD removal process in free water surface flow constructed wetlands (FWS CWs). The double layer concept of the basic VART model was extend

Self-Organizing Network (SON) functions include self-configuration, dynamic optimization and self-healing of networks. In the era of 5G, mobile operators are increasingly exploring areas of SON through Machine Learning (ML) techniques. It is seen that 5G packet switched networks are often hit with radio link failures, an important Key Performance Indicator (KPI). Reasons for a dropped call ranges

The aim of this study was to analyze how former members of Jehovah’s Witnesses describe the social community in the religious movement and how participating in Jehovah’s Witnesses has affected the adult lives during the exiting process. This study also includes analysis about how social workers can help those individuals. The method of this study was a qualitative interview analysis of 8 former Je

Jordens invånarantal ökar med rasande fart vilket också leder till ett ökat behov av mat. Detta har resulterat i ett intensivt jordbruk som bland annat kan orsaka skada på de livsviktiga organismerna som lever i marken. Organismer som lever i marken kan bland annat vara bakterier, svampar och även större organismer såsom daggmaskar. Tillsammans utför dessa viktiga funktioner i marken som är avgöra

This Master Thesis is made in collaboration with ASSA ABLOY Entrance Systems and addresses the issues and problem areas of two dock leveler models; 60 kN and 100 kN to find a new improved design. After the following product development process, a new concept was created which could withstand applied forces exceedingly. The main purpose and goal of the project was to find a dock leveler design whi

Iron is a micronutrient that a lot of people all over the world lack to some extent. Researching new ways to enrich food may be a part of the future food industry. One way is to enrich the crops we grow. Hence, with the help of ascorbic acid as a pH adjustor and ironcitrate, tries have been made to enrich alfalfa sprouts. Sprouting as a method is also a good way to break down antinutrients in seed