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Background: The complexity and dynamical nature of community interactions make modelling a useful tool for understanding how communities develop over time and how they respond to external perturbations. Large community-evolution models (LCEMs) are particularly promising, since they can address both ecological and evolutionary questions, and can give rise to richly structured and diverse model comm
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate how the customer offering of service companies can be de designed to be more customer oriented and gain market shares in a competitive market. In particular, focus of the study was on revenue models and customer offerings based on value co-‐creation and its implications on the business model as a whole. Method: This study is based on a case study
We define a mathematical method that, given the form of an interaction network, defines an energy as a function of the state of the network. When combined with a suitable entropy, it yields a free energy that gives rise to the dynamics of the network, allowing solutions and optimal paths to be efficiently found. This is done primarily with the gene regulatory networks governing cell reprogramming
The presented study deals with the off-line coupling of preparative isotachophoresis (pITP) with on-line combination of capillary zone electrophoresis with electrospray mass spectrometric detection (CZE-ESI-MS) used for the analysis of therapeutic peptides (anserine, carnosine, and buserelin) in complex matrix (urine). Preparative capillary isotachophoresis, operating in a discontinuous fractionat
Demographic transitions are something that every country goes through, however do countries do it at different times. The Western world and Japan are today facing aging populations, developing countries of Africa are still facing high mortality, high fertility rates and booming populations while countries of South Asia and South America are somewhere in between. The demographic diffusion sets up a
This chapter examines the role of economic factors in first marriage in seven locations in pre-industrial Europe and Asia using a two-generation theory, which also takes socioeconomic class into account. In these settings, the household provided a major welfare function for its members. Access to land was of considerable importance, but so was the prevalent family system – whether a married couple
Popular Abstract in Swedish I början av 1980-talet rökte ungefär var tredje gravid kvinna i Sverige. Detta innebar att rökning under graviditet var lika vanligt förekommande som rökning bland den vuxna befolkningen i övrigt. Sedan dess har rökningen bland gravida minskat markant och idag är det ungefär 10-12% som röker vid inskrivningen på mödravårdscentralen. Rökning under graviditet är en av deA smoking cessation program targeting pregnant women and their partners was monitored during 17 years and subjected to several substudies. All women in Blekinge, who gave birth in the months of September during the period 1984 to 2000, were asked to fill out a questionnaire, anonymously, about their smoking habits before and during pregnancy. During these years a long-term educational programme co
How does costly communication affect organizational coordination? This paper develops a model of costly communication based on the weakest-link game and boundedly rational agents. Solving for the stochastically stable states, we find that communication increases the possibilities for efficient coordination compared to a setting where agents cannot communicate. But as agents face a trade-off betwee
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hjärt-kärlsjukdomar har varit de dominerande orsakerna till sjukdom och död i västvärlden sedan decennier. Insjuknande i hjärtinfarkt och slaganfall beror bl.a. på åderförkalkning och blodproppsbildning. Åderförkalkning är en sjukdomsprocess som börjar i pulsådrornas kärlväggar åratals innan insjuknandet i infarkt eller slaganfall inträffar. Förhindrandet av första insjThe importance of studying cardiovascular disease before the process leads to hard end-points has been recognised, and methods to quantify early atherosclerosis have been taken in use in many research centres around the world. An ultrasound method with a computer assisted image analysing system was developed in co-operation with the Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research and Chalmers Un
The effect of the electrodes on the early signal of the ionization sensor has been studied experimentally and with a model for the sensor. Experiments in a constant-volume combustion chamber with a generic electrode configuration allowed to investigate the role of electrode contact and the main path of the current. A framework for a model allowing the inclusion of electrode processes is introduced
When the wavelength is much larger than the typical scale of the microstructure in a material, it is possible to define effective or homogenized material coefficients. The classical way of determination of the homogenized coefficients consists of solving an elliptic problem in a unit cell. This method and the Floquet-Bloch method, where an eigenvalue problem is solved, are numerically compared wit
The objective of this study was to characterise anaerobic batch biodegradation of potato waste alone and when co-digested with sugar beet leaves. The effects of increasing concentration of potato waste expressed as percentage of total solids (TS) and the initial inoculum-to-substrate ratio (ISR) on methane yield and productivity were investigated. The ISRs studied were in the range 9.0-0.25 and in
An analytical procedure based on microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and standard addition was applied for the determination of banned azo dyes in bovine, sheep, and goat leather. Standard addition at four different concentration levels was performed using azo dyes, dissolved either in methanol or water. All dyes were determined indirectly by measuring their corresponding harmful aromatic amines,
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are reported as activated in excess in the morbidly obese state and, therefore, changes after weight loss can be anticipated. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a massive (similar to30%) weight reduction on the activation of the HPA axis and the ANS following bariatric surgery. Eight (7 women, 1 ma
Cathepsin D is a lysosomal protease implicated in cancer metastasis. Its concentration in breast tumours has also been shown to be of prognostic importance, although to what extent this is subject to lymph node status, the use of adjuvant therapy and menopausal status has not been clearly evaluated. At a cut-off level of 45 pmol/mg protein (61% of the 623 samples were classified as high cathepsin
The DAΦNE electron-positron collider of the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati of INFN has made available a unique quality low-energy negatively charged kaons "beam", which is being used to study the kaon-nucleon/nuclei interactions by the SIDDHARTA-2 experiment and the AMADEUS Collaboration. The dynamics of the strong interaction processes in the nonperturbative regime is approached by lattice calc
Do you know silica, the tetrahedra of silicon and oxygen constituting the crystals of New Agers and the desiccant in a box of new shoes? It’s no mere mundane mineral. As chemically reacting silicate rocks, silica set off the chain of events known as the origin of life. As biomineralized opal, it is the cell wall, skeleton, spicules, and scales of organisms ornamenting numerous lobes of the tree of
