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Background In adults with serious respiratory illness, breathlessness is prevalent and associated with reduced health-related quality of life. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of breathing techniques on breathlessness in adults with serious respiratory illness. Methods Electronic databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials testing breathing techniques (technique

Background: Home oxygen therapy (HOT) improves survival in patients with hypoxaemic chronic respiratory disease. Most patients evaluated for HOT are former or active smokers. Oxygen accelerates combustion and smoking may increase the risk of burn injuries and fire hazards; therefore, it is considered a contraindication for HOT in many countries. However, there is variability in the practices and p

Alla dör, men våra upplevelser av livets slut ser olika ut beroende på hur vårt liv och våra relationer sett ut. Denna avhandling undersöker hur genus, ålder och relationer påverkar människors erfarenheter och möjligheter under livets slutskede. I en tid då såväl hälso- och sjukvårdssystemen som informellt vård- och omsorgsgivande är satta under press är det extra viktigt att utveckla kunskap om The way that we die and care for the dying today is changing, related to extended life expectancy, neoliberalization, as well as shifting caring roles in relation to gender. In a time of “care crisis”, both formal and informal care resources are under duress, making the question of how to provide “a good death” complex and contested in new ways. Scholars in public health have posited a health prom

Rationale: According to the Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), the FEV1/FVC ratio is used to confirm the presence of airflow obstruction in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whereas FEV1 percent predicted normal value (FEV1%pred) is used for grading its severity. The STaging of Airflow obstruction by the FEV1/FVC Ratio (STAR), and its prediction of

Background Studies on the survival of patients with home mechanical ventilation (HMV) are sparse. We aimed to analyse the impact of controlled hypercapnia on survival over 27 years among patients with HMV in Sweden. Study design and methods Population-based cohort study of adult patients starting HMV in the Swedish Registry for Respiratory Failure (Swedevox) during 1996–2022 cross-linked with the

Artificial neural networks is one of the most commonly used machine learning algorithms in medical applications. However, they are still not used in practice in the clinics partly due to their lack of explanatory capacity. We compare two case-based explanation methods to two trained physicians on analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) data from patients with a suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Filtering and reconstruction of signals play a fundamental role in modern signal processing, telecommunications, and control theory and are used in numerous applications. The feedback principle is an important concept in control theory. Many different control strategies are based on the assumption that all internal states of the control object are available for feedback. In most cases, however, o

The aim of this work was to investigate and quantify the effects of system noise, nodule location, anatomical noise and anatomical background on the detection of lung nodules in different regions of the chest x-ray. Simulated lung nodules of diameter 10 mm but with varying detail contrast were randomly positioned in four different kinds of images: 1) clinical images collected with a 200 speed CR s

The paper reviews a number of cellular neural network implementations on a field-programmable gate-array. It illustrates experimentally, how these implementations can be used to measure from images or to create dynamic, autonomous processes that facilitate measurements within topographic maps. Applications range from image understanding to robot navigation

Aim: The primary objective of this study was to describe demographics and end-of-life treatments of children with cancer at a government tertiary cancer center in India. Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken of medical charts of all children younger than 18 years, who died as inpatients while undergoing treatment at the pediatric oncology department between April and September 2016. Data

Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to describe how EL was eased, as narrated by frail older people. Background: Existential loneliness (EL) is an unavoidable part of the human condition. It is a complex phenomenon that has been described as disconnection from life. If EL is acknowledged in the care of older people, the experience of EL can be reduced. Design: In this qualitative study,

BACKGROUND: Pramipexole, a dopamine agonist, has demonstrated antidepressant efficacy as an augmentation strategy in unipolar and bipolar depression. However, dopaminergic treatments are associated with impulse control disorders, including gambling disorder, and evidence regarding behavioural risks in psychiatric populations remains limited.METHODS: We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort

Corrosion of cables can result in brittle and unexpected failures and represents a critical concern for prestressed concrete bridges with post-tensioned (PT) tendons. In these structures, corrosion is typically facilitated by inadequate grout injection and/or the use of poor-quality mortar during construction. Such deficiencies create favorable conditions for corrosion initiation and propagation.

Ubiquitously used for monitoring pipelines and infrastructures, distributed fibre-optic acoustic sensing is becoming an emerging technology for earthquake monitoring thanks to the possibility to interrogate a large vast of distances with a dense number of sensing points in which an optical fiber cable can be retrofitted. Moreover, it can also be used as a tool by geophysicists for the characteriza

Environmental loads, such as wind and river flow, play an essential role in the structural design and structural assessment of long-span bridges. Climate change and extreme climatic events are threats to the reliability and safety of the transport network. This has led to a growing demand for digital twin models to investigate the resilience of bridges under extreme climate conditions. Kalix bridg