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Multimodal transportation in the European continent is an integral part of cross border trade and in particular the use of sea and river carriers. The phenomenon of short sea shipping has reached a level of importance of which all European states must take cognisance. One of the policies associated with this issue is the development of the motorways of the sea. While Ukraine is not yet a part of t

The proposed algorithm aims at helping diabetic patients which use multi-dose injection (MDI) therapy to determine the dose and time of insulin and glucose intakes to stabilize their blood glucose (BG) concentration. The objective is to spend most of the time in normal BG range (70-180 mg/dl). The control was done by minimizing the risk of hypo- and hyperglycemia over the doses and times of insuli

Geoportals are increasingly used for searching, viewing, and downloading spatial data. This study concerns methods to improve the visual presentation in viewing services. When spatial data in a viewing service are taken from more than one source there are often syntactic, semantic, topological, and geometrical conflicts that prevent maps being fully consistent. In this study we extend a standard v

In this paper, I describe systems and prototypes we created in the natural language processing group at Lund to extract structured knowledge from text. Starting from syntactic and semantic parsingcomponents,wedevelopedapplicationsthatcanhandlelargecorpora,typicallycomplete Wikipedia versions consisting of millions of documents and process text to identify entities and the relations between them. I

Recent decades have been characterised by increasingly complex governance structures. In order to tackle threats from epidemics, environmental degradation and other trans-boundary problems governments collaborate not only with actors from other governments, international agencies and civil society, but also from the private sector and business community. Large numbers of global partnerships, inclu

The extent to which in-situ global mechanical tensioning (GMT) can be used to modify the residual stress state in friction stir (FS) welds is investigated in this article. Residual stress distributions have been determined by synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction for four sets of FS welds in high-strength AA7449-W51 and lithium containing AA2199-T8 aerospace aluminum alloys subjected to a syst

The advent of Java and similar languages on the real-time system scene necessitates the development of efficient strategies for scheduling the work of a garbage collector in a non-intrusive way. We propose a scheduling strategy, time-triggered garbage collection, based on assigning the collector a deadline for when it must complete its current cycle. We show that a time-triggered CC with fixed dea

I EU-rätten finns många versioner av ne bis in idem. De återfinns inte minst i huvudkällorna till mänskliga rättigheter i unionen: EU:s allmänna principer, stadgan om de mänskliga rättigheterna och Europakonventionen, men också i konventionen om tillämpning av Schengenavtalet och många andra regelverk. Denna uppsats berör frågan huruvida det ändå finns en enda, sammanhållen ”kärn”-förståelse av neThere are many versions of ne bis in idem in EU law. They can be found not least in the main sources of human rights of the EU legal order: the general principles of EU law, the Charter of Fundamental Rights, the European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, but also in the Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement and many other bodies of law. This essay add

Offentliga inköp av varor, tjänster och byggentreprenader som görs av statliga och kommunala myndigheter måste föregås av en offentlig upphandling enligt lag (2007:1091) om offentlig upphandling. Leverantören av varan, tjänsten eller byggentreprenaden som anser att en upphandling inte har gått rätt till, kan ansöka om överprövning av en upphandling till allmän förvaltningsdomstol enligt 16 kap. 4 Swedish contracting authorities purchasing public goods, services and public works contracts, are obliged to follow Swedish law on Public Procurement Act (2007:1091). If the procurement has not been correctly performed, an economic operator can apply for a review to the administrative court according to Chapter 16 § 4 in the Swedish law on Public Procurement Act. The regulation is based on Europea

Fängelse på livstid tillämpas som påföljd för flera brott enligt svensk lag. Majoriteten av de livstidsdömda har begått brottet mord, som regleras i 3 kap. 1 § brottsbalken. Under de senaste åren har denna paragraf ändrats två gånger, och ytterligare en ändring har nu föreslagits, i syfte att skärpa straffen och öka tillämpningen av livstids fängelse som påföljd för mord. Syftet med uppsatsen ärLife imprisonment is used as a penalty for several crimes in Swedish law. The majority of those sentenced to life imprisonment have committed murder. This crime is regulated in chapter 3, paragraph 1 in the Swedish Penal Code. In recent years, the legislators have expressed a will to change this paragraph. Two changes have been made so far, and another amendment has been proposed, in order to incr

Innan 1994 fanns ingen lagstadgad rätt till personlig assistans. Efter den s.k. Handikapputredningen år 1989 kom ett lagförslag som utmynnade i Lag (1993:387) om stöd och service till vissa funktionshindrade (LSS). Enligt denna lag skulle de funktionshindrade som hade krävande och omfattande hjälpbehov ha rätt till en personlig assistent. Försäkringskassan blev beslutsmyndighet för att avgöra huruBefore 1994 there was no legal right to a personal assistant in Sweden. After the so-called Handikapputredningen in year 1989, Lag (1993) om stöd och service till vissa funktionshindrade (LSS) was instituted.* According to this law, the disabled people who had exigent and extensive needs would have right to a personal assistant. The Swedish Social Insurance Agency (SSIA) became the agency responsi

Sverige är det enda land, bland med Sverige jämförbara länder, som inte har ett krav på tillräknelighet för att en person ska kunna dömas för brott. Med tillräknelighet menas att personen ska ha haft en grundläggande förmåga att förstå innebörden av sina handlingar, en slags ansvarsförmåga. En diskussion om ett införande av ett sådant krav har dock länge förts och tre statliga utredningar harSweden is the only country, among comparable countries, whose criminal legislation does not include a requirement of accountability, also known as an insanity defence. The meaning of the requirement of accountability is that a person must have had a fundamental understanding of the meaning of their actions to be evicted of a crime. An introduction of such a requirement has, however, been under

Förenta nationernas klimatpanel indikerade redan år 1990 att klimatförändringarnas största inverkan kan vara på mänsklig migration. Idag är fenomenet med klimatinducerad migration redan en realitet och det förväntas bli allt mer akut under de kommande åren med miljontals människor på flykt från sina hem och samhällen. Ändå är situationen för klimatflyktingar, en kategori människor som i nuläget saThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicated already in 1990 that the greatest impact of climate change could be on human migration. At present, the phenomenon of climate-induced migration is already a reality and it is expected to become increasingly urgent in the forthcoming years with millions of people displaced from their homes and communities. Yet, the situation of climate

In this report, methods for risk and vulnerability analysis of technological infrastructure and transport are examined. Fault Tree Analysis, Event Tree Analysis, and QRA can, along with Anticipatory Failure Determination, Hierarchical Holographic Modelling, and System Action Management, be used as methods for risk and vulnerability analysis of technical infrastructure. For risk and vulnerability a

Children’s and young persons’ rights have received increasing been focus in recent decades, due in a significant degree to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. In Sweden, compulsory care in the social-services system is disputed, not least for the forceful measures that facility personnel have at their disposal to control children in certain conflict situations. The general aim of this ar

Cities have an important role to play in implementing the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and to mobilize sustainability at the urban level. Yet, municipalities encounter challenges in localizing the SDGs into their governance structures, and there is a need to advance our understanding of cities strengths and weaknesses in such processes. In this article we provide knowledge and reflectio

Following dramatic changes in the international security environment, civil defence has reemerged as a central priority of governments, which requires collaboration among many stakeholders across sectors and levels of authority. Conditions for achieving such collaboration is a long-standing topic in different literatures, yet this is still a nascent topic in the study of civil defence and prepared

Background: Summary statistics often hide individual patients' suffering, thereby impeding quality improvement efforts. Objectives: We aimed to show the experience of a population with health care toward the end of life while preserving the experience of the individual. Design: We developed a data display method called per-patient illness trajectory analysis. We tested it using a demonstration coh