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Sedan 2004, när förordning 1/2003 trädde ikraft, har kommissionen givits en möjlighet att ersätta sitt förfarande för överträdelsebeslut inom tillämpningen av konkurrensrätt, med ett förenklat förfarande där specifika åtaganden görs bindande gentemot företag. Den huvudsakliga skillnaden ligger i att istället för att behöva genomföra en grundlig utredning gällande ett eller flera företags agerandenAs of 2004, with the entry into force of Regulation 1/2003, the Commission has been granted a possibility to substitute its infringement procedure in competition law enforcement, for a simplified commitment procedure. The major difference lies in that instead of having to conduct a thorough investigation into the behaviour of one or more undertakings, and follow this investigation with a finding o

A search for vector-like quarks and excited quarks in events containing a top quark and a W boson in the final state is reported here. The search is based on 20.3 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data taken at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector. Events with one or two leptons, and one, two or three jets are selected with the additional requirement that at lea

hEP4-R (human prostaglandin E2 receptor, subtype EP4) is a Gs-linked heterotrimeric GPCR (G-protein-coupled receptor). It undergoes agonist-induced desensitization and internalization that depend on the presence of its C-terminal domain. Desensitization and internalization of GPCRs are often linked to agonist-induced b-arrestin complex formation, which is stabilized by phosphorylation. Subsequentl

The DIRECT (Diabetes Research on Patient Stratification) Study is part of a European Union Framework 7 Innovative Medicines Initiative project, a joint undertaking between four industry and 21 academic partners throughout Europe. The Consortium aims to discover and validate biomarkers that: (1) predict the rate of glycaemic deterioration before and after type 2 diabetes onset; (2) predict the resp

OBJECTIVES: We examined approaches to reduce sodium content of food served in settings operated or funded by the government of the County of Los Angeles, California.METHODS: We adapted health impact assessment methods to mathematically simulate various levels of reduction in the sodium content of food served by the County of Los Angeles and to estimate the reductions' potential impacts on mean sys

Myanmar is the world's second-largest producer of opium poppy, the raw material from which heroin and opium are produced. 85% of this opium poppy is cultivated in rural areas of Shan State, where about 1 in 10 households in the villages are directly involved in opium poppy cultivation for the drug industry (MIMU, 2017). The economy of opium poppy permeates social and family dynamics; nonethele

With fossil fuel-dependencies affecting energy generation, and renewables being contextually limited by intermittency and dispatchability issues, this work explores European Pressurized-water Reactors (EPRs) as a nuclear-based climate mitigation measure in France and in the EU. Through its conceptual framework, this paper evaluates the technical potential of EPRs through the gate-keeping effect of

This thesis has two major purposes: (1) to create a 3D virtual “reconstructive” model of the peristyle with the nymphaeum wall (room b) of the house V 1,7 (House of the Bronze Bull) in Pompeii, and (2) to prepare a probability map based on this model that will show the reliability level for each individual part. The author underlines the importance of recording paradata of the entire workflow. The

The presumption of parental liability is an important tool for the Commission, enabling it to hold parent companies jointly and severally liable with their subsidiaries. Parent companies claim however, that they cannot rebut the presumption and are thus rendered strictly liable for their subsidiaries’ conduct. Due to the fact that parent companies repeatedly failed rebutting the presumption with e

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual people continue to face discrimination and persecution in their daily lives, often from both the state and their communities. Where states do not provide for the basic human rights and physical security of their lesbian, gay, and bisexual citizens, many such citizens would flee their countries of origin in search of refuge in more hospitable countries. If other countries

OBJECTIVES: Occupational exposure to vibration using hand-held tools may cause hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). Correct diagnosis and grading of severity are crucial in protecting the individual's health and for workers' compensation claims. The International Consensus Criteria (ICC) has been suggested to replace the widely used Stockholm Workshop Scale (SWS). The aims were to, in a clinical se

EU:s koncentrationsförordning syftar till att skydda konkurrensen på den inre marknaden från skada som orsakas av betydande strukturella förändringar, genom att säkerställa att företagsförvärv och fusioner leder till ökad tillväxt och en högre levnadsstandard inom EU. Denna uppsats undersöker det rättsliga ”vakuum” som uppstår utanför förordningens tillämpningsområde, samt hur den praktiska tillämThe EU Merger Regulation aims to protect the common market from lasting damage to competition caused by significant structural changes, by ensuring that mergers and acquisitions ultimately lead to improved growth and a higher standard of living within the EU. This thesis examines the regulatory gap outside the scope of the EU Merger Regulation, and how the practice of EU merger control has evolved

This study with the Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container (CARIBIC) platform investigates the aerosol elemental concentrations at 9-11 km altitude in the northern hemisphere. Measurements from 31 intercontinental flights over a 2-year period between Germany and Sri Lanka/Maldives in the Indian Ocean are presented. Aerosol samples were collected

Popular Abstract in Swedish Målet med kollektivtrafik är bl a att anordna transportförsörjning för alla samhällsgrupper på ett samhällsekonomiskt effektivt vis. En grupp medborgare är rullstolsburna resenärer, vars speciella förutsättningar ställer särskilda krav på transportsystemets utformning. För att utröna dessa speciella förutsättningar på ett ansvarsfullt sätt, är det viktigt att man anläggEliciting wheelchair-seated passengers’ perspective of safety and comfort is both useful and mandatory, particularly for researchers, clinicians, transit authorities, and for operators during purchase and use of vehicle technologies in existing and planned future transport systems. Therefore, the overarching objective of this thesis was to delineate the question of safety and comfort as perceived

Fake canonizations are prevalent in the former communist countries wherein arts and culture in general may still function as propaganda weaponry at the hands of the sponsoring state. The public is almost eliminated from the process of canonization, as the publishing houses, art galleries, and cultural industries seldom survive and flourish from sales to a real public. As a rule, their rarefied pub

The special interest group on sensitive skin of the International Forum for the Study of Itch previously defined sensitive skin as a syndrome defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations (stinging, burning, pain, pruritus and tingling sensations) in response to stimuli that normally should not provoke such sensations. This additional paper focuses on the pathophysiology and the management of

Probabilistic building performance simulations enables a method for evaluating how the data quality used to create input models affects the accuracy of the predicted energy performance. The method described in this paper explores an uncertainty analysis of a fixed building design and system by including the discrepancy between the declared property of a product, material, or behaviour quantified u