Filetype
The exponential growth of Big Data, the Internet of Things (IoT), and Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly increased the computational and energy demands of modern computing systems. In response, research has increasingly focused on alternative machine learning paradigms and hardware architectures that reduce model complexity and computational load. One such paradigm is the Kolmogorov-Ar
Kommentarerna till OECD:s modellavtal har tillmätts betydelse i flera länders domstolar vid tolkning av skatteavtal. En uppdatering av kommentarerna görs kontinuerligt av CFA och en fråga som därmed uppstår är vilken version av kommentarerna som en domstol kan beakta. Antingen tillämpas ett statiskt förhållningssätt eller ett ambulatoriskt förhållningssätt till kommentarerna. Med ett statiskt förhThe commentaries to the OECD Model Convention are a significant tool in several countries’ courts when interpreting tax treaty provisions. The commentaries are continuously revised by the CFA and the question that therefore arises is which version of the commentaries can be consulted by courts. Either a static or an ambulatory approach can be used. The static approach means the commentaries existi
Både de mellanstatliga skatteavtalen och EU-rätten grundar sig på och är beroende av staternas lojalitet och efterlevnad. Det faller sig naturligt att både skatteavtal och EU-rätt skall ha företräde framför interna regler för att få genomslag och utifrån syftet önskad effekt. En absolut efterlevnad ställer dock till problem när mellanstatliga samarbeten missbrukas, varför både OECD och EU bekräftaTax treaties as well as EU law lean on the foundation of loyalty and are dependent on the compliance of membership nations. For desired effect, it is natural for both EU regulations and tax treaties to take precedence over local rules. However, absolute compliance creates issues when inter-governmental collaborations are abused. Hence, OECD and EU have agreed on the possibility for internal counte
Energy efficiency and environmental questions have gained increased attention over the last decade. In combination with global warming and increasing cooling demands, the Swedish market for combined heating and cooling solutions such as ground source heat pumps expands. As it currently stands, the multi-family building market is highly dominated by district heating, while the market share of combi
The main monitoring method during labor is cardiotocography, CTG, which measures the fetal heartbeat, FHR, as well as the uterine contractions, TOCO. The CTG is a valuable tool in assessing the fetal status and it is evaluated intermittently by clinicians during the progress of the labor. However, abnormalities in the CTG are often non-specific which makes the interpretation difficult and inconsis
Background: The pleiotropic action of ticagrelor, with effects in addition to platelet inhibition, has been shown to improve endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease. These positive effects are possibly adenosine mediated. This study investigated the association of ticagrelor therapy and coronary artery flow reserve in survivors of myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: This was
Background: Dietary pattern analysis has gained particular interest, because it reflects the complexity of dietary intake. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between a posteriori dietary patterns, derived using a data-driven approach, and the risk of differentiated thyroid cancer (TC) in Europe. Methods: This investigation included 450,064 adults from the European Prospective In
Wood based energy is the main source of cooking and heating fuel in Sub-Saharan Africa. Its use rises as the population increases. Inefficient cook stoves result in fuel wastage and health issues associated with smoke in the kitchen. As users are poor women, they tend not to be consulted on cook stove development, hence the need for participatory development of efficient woodfuel cooking systems.
Background: Preoperative alteration of T cell-mediated immunity as well as an altered immune response to surgical stress were found in long-term alcoholic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative T cell-mediated immune parameters as well as cytokine release from whole blood cells after lipopolysaccharide stimulation and its association with postoperative infections. Methods: F
AIMS : Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a disorder of unknown aetiology characterized by orthostatic intolerance and tachycardia with diverse other symptoms, including neurocognitive deficits. Cerebral oximetry non-invasively measures cerebral tissue saturation (SctO2) and has been shown to be informative in syncope evaluation. We aimed to assess SctO2 in POTS patients and those
Syftet med denna uppsats är att redogöra för regleringen av självförvållad berusning i svensk och tysk straffrätt, och dess förhållande till grundläggande straffrättsliga principer. Utmärkande för problematiken kring självförvållad berusning är stridigheterna mellan kriminalpolitiska effektivitetsskäl å ena sidan, och den grundläggande straffrättsliga skuldprincipen å andra sidan. I svensk rätt reThe aim of this essay is to investigate the regulation of self-induced intoxication in Swedish and German criminal law and its relation with fundamental rule of law-principles. Characteristic for this problematic area is the incompatibility between the legislator’s criminal policy on the one hand, and fundamental rule of law principles as the principle of culpability on the other hand. In Swedish
The paper discusses the changing conditions for (political) deception in the information-age. Starting off with a short overview of how previous knowledge-traditions; mythology, historical accounts and the present-day academia has problematized and conceptualized deception, the paper examines and discusses (political) deception from a political science perspective. Explaining the foundation in est
Background: The rapid increase in type 2 diabetes worldwide has mainly been attributed to lifestyle factors, including poor eating habits and physical inactivity. Type and quality of diet is a key factor in both prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Aim: To investigate the association between diet quality and risk of type 2 diabetes. Methods and Subjects: This prospective study in the M
This project explores improvements of breaching procedure to the benefit of fire-fighter for security doors of a security class RC3 and higher. The background of the project is based in an interview with experienced fire-fighters about taxing tasks in their profession. Breaching was identified as an issue due to its physically though requirements, stressful environment and necessity when accessing
The relationship between fertility rate and economic growth is an important subject. This thesis sums up the current research status and use in regression and correlation data analysis, which consists of 120 developing countries in total from 1970 to 2014. On the one hand, total fertility rate has a negative effect on economic growth in the current period. When human capital is scarce, returns of
Medications are of considerable help if healthcare providers are able to administer them to patients safely and appropriately. The medication use process is complex and a team of professionals – doctors, nurses, and pharmacists – work together with the patient for optimal treatment effect. The process involves many sub-processes and in every step there is a possibility for an error. Cytotoxic drug
Popular Abstract in English At the beginning of 20th century, scientists started to realize that atoms exhibited the discrete behaviour, e.g. the energies of bond electrons were not continuously distributed, but had discrete values. Light is also transmitted as discrete packages (called photons). These phenomena can not be explained by classical physics, which has been accepted as the law of descrThe work presented in this thesis was concerned with investigating the relevant spectroscopic properties of Ce ions randomly doped in an Y2SiO5 crystal at low temperatures (around 4 K), in order to develop a technique and an experimental set-up to detect the fluorescence photons emitted by a single Ce ion. The aim of the work was to determine whether a single Ce ion (referred to as the readout ion
Background: Acute thromboembolic occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is associated with high mortality. Recent advances in diagnostics and surgical techniques may affect outcome. Methods: Through the Swedish Vascular Registry (Swedvasc), 121 open and 42 endovascular revascularizations of the SMA at 28 hospitals during 1999 to 2006 were identified. Patient medical records were retriev
We report on the multi-wavelength observations of PKS 1510-089 (a flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) at z = 0.361) during its high activity period between 2008 September and 2009 June. During this 11 month period, the source was characterized by a complex variability at optical, UV, and gamma-ray bands, on timescales down to 6-12 hr. The brightest gamma-ray isotropic luminosity, recorded on 2009 Ma
