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In this thesis, the electronic structure and optical properties of semiconductor nanostructures are studied theoretically. Three types of nanostructures have been studied, silicon nanocrystals, free-standing III-V nanowires and free-standing GaAs/AlGaAs nanowire superlattices. The calculations have been carried out using an atomistic, empirical tight-binding approach. Silicon nanocrystals have at
This thesis concerns the experimental study of mixing and flow characteristic in turbulent circular impinging jets without and with jet orifice manipulators (i.e. passive-fixed perturbations atthe nozzle exit), without and with swirl. The goal of the studies is to understand the basic mechanisms that control the mixing processes in turbulent impinging jets. The applications of such mixing processe
Use of nutrition claims and health claims in labelling of food products is frequent, not least on food products categorised as functional foods. Studies show frequent use of such information in consumers’ choice of food products, even if many consumers find it confusing and want it reinforced by other trusted sources of information. Studies also show consumers to have a low understanding of concep
We consider the problem of reconstructing the sound field in a room using prior information of the boundary geometry, represented as a point cloud. In general, when no boundary information is available, an accurate sound field reconstruction over a large spatial region and at high frequencies requires numerous microphone measurements. On the other hand, if all geometrical and acoustical aspects of
Biodegradation is becoming an attractive mode of operation for eliminating toxic chemicals released from industrial processes or already present in the environment. One needs, however, not only to identify organisms capable of degrading such chemicals, but also to address the issue of whether these chemicals, after being degraded, will be toxic to the degrading organisms if present in high concent
Popular Abstract in Swedish Streptococcus pyogenes Människan är ständigt koloniserad av en mängd olika mikroorganismer. De flesta bakterier är ofarliga och en del av dem är faktiskt nödvändiga för oss, t.ex. de tarmbakterier som hjälper oss att producera vitaminer. Grupp A streptokocker (GAS) eller Streptococcus pyogenes, är en av de vanligaste sjukdomsframkallande bakterierna hos människan. De kaWe have found that a set of group A streptococcal strains, primarily associated with skin infections, express surface-associated M proteins that bind plasminogen and plasmin with high affinity. The binding is mediated by a common 13 amino acid internal repeated sequence located in the NH2-terminal surface-exposed portion of these M proteins. It could be demonstrated that plasminogen, absorbed by t
Popular Abstract in Swedish De senaste årens framsteg inom bioteknologin har medfört att det utvecklas allt fler proteinbaserade läkemedel. Detta innebär att vi har fått bättre mediciner mot allvarliga sjukdomar, men tyvärr måste proteiner nästan alltid tas med spruta, och ofta krävs långa behandlingar med dagliga injektioner. Det finns även andra grupper av läkemedelssubstanser som ökar i omfattnControlled-release formulations reduce the frequency of injections and better maintain plasma concentrations within the therapeutic window. Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) is currently the most frequently used biodegradable polymer for this application. In order to be able to control the release rate, it is vital to know the underlying release mechanisms. A novel method for measuring the diff
Introduction: This research sought to extend knowledge about bystanders in bullying situations with a focus on the motivations that lead them to different responses. The 2 primary goals of this study were to investigate the reasons for children's decisions to help or not to help a victim when witnessing bullying, and to generate a grounded theory (or conceptual framework) of bystander motivation i
Digital image correlation (DIC) can measure full-field surface strains during mechanical testing of hard and soft tissues. When compared to traditional methods, such as strain gauges, DIC offers larger validation data (similar to 50,000 points) for, e.g., finite element models. Our main aim was to evaluate the repeatability of surface strain measurements with DIC during compressive testing of comp
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Orlistat, a lipase inhibitor, strongly inhibits the activities of all gastric/pancreatic lipases except pancreatic phospholipase A(2)in vitro. In clinical use, for obesity treatment, it induces a variable degree of weight loss and steatorrhoéa. The aim of this study was to examine the degree of in vivo inhibition of individual gastric/pancreatic lipases by Orlistat in man, whe
Background, Aims and Scope. Using renewable feedstock and introducing biocatalysts in the chemical industry have been suggested as the key strategies to reduce the environmental impact of chemicals. The Swedish interdisciplinary programme 'Greenchem', is aiming to develop these strategies. One target group of chemicals for Greenchem are wax esters which can be used in wood surface coatings for woo
Different aspects of cantilevers to be used as sensors have been studied. Silicon cantilevers have been fabricated and integrated on CMOS chips using low-energy electron beam lithography in order to reduce the irradiation damage to the circuits. The released and integrated cantilevers have been tested and used as mass sensors in air. The resonance frequency of the cantilever was measured before an
Popular Abstract in Swedish Studiet av igenkänningsminne har varit centralt i minneslitteraturen under mer än ett århundrade, vilket har resulterat i ökad förståelse för hur olika minnesprocesser fungeraroch interagerar vid inkodning, lagring och framplockning av minnen. Igenkänningsminne är vanligtvis förklarat av mät-modeller och statistiska modeller vilka härstammar från tvåprocess teori och siFor more than a century, an immense interest has been devoted to the study of recognition memory, where a multitude of memory phenomena has been explained. Recognition memory is usually described with parsimonious measurement and statistical models, stemming from dual process theory and signal detection theory. In the present thesis, the most often used models of recognition memory are reviewed an
Background. Primary care doctors see patients from diverse cultural backgrounds and communication plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment. Communication problems can arise when patient and doctor do not share the same cultural background. Objective. The aim of this study was to examine how consultations with immigrant patients are understood by GPs and how GPs manage these consultation
Members of the bone morphogenetic protein-1/tolloid (BMP-1/Tld) family of metalloproteinases, also known as procollagen C-proteinases (PCPs), control multiple biological events ( including matrix assembly, cross-linking, cell adhesion/migration and pattern formation) through enzymatic processing of several extracellular substrates. PCP activities on fibrillar procollagens can be stimulated by anot
BACKGROUND: In animals, we have previously done successful lung transplantations using organs from non-heart-beating donors. We have also developed an ex-vivo system of assessing the function of such organs before transplantation. The next stage was to try the technique in human beings. Bearing in mind the sensitive ethical issues involved, our first aim was to find out what procedures would be ac
During the last twenty years archaeology has experienced a technological revolution that spans scientific achieve-ments and day-to-day practices. The tools and methods from this digital change have also strongly impacted archaeology. Image-based 3D modeling is becoming more common when documenting archaeological features but is still not implement-ed as standard in field excavation projects. When
In this paper I examine potential implications of how a “Dual-process theory” of the mind can influence ethical theory. It is a theory dividing the brain in two system, an (1) implicit system, as intuitive, automatic and unconscious, and an (2) explicit system, as a deductive and conscious process. Empirical studies seem to indicate that this is how we can understand moral reasoning. It has been p
