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Yeasts are unicellular fungi exhibiting a huge diversity of life styles and physiologies and their evolutionary span exceeds the one between mammals and unchordates. The recent advances in genome sequencing and comparative genomics accelerated genomic, evolutionary and physiological studies of yeasts, making them a very promising model to study eukaryotic cell, and also deepened our understanding
We introduce the concept of "residual investigation" for program analysis. A residual investigation is a dynamic check installed as a result of running a static analysis that reports a possible program error. The purpose is to observe conditions that indicate whether the statically predicted program fault is likely to be realizable and relevant. The key feature of a residual investigation is that
BACKGROUND: Defecography is considered to be an essential investigation in the evaluation of functional anorectal disorders, but the agreement between observers from different clinical centers has never been evaluated. METHODS: 14 defecographic studies were selected aimed to cover the most relevant defecographic findings responsible for disordered defecation. Eight studies were considered unequivo
The Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis is the main offshore wintering seaduckspecies in the Baltic region, although numbers have declined steeply since the early 1990s. The reasons for the decline are not well understood and information about habitat choice is scarce. Blue Mussels Mytilus edulis are the main food source for Longtailed Ducks in the southern Baltic Sea and here we have used both mod
The building permission process is to a large extent an analogue process where much information is handled in paper format or as pdf files. With the ongoing digitalisation in society, there is a potential to automate this process by integrating Building Information Models (BIM) of planned buildings and geospatial data to check if a building conforms to the building permission regulations. In this
BACKGROUND. With a substantial rise in the incidence of skin cancer, skin surgery has become an increasingly large part of dermatology. Skin surgery is best performed by dermatologists. This demands effective training in dermatologic surgery, including flap surgery. OBJECTIVE. To find a modern alternative to traditional training on pig's feet skin in teaching flap surgery to residents in dermatolo
The existence and nature of indirect genetic benefits to mate choice remain contentious. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, which play a vital role in determining pathogen resistance in vertebrates, may be the link between mate choice and the genetic inheritance of vigour in offspring. Studies have shown that MHC-dependent mate choice can occur in mammal and fish species, but little wor
30 patients with malignant pleuritis were randomised to be treated, either with intrapleural instillation of mepacrine chloride or with mitoxantrone. The patients were evaluated with chest X-ray and a symptom questionnaire during a follow-up period of 12 weeks. Mitoxantrone levels in the pleural space and plasma were measured at different time points in some of the patients. High concentrations of
In this work, a k-space segmentation technique for quantitative studies of pulsatile cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow is suggested. Three k-space lines are sampled for each of two interleaved gradient-echo sequences (velocity-compensated and velocity-encoded) within each repetition interval. Nine cardiac phases are obtained at a heart rate of 60 bpm with maintained nominal resolution and a factor of
Age-associated and degenerative loss of functional integrity in soft tissues develops from effects of cumulative and subtle changes in their extracellular matrix (ECM). The highly ordered tendon ECM provides the tissue with its tensile strength during loading. As age and exercise collude in the high incidence of tendinopathies, we hypothesized that aged tendons fail due to cumulative damage result
Objectives: Occupational exposure to diesel exhaust is common due the widespread use of dieselpowered combustion engines. Diesel exhaust is chemically complex and consists of thousands of compounds present as gases and particulate matter. Both nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and elemental carbon(EC) have been used as markers for diesel exhaust exposure. Currently EC is regarded as the best surrogate of die
On 25 March 2015, the Enlarged Board of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EBA) finally delivered its’ much awaited decisions on the consolidated referrals G2/12 (“Tomato II”) and G2/13 (“Broccoli II”). The EBA affirmed that products, namely plants or parts thereof, obtained by essentially biological processes are – unlike individual plant varieties – principally patentable under the European P
The efforts to develop a dopamine cell replacement therapy for Parkinson's disease have spanned over more than three decades. Based on almost 10 years of transplantation studies in animal models, the first patients receiving grafts of fetal-derived dopamine neuroblasts were operated in Lund in 1987. Over the following two decades, a total of 18 patients were transplanted and followed closely by ou
Background: Many women of childbearing age are occupationally active, which leads to a large number of pregnancies potentially exposed to occupational exposures. Occupational noise has been identified as a risk factor for hearing impairment in adults. However, very few studies have assessed the effect of occupational noise on the fetus. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether
Our study aims to investigate the relationships of the major lineages within the moth family Geometridae, with a focus on the poorly studied Oenochrominae- Desmobathrinae complex, and to translate some of the results into a coherent subfamilial and tribal level classification for the family. We analyzed a molecular dataset of 1,206 Geometroidea terminal taxa from all biogeographical regions compri
BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency in polycythaemia vera (PV) may impact the validity of the haematocrit (HCT), since HCT is red blood cell count (RBC) × mean corpuscular volume (MCV).OBJECTIVES: To investigate (a) the effect of microcytosis on HCT, (b) the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as a possible additional diagnostic marker for PV.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 182 subjects: 39 wit
Vid en diskussion om nivån på den svenska bolagsskatten är det av stor vikt att avgöra huruvida diskussionen rör den nominella eller den effektiva skattesatsen. Den nominella skattesatsen uppgår till 28 procent och återfinns i 65 kap. 14 § IL. Den effektiva skattesatsen är däremot inte given utan kan i viss utsträckning påverkas, eftersom den bestäms genom att dividera skatt på årets resultat med
Fåmansbolagsreglerna är ett mycket komplext regelverk som har sedan de första bestämmelserna infördes diskuterats, kritiserats och utvecklats. Bestämmelser som reglerade situationer som kunde uppstå i företag med en eller ett fåtal ägare infördes för första gången år 1976. Bestämmelserna infördes framförallt för att undvika att den fördelning av arbetsinkomster och kapitalinkomster valdes, som varThe closely held company rules is a very complicated set of rules that has been constantly discussed, criticized and under development. Tax rules that regulated situations in companies with one or only a few owners were first introduced in 1976. The rules were introduced to avoid that the division of labour income and capital income was chosen that was the most advantageous from a tax perspective
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Om ett föremål skjuts på från två olika håll, då är det ofta svårt att veta i vilken riktning det slutligen kommer att röra sig. Ännu svårare blir det förstås, om storleken på de pådrivande krafterna är okänd. Vassen i sjön Vänern är nu i en liknande, nästan villrådig fas. Den kan besluta att växa och ta sig vidare ut i vattnet, eller att minska och på så vis håA new regulation of water levels in lake Vänern, causes reason to expect reed to spread over larger areas. However, geese have the opposite effect, that is, their grazing on reed is expected to reduce the reed distribution. Hence, grazing by geese on reed will be monitored to cover the larger variables that affect the reed distribution after the introduction of the new water regulation. A method f
